Transcriptomic profiling of chronic hand eczema skin reveals shared immune pathways and molecular drivers across subtypes.

Background: Chronic hand eczema (CHE) is a common skin disease with different subtypes, but knowledge of the molecular patterns associated with each subtype is limited.

Objective: To characterize the CHE transcriptome across subtypes.

Methods: Using RNA-sequencing, we studied the transcriptome of 220 full-thickness skin biopsies collected from palms, dorsa, and arms from 96 patients with CHE and/or atopic dermatitis (AD) and 32 healthy controls.

To conjugate or not to conjugate? evaluating the potential use of cell-penetrating peptides for conjugation or complexation with oligonucleotides by surface plasmon resonance.

Oligonucleotides represent a class of molecules that exhibit remarkable therapeutic potential due to their unparalleled target specificity, yet they suffer from limited cellular uptake and lack of tissue selectivity. Extensive research is conducted with cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) as delivery excipients due to their ability to translocate across cellular membranes and deliver cargo into cells. This study aims to investigate an innovative approach to rapidly, and with small amounts of compound, analyze and compare complexation of CPPs to oligonucleotides.

Fate mapping in mouse demonstrates early secretory differentiation directly from Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells.

The intestinal epithelium has a remarkably high turnover in homeostasis. It remains unresolved how this is orchestrated at the cellular level and how the behavior of stem and progenitor cells ensures tissue maintenance. To address this, we combined quantitative fate mapping in three complementary mouse models with mathematical modeling and single-cell RNA sequencing.

Maternal autoimmune systemic connective tissue disease and vasculitis and electrocardiographic findings in the offspring.

Introduction: Maternal autoimmune systemic connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and their related antibodies have been associated with adverse fetal outcomes, including complete heart block. In this study, we assessed the association between maternal CTD or vasculitis and neonatal electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters.

Methods: Our study population was drawn from the Copenhagen Baby Heart Study (CBHS), a prospective, population-based cohort study open to all neonates born in the Copenhagen area.

New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing.

Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major pathogen for pigs, causing large economic losses to the swine industry. Moreover, this bacterium has a zoonotic potential, being capable of infecting humans in close contact with pigs or, less frequently, through contact with pork products.

A lightweight generative model for interpretable subject-level prediction.

Recent years have seen a growing interest in methods for predicting an unknown variable of interest, such as a subject's diagnosis, from medical images depicting its anatomical-functional effects. Methods based on discriminative modeling excel at making accurate predictions, but are challenged in their ability to explain their decisions in anatomically meaningful terms. In this paper, we propose a simple technique for single-subject prediction that is inherently interpretable.

Mapping the spatial transferability of knowledge-guided machine learning: Application to the prediction of drain flow fraction.

Machine learning (ML) methods continue to gain traction in hydrological sciences for predicting variables at large scales. Yet, the spatial transferability of these ML methods remains a critical yet underexamined aspect. We present a metamodel approach to obtain large-scale estimates of drain fraction at 10 m spatial resolution, using a ML algorithm (Gradient Boost Decision Tree).

The unequal adoption of ChatGPT exacerbates existing inequalities among workers.

We study the adoption of ChatGPT, the icon of Generative AI, using a large-scale survey linked to comprehensive register data in Denmark. Surveying 18,000 workers from 11 exposed occupations, we document that ChatGPT is widespread, especially among younger and less-experienced workers. However, substantial inequalities have emerged.

The 1831 CE mystery eruption identified as Zavaritskii caldera, Simushir Island (Kurils).

Polar ice cores and historical records evidence a large-magnitude volcanic eruption in 1831 CE. This event was estimated to have injected ~13 Tg of sulfur (S) into the stratosphere which produced various atmospheric optical phenomena and led to Northern Hemisphere climate cooling of ~1 °C. The source of this volcanic event remains enigmatic, though one hypothesis has linked it to a modest phreatomagmatic eruption of Ferdinandea in the Strait of Sicily, which may have emitted additional S through magma-crust interactions with evaporite rocks.

Epcoritamab plus GemOx in transplant-ineligible relapsed/refractory DLBCL: results from the EPCORE NHL-2 trial.

Patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have poor outcomes. Gemcitabine + oxaliplatin (GemOx) with rituximab, a standard salvage therapy, yields complete response (CR) rates of approximately 30% and median overall survival (OS) of 10-13 months. Patients with refractory disease fare worse, with a CR rate of 7% for subsequent therapies and median OS of 6 months.

Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a single test rule out biomarker for acute kidney injury: A cross-sectional study in patients admitted to the emergency department.

Objectives: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome with high mortality and morbidity in part due to delayed recognition based on changes in creatinine. A marker for AKI based on a single measurement is needed and therefore the performance of a single measurement of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (pNGAL) to predict AKI in patients admitted to the emergency department was tested.

Methods: Samples from the Triage study which included 6005 consecutive adult patients admitted to the emergency department were tested for pNGAL.

