Histopathology-validated gross tumor volume delineations of intraprostatic lesions using PSMA-positron emission tomography/multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

Background And Purpose: Dose escalation in external radiotherapy of prostate cancer shows promising results in terms of biochemical disease-free survival. Boost volume delineation guidelines are sparse which may cause high interobserver variability. The aim of this research was to characterize gross tumor volume (GTV) delineations based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and prostate specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) in relation to histopathology-validated Gleason grade 4 and 5 regions.

Accuracy of gross tumour volume delineation with [68Ga]-PSMA-PET compared to histopathology for high-risk prostate cancer.

Background: The delineation of intraprostatic lesions is vital for correct delivery of focal radiotherapy boost in patients with prostate cancer (PC). Errors in the delineation could translate into reduced tumour control and potentially increase the side effects. The purpose of this study is to compare PET-based delineation methods with histopathology.

Histopathology-validated lesion detection rates of clinically significant prostate cancer with mpMRI, [ 68 Ga]PSMA-11-PET and [ 11 C]Acetate-PET.

Objective: PET/CT and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) are important diagnostic tools in clinically significant prostate cancer (csPC). The aim of this study was to compare csPC detection rates with [ 68 Ga]PSMA-11-PET (PSMA)-PET, [ 11 C]Acetate (ACE)-PET, and mpMRI with histopathology as reference, to identify the most suitable imaging modalities for subsequent hybrid imaging. An additional aim was to compare inter-reader variability to assess reproducibility.

ESUR/ESUI position paper: developing artificial intelligence for precision diagnosis of prostate cancer using magnetic resonance imaging.

Artificial intelligence developments are essential to the successful deployment of community-wide, MRI-driven prostate cancer diagnosis. AI systems should ensure that the main benefits of biopsy avoidance are delivered while maintaining consistent high specificities, at a range of disease prevalences. Since all current artificial intelligence / computer-aided detection systems for prostate cancer detection are experimental, multiple developmental efforts are still needed to bring the vision to fruition.

Surgical repair of parastomal bulging: a retrospective register-based study on prospectively collected data.

Aim: The aim of this work was to examine (1) the incidence of primary repair, (2) the incidence of recurrent repair and (3) the types of repair performed in patients with parastomal bulging.

Method: Prospectively collected data on parastomal bulging from the Danish Stoma Database were linked to surgical data on repair of parastomal bulging from the Danish National Patient Register. Survival statistics provided cumulative incidences and time until primary and recurrent repair.

Enthesitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis and healthy subjects assessed by 'head-to-toe' whole-body MRI and clinical examination.

Objectives: To investigate the ability of whole-body MRI (WBMRI) to detect axial and peripheral enthesitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), and in healthy subjects (HS). Furthermore, to develop MRI enthesitis indices based on WBMRI and validate these by use of clinical measures of disease activity.

Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study of patients with PsA (n=18) and axSpA (n=18) with moderate to high disease activity, and HS (n=12).

Vitamin D, surface electromyography and physical function in uraemic patients.

Background: Muscle function is impaired in uraemic patients and several causes have been proposed. Deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), which affects muscle function in non-uraemic patients, may very well also be associated with the myopathy found in these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between 25-OHD and muscle function as well as physical function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.

Participating in a cancer clinical trial? The balancing of options in the loneliness of autonomy: a grounded theory interview study.

Cancer patients asked to participate in a randomised trial including chemotherapy at two university centres and a satellite centre were interviewed about perceptions and experiences (14 trial participating and 15 trial declining patients). The central phenomenon was a constant, cautious balancing of personal options searching for maximised effect, personal safety, trust, confidence and being cared for. Almost all developed a treatment preference and this was decisive for choices.

Sensory bladder disorders.

Sensory bladder disorders include disorders involving abnormal sensations resulting from many diseases of the urinary bladder. In a proportion of patients no cause can be found and if pain or pelvic pressure is a part of the symptomatology, they are labelled as having painful bladder syndrome (PBS). In a subgroup of these patients abnormal findings can be demonstrated at cystoscopy and/or by histological examination of bladder biopsies.

