Selective arterial embolization of renal angiomyolipomas: A 10-year experience.

Objectives: To study safety and efficacy of selective endovascular trans-arterial embolization (TAE) of renal angiomyolipoma (AML) in a 10-year period at a regional tertiary referral center in Denmark.

Patients And Methods: All 56 patients who underwent TAE of renal AML at Departments of Urology and Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark, from 2009 to 2020 were included. Seven without preoperative and postoperative imaging were excluded, leaving 49 patients for analysis.

Microcirculatory Function in Nonhypertrophic and Hypertrophic Myocardium in Patients With Aortic Valve Stenosis.

Background Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has often been supposed to be associated with abnormal myocardial blood flow and resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the physiological and pathological changes in myocardial blood flow and microcirculatory resistance in patients with and without LVH attributable to severe aortic stenosis. Methods and Results Absolute coronary blood flow and microvascular resistance were measured using a novel technique with continuous thermodilution and infusion of saline.

Biallelic Loss-of-Function Variants Cause a Wide Phenotypic Spectrum from Leigh/Leigh-Like Syndrome to Isolated Optic Atrophy.

Background: Biallelic loss-of-function variants have hitherto been linked to mitochondrial complex I deficiency presenting with heterogeneous clinical and radiological features in nine cases only.

Objectives: To fully characterize, both phenotypically and genotypically, -related mitochondrial disease.

Methods: We collected data from cases identified by screening genetic databases of several laboratories worldwide and systematically reviewed the literature.

Contacts With the Health Care System Before Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Background It remains challenging to identify patients at risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We aimed to examine health care contacts in patients before OHCA compared with the general population that did not experience an OHCA. Methods and Results Patients with OHCA with a presumed cardiac cause were identified from the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry (2001-2014) and their health care contacts (general practitioner [GP]/hospital) were examined up to 1 year before OHCA.

Lifetime Risk of Heart Failure and Trends in Incidence Rates Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Between 1995 and 2018.

Background There are limited data on the lifetime risk of heart failure (HF) in people with type 2 diabetes and how incidence has changed over time. We estimated the cumulative incidence and incidence rates of HF among Danish adults with type 2 diabetes between 1995 and 2018 using nationwide data. Methods and Results In total, 398 422 patients (49% women) with type 2 diabetes were identified.

Long-Term Mortality Associated With Use of Carvedilol Versus Metoprolol in Heart Failure Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background Carvedilol may have favorable glycemic properties compared with metoprolol, but it is unknown if carvedilol has mortality benefit over metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods and Results Using Danish nationwide databases between 2010 and 2018, we followed patients with new-onset HFrEF treated with either carvedilol or metoprolol for all-cause mortality until the end of 2018. Follow-up started 120 days after initial HFrEF diagnosis to allow initiation of guideline-directed medical therapy.

A conversation on how animal experimental studies allies with translational medicine.

Basis science research in pediatric urology studies physiological questions in animal models to provide new data on how to treat patients. We sat down with Jens-Christian Djurhuus to discuss both practical and philosophical questions on how to best perform basic science research. Initial questions such as "What type of questions are best studied in animal models?" and "Which animal model should I use?" help us answer the basic question of "What is a good research topic?".

Risk of Physical Injury for Dispatched Citizen Responders to Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Background Citizen responder programs are implemented worldwide to dispatch volunteer citizens to participate in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation. However, the risk of injuries in relation to activation is largely unknown. We aimed to assess the risk of physical injury for dispatched citizen responders.

A novel homozygous variant in causes severe IUGR, edema, and cardiomyopathy in two fetuses.

The C1QBP protein (complement component 1 Q subcomponent-binding protein), encoded by the C1QBP gene, is a multifunctional protein predominantly localized in the mitochondrial matrix. Biallelic variants have previously been shown to give rise to combined respiratory-chain deficiencies with variable phenotypic presentation, severity, and age at onset, from intrauterine with a mostly lethal course, to a late-onset mild myopathy. We present two fetuses, one male and one female, of first-cousin parents, with severe intrauterine growth retardation, oligo/anhydramnios, edema, and cardiomyopathy as the most prominent prenatal symptoms.

C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion with Alzheimer's disease-like clinical phenotype: A case report with results from neuropsychology, CSF, FDG-PET, and PiB-PET.

A thorough family history and relevant investigation program are essential to settle accurate diagnosis when clinical presentation is atypical or with a mixed picture.

How geneticists think about Differences/Disorders of Sexual Development (DSD): A conversation.

A multidisciplinary DSD clinic offers the opportunity for different specialties to learn from each other, as each provides their own perspective and expertise to the management of these complex patients, leading to collaborative care. For the patient, a multi-disciplinary clinic can improve access to care and decrease stress, as patients see all of the specialists on one day. For urologists seeing patients with DSD within a multi-disciplinary DSD clinic as well as independently, understanding what other specialists provide can help facilitate care and referral.

