Cardiac power and the association with heart failure and cardiovascular death in the general population.

Background: Cardiac power (CP) integrates echocardiographic and clinical parameters of hemodynamics, yet its prognostic value within the general population remains unexplored. This study investigated the association between CP and incident heart failure (HF) and cardiovascular (CV) death in the general population.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we measured CP in a total of 4022 individuals from the general population without prior HF.

Social disconnectedness, subsequent medical conditions, and, the role of pre-existing mental disorders: a population-based cohort study.

Aims: Individuals with diminished social connections are at higher risk of mental disorders, dementia, circulatory conditions and musculoskeletal conditions. However, evidence is limited by a disease-specific focus and no systematic examination of sex differences or the role of pre-existing mental disorders.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study using data on social disconnectedness (loneliness, social isolation, low social support and a composite measure) from the 2013 and 2017 Danish National Health Survey linked with register data on 11 broad categories of medical conditions through 2021.

Efficacy and safety of a 72-h infusion of prostacyclin (1 ng/kg/min) in mechanically ventilated patients with pulmonary infection and endotheliopathy-protocol for the multicenter randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded, investigator-initiated COMBAT-ARF trial.

Background: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is common in critically ill patients, and 50% of patients in intensive care units require mechanical ventilation [3, 4]. The COVID-19 pandemic revealed that COVID-19 infection induced ARF caused by damage to the microvascular pulmonary endothelium. In a randomized clinical trial, mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients with severe endotheliopathy, as defined by soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) ≥ 4 ng/mL, were randomized to evaluate the effect of a 72-h infusion of low-dose prostacyclin 1 ng/kg/min or placebo.

Fibre type differences in the organisation of mononuclear cells and myonuclei at the tips of human myofibres.

The myotendinous junction (MTJ) is a weak link in the musculoskeletal system. Here, we isolated the tips of single myofibres from healthy human hamstring muscles for confocal microscopy (n=6) and RNAscope in situ hybridisation (n=6) to gain insight into the profiles of cells and myonuclei in this region, in a fibre type manner. A marked presence of mononuclear cells was observed coating the myofibre tips (confirmed by serial block face scanning electron microscopy and cryosection immunofluorescence), with higher numbers for type I (median 29; range 16-63) than type II (16; 9-23) myofibres (p<0.

Effect of the Norwegian agreement on a more inclusive working life on use of sick leave and pregnancy benefits among pregnant women: a cohort study.

Background: We aimed to estimate the effect of the voluntary Norwegian Agreement on a More Inclusive Working Life (IA Agreement) on use of sickness absence (SA) and pregnancy benefits among pregnant women.

Methods: Pregnant women (n = 112,486) with a birth during 1.12.

Measurement properties of shear wave elastography for evaluating rotator cuff muscle stiffness: a systematic review.

Background: Literature assessing elasticity in rotator cuff (RC) muscles with shear wave elastography (SWE) is growing but little is known about the overall measurement properties. However, this information is crucial before implementation in research or practice. The objective of this review was first, to systematically investigate the evidence regarding reliability and validity of rotator cuff (RC) muscles shear wave elastography (SWE).

Cutaneous Immune Responses to Ablative Fractional Laser, Heat- and Cold-Based Dermatological Procedures.

Objective: Physical treatment modalities, such as ablative fractional laser (AFL), electrocautery, and cryotherapy, are extensively used in the field of dermatology. This study aimed to characterize the short-term innate and adaptive immune responses induced by AFL compared with heat- and cold-based procedures.

Materials And Methods: Innate (CD11bLy6G neutrophils) and adaptive (CD8CD3 T cells) immune cell infiltration and histopathological changes were examined in murine skin on Days 1 and 7, following AFL, monopolar-electrocautery (RF), thermocautery, and cryotherapy.

Measuring associations between the food environment and dietary habits: comparing the proportion and density of food outlets.

Background: The food environment plays a crucial role in shaping our dietary choices and overall health. Spatial measures provide distinct perspectives on the physical food environment and its impact on diet. While proportion measures are theoretically considered to provide a more accurate representation of the overall physical food environment than density measures, it is important to recognize that the association between food environments and diet can vary depending on the context.

Brain change trajectories in healthy adults correlate with Alzheimer's related genetic variation and memory decline across life.

Throughout adulthood and ageing our brains undergo structural loss in an average pattern resembling faster atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using a longitudinal adult lifespan sample (aged 30-89; 2-7 timepoints) and four polygenic scores for AD, we show that change in AD-sensitive brain features correlates with genetic AD-risk and memory decline in healthy adults. We first show genetic risk links with more brain loss than expected for age in early Braak regions, and find this extends beyond APOE genotype.

The baseline fecal microbiome differs in patients with and without anastomotic leakage after colorectal cancer surgery.

Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a severe complication of colorectal surgery. The risk of AL is affected by both surgery and patient factors. Gut microbiomes can be generated from the residual material from the fecal immunochemical test (FIT).

Vitamin D Supplementation for Treating Atopic Dermatitis in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting up to 20% of children and 10% of adults worldwide. Current research suggests a correlation between serum vitamin D level and AD severity and that vitamin D supplementation could have a potential therapeutic effect on AD.

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of vitamin D supplementation for disease improvement in children and adults with AD.