A high peritoneal large pore fluid flux causes hypoalbuminaemia and is a risk factor for death in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background: Hypoalbuminaemia is common in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and has an associated high mortality. An excess morbidity and mortality has previously been found in patients with high peritoneal transport. A high peritoneal large pore fluid flux (Jv(L)) results in increased peritoneal loss of protein that possibly contributes to patient morbidity.

Sonography of the knee: intra-articular pathology.

MRI is the gold-standard imaging technique for evaluation of the intra-articular structures of the knee, and the use of sonography remains controversial. Sonography nevertheless is a useful alternative in several conditions: Inflammatory joint diseases, where it is appropriate for early diagnosis and follow-up of joint effusion and synovitis; peri-articular masses, where it is the best modality for guidance of needle puncture or biopsy; suspected meniscus or ligament lesion, where it may provide a positive diagnosis but is not sufficient to exclude intra-articular lesions; and loose bodies, where it is an outstanding modality for diagnosing lesions not evident on radiographs.

The Danish Renal Biopsy Register.

The Danish Renal Biopsy Register, created in 1985, is a comprehensive national register of all renal biopsies performed in Denmark. It includes light microscopy diagnoses, immunofluorescence information, disease localization, and clinical information. The number of registered biopsies has remained constant since inception at 570/year, 200 of which are from renal allografts.

Dietary habits and nutritional status of renal transplant patients.

Background: Although dialysis nutritional problems are well described, nutritional problems after renal transplantation (RT) have received little attention.

Methods: Body composition as assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in 115 stable patients 6.6 +/- 5.

Hyperparathyroidism and long-term bone loss after renal transplantation.

Background: While early bone loss after renal transplantation (RT) is well described, factors affecting the long-term fate of bone have received less attention.

Methods: Whole body (WB), lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptionometry in 126 stable RT patients and repeated in 114 survivors after 3 yr. Percentage change per year (%/yr) was correlated to clinical and biochemical markers of bone metabolism.

Bone disease after renal transplantation.

Bone disease is common after renal transplantation. The main syndromes are bone loss with a consequent fracture rate of 3% per year, osteonecrosis of the hip, and bone pain. The causes of disease include preexisting uremic osteodystrophy (hyperparathyroidism, aluminum osteomalacia, beta2-associated amyloidosis, and diabetic osteopathy), postoperative glucocorticoid therapy, poor renal function, and ongoing hyperparathyroidism, as the result of either autonomous transformation of the parathyroid gland or ongoing physiologic stimuli.

Attitudes towards clinical research amongst participants and nonparticipants.

Objectives: To investigate attitudes to clinical research amongst cancer trial participants and nonparticipants, and to compare results with those from previous studies amongst participants in noncancer trials.

Design: Trial participating respondents were given three questionnaires during the clinical trials. Respondents amongst patients declining randomization answered a single questionnaire.

Ethical aspects of clinical trials: the attitudes of participants in two non-cancer trials.

Objectives: To investigate attitudes to clinical trials in non-cancer trial participants.

Design: Questionnaires at entry, during, and after participation in a clinical study.

Setting: Participants in: (i) ROC: a clinical study comparing systemic interferon-alpha-2A treatment vs.

Bone loss after renal transplantation: role of hyperparathyroidism, acidosis, cyclosporine and systemic disease.

Unlabelled: In order to determine risk factors for bone loss after renal transplantation, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed in 125 renal transplant patients. The bone mineral density (BMD) was expressed as a percentage of the normal population (BMD%) and Z-score (SD from normal). The whole body, lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD% (Z-score) values were 93.

Lack of effect from mitomycin c plus 5-fluorouracil in platin-resistant ovarian cancer: a phase II study.

Sixteen patients with advanced ovarian cancer were included in a phase II study with mitomycin c (MMC) plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). All patients had previously received platin-based combination therapy, but were resistant to this treatment. A MMC 10 mg m-2 intravenous (iv) bolus was given on day 1 every 6 weeks, and 5-FU 1000 mg m-2 was given iv on days 1-3 every 3 weeks, as a continuous infusion over 72 h.