Effect of blood glucose and body weight on image quality in brain [18F]FDG PET imaging.

Objectives: The aims of the present study were to assess the influence of mild to moderate hyperglycaemia and body weight on brain 2-[F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([F]FDG) PET, and to what extent a simple algorithm for maintaining count density may compensate for these effects.

Methods: We prospectively included 63 patients undergoing routine brain [F]FDG PET. Scan time and injected activity were adjusted in patients with hyperglycaemia or increased body weight.

Genotype and phenotype classification of 29 patients affected by Krabbe disease.

Krabbe disease is a rare neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the galactocerebrosidase gene, . Krabbe disease usually affects infants, but has also been reported in older children and adults. Different phenotypes are described based on age at onset.

Calcium electroporation for recurrent head and neck cancer: A clinical phase I study.

Background: Calcium electroporation is a novel cancer treatment, which combines temporary cell permeability from electroporation with a high influx of calcium intracellularly resulting in cancer cell necrosis.

Methods: A phase I trial performing calcium electroporation on 6 patients suffering from recurrent head and neck cancer. In general anesthesia, intratumoral calcium injections were followed by electroporation.

Long-Term Cardiac Function After Peripartum Cardiomyopathy and Preeclampsia: A Danish Nationwide, Clinical Follow-Up Study Using Maximal Exercise Testing and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background Long-term clinical studies of peripartum cardiomyopathy ( PPCM ) are few. We aimed to measure the long-term effect of PPCM on cardiac function in comparison with the long-term effects of severe preeclampsia and uncomplicated pregnancy. Methods and Results A nationwide Danish cohort of women diagnosed with PPCM from 2005 to 2014 ( PPCM group) were invited to participate in a clinical follow-up study including maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.

Reproducibility and Reliability of Repeated Quantitative Fluorescence Angiography.

When using fluorescence angiography (FA) in perioperative perfusion assessment, repeated measures with re-injections of fluorescent dye (ICG) may be required. However, repeated injections may cause saturation of dye in the tissue, exceeding the limit of fluorescence intensity that the camera can detect. As the emission of fluorescence is dependent of the excitatory light intensity, reduction of this may solve the problem.

Prenatal diagnosis of autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome using 3D ultrasound.

This article hypothesizes that it is possible to detect and diagnose both the autosomal recessive and dominant forms prenatally using ultrasound. By focusing on the characteristic phenotypical presentation, the examinator is able to diagnose the syndrome prenatally, which is of clinical importance to the parents and counseling for the consideration of terminating the pregnancy.

Mechanical and vasomotor properties of piglet isolated middle cerebral artery.

Piglets are often used as experimental models for studying cerebrovascular responses in newborn infants. However, the mechanical characteristics of piglets' middle cerebral arteries (MCA) are not well characterized. Additionally, the vessels' response to dopamine, the most commonly used vasopressor in newborns, is not characterized in piglets' MCA.

Variation in the oxytocin receptor gene is associated with behavioral and neural correlates of empathic accuracy.

The neuromodulators oxytocin and serotonin have been implicated in regulating affective processes underlying empathy. Understanding this dependency, however, has been limited by a lack of objective metrics for measuring empathic performance. Here we employ a novel psychophysical method for measuring empathic performance that quantitatively measures the ability of subjects to decode the experience of another person's pain.

Effect of acute hypobaric hypoxia on the endothelial glycocalyx and digital reactive hyperemia in humans.

Introduction: Hypoxia is associated with increased capillary permeability. This study tested whether acute hypobaric hypoxia involves degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx.

Methods: We exposed 12 subjects to acute hypobaric hypoxia (equivalent to 4500 m for 2-4 h) and measured venous blood concentrations of biomarkers reflecting endothelial and glycocalyx degradation (catecholamines, syndecan-1, soluble CD40 ligand, protein C, soluble thrombomodulin, tissue-type plasminogen activators, histone-complexed DNA fragments, and nitrite/nitrate).

Influence of intranasal and carotid cooling on cerebral temperature balance and oxygenation.

The present study evaluated the influence of intranasal cooling with balloon catheters, increased nasal ventilation, or percutaneous cooling of the carotid arteries on cerebral temperature balance and oxygenation in six healthy male subjects. Aortic arch and internal jugular venous blood temperatures were measured to assess the cerebral heat balance and corresponding paired blood samples were obtained to evaluate cerebral metabolism and oxygenation at rest, following 60 min of intranasal cooling, 5 min of nasal ventilation, and 15 min with carotid cooling. Intranasal cooling induced a parallel drop in jugular venous and arterial blood temperatures by 0.