Is the benefit of sequential 5-fluorouracil and daylight photodynamic therapy versus daylight photodynamic therapy alone sustained over time? - 12-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Since recurrences and new AKs commonly are observed after treatment long-term effects of field-directed therapies for AKs are crucial. Thus, we evaluated the 6- and 12-month efficacy and satisfaction of sequential topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and daylight PDT (dPDT) with dPDT alone.

Methods: In a randomized intra-individual study patients with multiple AKs in the face and scalp were treated with 4 % 5-fluorouracil cream twice daily for 7 days on one side of the scalp/face, followed by dPDT on both sides.

Development, validation, and prognostic evaluation of LiverPRO for the prediction of significant liver fibrosis in primary care: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Clinically significant liver fibrosis is associated with future adverse events in patients with steatotic liver disease. We designed a software tool for detection of clinically significant liver fibrosis in primary care.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we developed and validated LiverPRO using six independent cohorts from Denmark, Germany, and England that included patients from primary and secondary care with steatotic liver disease related to alcohol or metabolic dysfunction.

Unfavourable glucose metabolism is associated with functional somatic disorders. A cross-sectional general population-based study: The DanFunD study.

Objectives: Several studies have observed associations between unfavorable levels of blood glucose metabolic markers (i.e., fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)) and functional somatic disorder (FSD).

Early Reduction of FeNO on Anti-IL5 Biologics Is Associated With Clinical Remission of Severe Asthma.

Background: In patients with severe asthma, treatment with anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) biologics can lead to a reduction in fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in some patients. The clinical implications of varying FeNO responses to anti-IL-5 biologics remain unclear. This study aims to categorise patients based on their FeNO response to anti-IL-5 biologics and evaluate the association of these categories with clinical outcomes.

Patient flow analysis with fast-track MRI for suspected stroke in the emergency department and associated non-comprehensive stroke center.

Background: Good outcomes in stroke care require swift diagnostics, for which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as first-line brain imaging is superior to computed tomography scans. Reduced length of stay (LOS) in hospital and emergency departments (ED) may optimize resource use. Fast-track stroke MRI was implemented as the primary imaging technique for suspected stroke, in the ED at Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte in 2020.

Added prognostic value of DCE blood volume imaging in patients with suspected recurrent or residual glioblastoma-A hybrid [F]FET PET/MRI study.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cerebral blood volume (CBV) measurements improve the diagnosis of recurrent gliomas. The study investigated the prognostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) CBV imaging in treated IDH wildtype glioblastoma when added to MRI or amino acid positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods: Hybrid [F]FET PET/MRI with 2CXM (2-compartment exchange model) DCE from 86 adult patients with suspected recurrent or residual glioblastoma were retrospectively analyzed.

The impact of lower respiratory tract sample cultures on outcomes in community-acquired pneumonia: a propensity score matched cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether collecting a lower respiratory tract sample (LRTS) for bacterial microscopy, culture, and resistance (MCR) testing affects outcomes in patients with CAP.

Methods: A cohort study including adults admitted to hospital with CAP. The primary outcome was the duration of narrow-spectrum antibiotic treatment.

Mortality and risk of diabetes, liver disease, and heart disease in individuals with haemochromatosis C282Y homozygosity and normal concentrations of iron, transferrin saturation, or ferritin: prospective cohort study.

Objectives: To test whether haemochromatosis C282Y homozygotes have increased risk of diabetes, liver disease, and heart disease even when they have normal plasma iron, transferrin saturation, or ferritin concentrations and to test whether C282Y homozygotes with diabetes, liver disease, or heart disease have increased mortality compared with non-carriers with these diseases.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Three Danish general population cohorts: the Copenhagen City Heart Study, the Copenhagen General Population Study, and the Danish General Suburban Population Study.

Occupational psychosocial stressors and ergonomic strain during pregnancy and sex-specific risk of childhood asthma.

Objectives: Previous studies have indicated that maternal occupational psychosocial stressors may affect the risk of asthma in the offspring, but their results are inconsistent. Maternal occupational ergonomic strain is associated with predictors of fetal lung development, including preterm birth and low birthweight; however, it is not known, whether ergonomic strain during pregnancy is a risk factor for asthma in offspring. The aim was to investigate maternal psychosocial stressors and ergonomic strain during pregnancy relative to the risk of offspring asthma.

Hidradenitis suppurativa pathogenesis: Extrinsic factors.

While genetic predisposition and immune dysregulation are recognized as key contributors to the development of hidradenitis suppurativa, accumulating research points to the influence of extrinsic factors in the pathogenesis of this condition. This review explores the roles of mechanical stress, altered skin and gut microbiome, tobacco smoking, diet, and paradoxical drug reactions as drivers of hidradenitis suppurativa onset and progression. A holistic management approach addressing these factors may be encouraged to improve disease outcomes.

Human subjects with impaired beta-cell function and glucose tolerance have higher levels of intra-islet intact GLP-1.

Aims: A number of studies have suggested that pancreatic α cells produce intact GLP-1, thereby constituting a gut-independent paracrine incretin system. However, the debate on whether human α cells contain intact GLP-1 and whether this relates to the presence of diabetes is still ongoing. This study aimed to determine the presence of proglucagon-derived peptides, including GLP-1 isoforms, in pancreas biopsies obtained during partial pancreatectomy from metabolically profiled human donors, stratified according to pre-surgery glucose tolerance.