Regulation of immune response genes in the skin of allergic and clinically tolerant individuals exposed to p-phenylenediamine.

Background: p-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is a potent contact allergen found in many hair colour products. However, not all individuals develop allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) although they are regularly exposed to PPD. It is unclear whether these asymptomatic individuals are true non-responders to PPD or whether they mount a response to PPD without showing any symptoms.

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist treatment in patients with renal insufficiency and the associated risk of hyperkalemia and death.

Objectives: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) treatment is kidney protective but not recommended to patients with advanced renal failure due to the risk of hyperkalemia and death. This study aimed to examine the impact of MRA treatment in patients with chronic kidney disease on risk of hyperkalemia and subsequent mortality.

Methods: Rates of hyperkalemia were compared across strata of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and MRA treatment based on cox regression using a nested case-control framework with 1 : 4 matching of patients with hyperkalemia (K + ≥6.

The usual Interstitial pneumonia pattern in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP) is characterized by progression of lung parenchyma that may be observed in various autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs), including rheumatoid arthritis and connective tissue diseases. From a diagnostic point of view, a UIP pattern related to ARDs may display imaging and pathological features able to distinguish it from that related to IPF, such as the "straight-edge" sign at HRCT and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates at histologic specimens. Multidisciplinary approach (MDD), involving at least pulmonologist, rheumatologist and radiologist, is fundamental in the differential diagnosis process, but MDD is also required in the evaluation of severity, progression and response to treatment, that is based on the combination of changes in symptoms, pulmonary function trends, and, in selected patients, serial CT evaluation.

Assessing the efficacy of a German-inspired intervention on occupational contact dermatitis in Denmark: A randomised controlled trial with 3-month follow-up.

Background: Occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) is a prevalent, often chronic disease that poses a risk for job loss and decreased quality of life. In Germany, a multi-step prevention programme emphasising early detection and highly specialised multidisciplinary treatment has been implemented with great success.

Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of a Danish-adapted version of the German prevention effort on OCD severity, quality of life and occupational consequences at 3-month follow-up.

Early recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia indicates pulmonary vein reconduction independent of blanking period duration in the RACE-AF trial.

Introduction: Atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence during the blanking period (early ATA) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is associated with an increased risk of later recurrence, but its relationship with pulmonary vein reconduction (PVR) is poorly understood. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between early ATA and PVR. Second, to provide data on the optimal blanking period by (a) evaluating how the predictive values of ATA for PVR are affected by blanking period duration, and (b) assessing the temporal development in atrial fibrillation (AF) burden.

Relationship between early life asthma and chronic airway disease in adult life - in search for disease trajectories over the life span- the RELATE study based on the Kongsberg cohort.

Background: Chronic airway disease in adults may have its origin in early life. The purpose of this study is to investigate the long-term prognosis of severe childhood asthma in search for an association between asthma in early life and obstructive lung disease in adulthood.

Methods: This study is based on the Kongsberg cohort, which includes approximately 5000 children with severe asthma with a 4-month stay at the asthma care facility in Kongsberg, Norway during the years 1950 to 1979.

Impact of atopic dermatitis on occupational contact dermatitis among young people: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) is a common occupational disease. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a known risk factor for OCD.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of previously diagnosed AD among young workers with recognized OCD and assess its impact on OCD prognosis.

Mortality and exacerbations associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A regional cohort study of 22,689 outpatients.

Objectives: The clinical significance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in patients with COPD is poorly understood. We aimed to determine whether a lower respiratory tract culture positive for S. maltophilia in COPD patients was independently associated with increased risk of death and hospitalisation for exacerbation of COPD.

CD100 boosts the inflammatory response in the challenge phase of allergic contact dermatitis in mice.

Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an inflammatory disease with a complex pathophysiology in which epidermal-resident memory CD8 T (T ) cells play a key role. The mechanisms involved in the activation of CD8 T cells during allergic flare-up responses are not understood.

Methods: The expression of CD100 and its ligand Plexin B2 on CD8 T cells and keratinocytes before and after allergen exposure was determined by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR.

The junctional adhesion molecule-like protein (JAML) is important for the inflammatory response during contact hypersensitivity.

Background: The junctional adhesion molecule-like protein (JAML) plays important roles in wound healing and activation of epidermal γδ T cells in mice. Whether JAML plays a role in contact hypersensitivity (CHS), the animal model of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), is not known.

Methods: To examine the role of JAML in CHS, we used various mouse models of CHS in JAML knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice.

Research priorities for therapeutic plasma exchange in critically ill patients.

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a therapeutic intervention that separates plasma from blood cells to remove pathological factors or to replenish deficient factors. The use of TPE is increasing over the last decades. However, despite a good theoretical rationale and biological plausibility for TPE as a therapy for numerous diseases or syndromes associated with critical illness, TPE in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting has not been studied extensively.

Mild induced hypothermia and coagulation and platelet function in patients with septic shock: Secondary outcome of a randomized trial.

Coagulation abnormalities and microthrombi contribute to septic shock, but the impact of body temperature regulation on coagulation in patients with sepsis is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that mild induced hypothermia reduces coagulation and platelet aggregation in patients with septic shock. Secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial.

Psychiatric Adverse Effects of Montelukast-A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Recent observational studies suggest that the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast may have neuropsychiatric adverse effects; however, results are conflicting.

Objective: To assess whether montelukast exposure in adults with asthma is associated with onset of neuropsychiatric adverse events using data from the Danish nationwide health registers.

Methods: Individuals 18 years old or older with either 1 or more prescription redemption of inhaled corticosteroids or with at least 1 hospital contact with asthma as the main diagnosis between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2018, were included.

PaCO trajectories in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: A population-based cohort study.

Objective: To identify PaCO trajectories and assess their associations with mortality in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the first and second waves of the pandemic in Denmark.

Design: A population-based cohort study with retrospective data collection.

Patients: All COVID-19 patients were treated in eight intensive care units (ICUs) in the Capital Region of Copenhagen, Denmark, between March 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021.

Learning insertion of a Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) catheter: Is clinical experience necessary? A prospective trial.

Background: Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is an emerging and potentially life-saving procedure, necessitating qualified operators in an increasing number of centres. The procedure shares technical elements with other vascular access procedures using the Seldinger technique, which is mastered by doctors not only in endovascular specialties but also in trauma surgery, emergency medicine, and anaesthesiology. We hypothesised that doctors mastering the Seldinger technique (experienced anaesthesiologist) would learn the technical aspects of REBOA with limited training and remain technically superior to doctors unfamiliar with the Seldinger technique (novice residents) given similar training.