Clinical characteristics and outcomes of adults with multifocal epilepsy.

Objective: Multifocal epilepsy is an important subtype of epilepsy, but it is sometimes difficult to recognise in general clinical practice. Distinguishing (uni)focal from multifocal drug resistant epilepsy is important when considering surgical resection. The presence of multiple discrete autonomous epileptogenic zones may limit surgical options to neuromodulation or palliative resection.

Enhancing young people's pregnancy loss and fertility awareness and knowledge via schools: a way forward.

Pregnancy and infant loss, in the form of miscarriage, stillbirth or early neonatal death, occurs in 20-25% of all pregnancies. Despite its prevalence and associated physical and psychological impacts, there remains a lack of public awareness and understanding of pregnancy loss, including amongst people of reproductive age. Drawing on evidence from a preliminary review of peer-reviewed and grey literature, we make the case for enhancing pregnancy loss and (in)fertility awareness, specifically focusing on young people in second-level education.

A Case of Fournier's Gangrene Secondary to Varicella Zoster Virus in a 7-Year-Old Boy.

A rare case of Fournier's gangrene (FG) secondary to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) affecting the penis and scrotum of a 7-year-old boy is presented. To the authors' knowledge, there are four cases of FG in children as a result of VZV reported to date. Our patient underwent a total of four surgical debridements and was reconstructed using a split-thickness skin graft (SSG).

Camera-on-tip endoscope for cardiovascular diagnostics and surgical guidance.

Cardiovascular imaging with camera-on-tip endoscopes has the potential to provide physiologically relevant data on the tissue state and device placement that can improve clinical outcomes. In this work, we review the unmet clinical need for image-based cardiovascular diagnostics and guidance for minimally invasive procedures. We present a 7 Fr camera-on-tip endoscope with fibre-coupled multispectral illumination that includes methods for imaging in a blood-filled field of view (FOV).

Prevalence and Temporal Trends of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medication Fills During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding in Denmark.

Background And Objectives: Females of reproductive age are increasingly using attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication, but its use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of ADHD medication fills during pregnancy and breastfeeding, including characteristics of these females and cohort differences over time.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive study using Danish nationwide registers.

Metallosis, Trunnionosis, and Head-stem Dissociation of the Exeter v40 Stem in a Metal-on-Metal Hip: A Unique Case.

Introduction: In this article, we report a unique case of head-stem dissociation in a metal-on-metal total hip replacement which utilized an Exeter stem. Although metallosis and pseudotumor formation are well recognized complications of metal-on-metal hip replacements, head-stem dissociations are rare with few being reported in literature. To the best of our knowledge, this case report is the first to report this occurrence in an Exeter stem.

Evaluation of workload distribution and exposure factors in common use in ten general x-ray rooms in Ireland: An initial step towards protocol optimisation.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess current practice in general x-ray rooms in three Irish hospitals. Evaluating the extent to which x-ray protocols are currently standardised can be considered as a preparatory step towards the larger goal of implementing optimisation in a diagnostic radiology department.

Methods: Data on various aspects of general x-ray room exposures was manually collected and analysed to highlight variations with exposure factors in use and workload distribution across each of the ten hospital x-ray rooms included in the study.

Bridging the Gap: The Importance of Non-technical Skills in Cardiology for Enhanced Patient Care and Team Performance.

Cardiology, a high-acuity medical specialty, has traditionally emphasised technical expertise, often overshadowing the critical role of non-technical skills (NTS). This imbalance stems from the historical focus on procedural competence and clinical knowledge in cardiology training and practice, leaving a significant gap in the development of crucial interpersonal and cognitive abilities. However, emerging evidence highlights the significant impact of NTS on patient outcomes, team dynamics, and overall healthcare efficiency.

Polymer-free versus biodegradable-polymer drug-eluting stent in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: an assessor-blind, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Few data are available on polymer-free drug-eluting stents in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Aims: We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of a polymer-free amphilimus-eluting stent (AES), using a reservoir-based technology for drug delivery, compared with a biodegradable-polymer everolimus-eluting stent (EES).

Methods: This was a randomised, investigator-initiated, assessor-blind, non-inferiority trial conducted at 14 hospitals in Italy (ClinicalTrials.

Computer-Aided Diagnosis in Spontaneous Abortion: A Histopathology Dataset and Benchmark for Products of Conception.

Spontaneous abortion, commonly known as miscarriage, is a significant concern during early pregnancy. Histopathological examination of tissue samples is a widely used method to diagnose and classify tissue phenotypes found in products of conception (POC) after spontaneous abortion. Histopathological examination is subjective and dependent on the skill and experience of the examiner.

Significance of location and extent of perineural invasion in early-stage oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.

Aims: Perineural invasion (PNI) is associated with survival in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). There is evidence to suggest that PNI location and extent may be of additional significance. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic ability of PNI, including location and extent, in early-stage OCSCC.

Catheter Tip Migration in Female Patients With Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Comparative Study of Right- and Left-Sided Chest Ports.

Chest ports are typically inserted via the right internal jugular vein with the left side being utilized in certain patient populations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dynamic position of the chest port and catheter tip, comparing a demographically matched cohort of female breast cancer patients with right- or left-sided chest ports. 142 female patients with breast cancer requiring chest port insertion for chemotherapy and imaging confirming catheter tip position initially with supine fluoroscopy and follow-up with erect chest radiography over a 5-year period were identified.

Macular patterns of neuronal and visual field loss in recovered optic neuritis identified by machine learning.

We used machine learning to investigate the residual visual field (VF) deficits and macula retinal ganglion cell (RGC) thickness loss patterns in recovered optic neuritis (ON). We applied archetypal analysis (AA) to 377 same-day pairings of 10-2 VF and optical coherence tomography (OCT) macula images from 93 ON eyes and 70 normal fellow eyes ≥ 90 days after acute ON. We correlated archetype (AT) weights (total weight = 100%) of VFs and total retinal thickness (TRT), inner retinal thickness (IRT), and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness.

Perforation of sigmoid colon by a migrated intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD), diagnosis and surgical management: a case report.

We describe the case of a 43-year-old woman presented with an 8-month history of intermittent non-specific abdominal pain. She had an Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) inserted 4-years ago and the device was still in-situ. After initial gynaecological assessment, further clinical radiological investigations, computerized tomography imaging showed that the intraluminal part of the radiological foreign body was seen to be possibly perforating the sigmoid colon after having migrated.

The clinical significance and burden of thyroid nodules discovered incidentally.

Background: The majority of thyroid nodules are benign; however current guidelines suggest that thyroid incidentalomas should be appropriately evaluated to rule out malignancy.

Aims: This study aims to determine the incidence of thyroid incidentalomas and the likelihood that they harbour sinister pathology in the largest Irish cohort studied to-date.

Methods: A retrospective observational chart review was conducted using data from July 2018 to December 2018 using the Radiology Database in use at Cork University Hospital.

Computed tomography morphomics and antifibrotic therapy in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Aim: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating and fatal lung disease. Changes in body composition potentially correlate with outcomes in patients with IPF.

Materials And Methods: Patients with IPF on antifibrotic treatment attending a single institution were identified and retrospectively evaluated (n=84).

Clinical and Biomarker Determinants for Recurrent Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Despite effective secondary prevention, including oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy, the risk of recurrent stroke (RS) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains substantial with an annualized risk of 3.2%-6.5% per year.

Incidence and Predictors of Later Epilepsy in Neonates with Encephalopathy: The Impact of Electrographic Seizures.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of later epilepsy in full-term infants with neonatal encephalopathy (NE) who undergo continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) monitoring in the neonatal period and to identify potential predictors of later epilepsy both in infants with and without electrographic neonatal seizures (ENS).

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study performed at Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland, between 2003 and 2019. All term infants with NE had a minimum of 2 h of cEEG monitoring in the neonatal period.

Embolisation of an acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation.

A G5P2+2 woman in her 30s presented to hospital with per vaginum (PV) bleeding, approximately 2 weeks post electric vacuum aspiration (EVA) for retained products of conception. Ultrasound and MRI demonstrated a large vascular myometrial lesion, suggestive of a uterine arteriovenous malformation (UAVM). She underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with interventional radiology and simultaneous uterine artery embolisation (UAE).

The use of precision radiotherapy for the management of cancer related pain in the abdomen.

Purpose Of Review: Abdominal pain due to cancer is a significant and debilitating symptom for cancer patients, which is commonly undertreated. Radiotherapy (RT) for the management of abdominal cancer pain is underused, with limited awareness of its benefit. This review presents a discussion on current precision RT options for the management of cancer pain in the abdomen.

Climate Therapy: Sustainability Solutions for Breast Cancer Care in the Anthropocene Era.

Climate change is the greatest threat to human existence. Currently it impacts breast cancer care by disrupting treatment, by food poverty and economic hardship and through fossil fuel pollution which increases breast cancer incidence. These impacts are greatest in those already experiencing deprivation.