Rocking Motion Therapy for Delirious Patients in the ICU: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objectives: Rocking motion therapy has been shown to calm people with dementia but has never been investigated in delirious patients in the ICU. The aim of this clinical trial was to investigate the efficacy and safety of a rocking motion vs. nonrocking motion chair on the duration of delirium and intensity of agitation in ICU patients with delirium.

Rocking Motion Therapy for Delirious Patients in the ICU: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objectives: Rocking motion therapy has been shown to calm people with dementia but has never been investigated in delirious patients in the ICU. The aim of this clinical trial was to investigate the efficacy and safety of a rocking motion vs. nonrocking motion chair on the duration of delirium and intensity of agitation in ICU patients with delirium.

Obese Hypertensive Men Have Fasting Serum Concentrations of Leptin Similar to Those of Obese Normotensive Men.

Background: Leptin is a hormone which is secreted by the adipocytes. In the circulation, leptin levels are directly proportional to the body fat percentage. Studies have shown that higher leptin levels are associated with an increased risk of hypertension after adjusting for body mass index (BMI).

Variations and Opportunities in Postnatal Management of Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn.

Importance: Preventive efforts in pregnancy-related alloimmunization have considerably decreased the prevalence of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). International studies are therefore essential to obtain a deeper understanding of the postnatal management and outcomes of HDFN. Taken together with numerous treatment options, large practice variations among centers may exist.

A systematic review of salivary gland hypofunction and/or xerostomia induced by non-surgical cancer therapies: prevention strategies.

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to assess the updated literature for the prevention of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia induced by non-surgical cancer therapies.

Methods: Electronic databases of MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) that investigated interventions to prevent salivary gland hypofunction and/or xerostomia. Literature search began from the 2010 systematic review publications from the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) up to February 2024.

Sacubitril/valsartan versus valsartan initiation in patients naïve to renin-angiotensin system inhibitors: Insights from PARAGLIDE-HF.

Aims: Whether prior treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) modifies efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) in patients with heart failure (HF) and ejection fraction (EF) >40% is unclear, thus Sac/Val according to ACEi/ARB status at baseline was assessed.

Methods And Results: This was a pre-specified analysis of Prospective comparison of ARNI with ARB Given following stabiLization In DEcompensated HFpEF (PARAGLIDE-HF), a double-blind, randomized controlled trial of Sac/Val versus valsartan, categorizing patients according to baseline ACEi/ARB status. The primary endpoint was time-averaged proportional change in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) from baseline through weeks 4 and 8.

Induction of Erythropoietin by dietary Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol in Humans.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is pivotal in regulating red blood cell (erythrocyte) concentrations and is primarily synthesized in the kidney. Recent research has unveiled a possible link between elevated circulating concentrations of ketone bodies (KB) and circulating EPO concentrations, however, it is not known whether nutritionally induced endogenous ketogenesis can be a stimulus to induce EPO in humans. Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether acute and chronic intake of medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA)-containing triacylglycerol (MCT), which rapidly enhances endogenous circulating KB, would elevate circulating EPO concentrations in humans, as indicated by prior work with exogenous KB administration.

Comprehensive assessment as part of the assistive technology service delivery process.

Background: The assistive technology (AT) service delivery process is complex and includes a comprehensive assessment of the citizen's situation to inform decision making. This assessment is required by Danish law to ensure that citizens receive solutions matched to their needs, including other services than the AT.

Aim: To investigate how Danish occupational therapists, involved in the AT service delivery process, perform the comprehensive assessment.

Nuclear N-WASP Induces Actin Polymerization in the Nucleus with Cortactin as an Essential Factor.

Nuclear actin polymerization was reported to control different nuclear processes, but its regulation is poorly understood. Here, we show that N-WASP can trigger the formation of nuclear N-WASP/F-actin nodules. While a cancer hotspot mutant of N-WASP lacking the VCA domain (V418fs) had a dominant negative function on nuclear F-actin, an even shorter truncation mutant found in melanoma (R128*) strongly promoted nuclear actin polymerization.

Controlled Nutrient Delivery to Pancreatic Islets Using Polydopamine-Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles.

In this study, we designed a nanoscale platform for sustained amino acid delivery to support transplanted pancreatic islets. The platform features mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) loaded with glutamine (G), an essential amino acid required for islet survival and function, and coated with polydopamine (PD). We investigated various PD concentrations (0.

Impact of Digitalization in Dentistry on Technostress, Mental Health, and Job Satisfaction: A Quantitative Study.

The utilization of digital technologies in the field of dentistry is becoming increasingly prevalent. Such technologies facilitate more precise and efficient dental treatment while also enhancing the overall quality of care. The advent of digitalization has brought with it a plethora of advantages, yet it has also given rise to a number of potential challenges.

Mechanical circulatory support: when, how, and for whom.

Cardiogenic shock represents a critical condition in which the heart is unable to maintain adequate circulation leading to insufficient tissue perfusion and end-organ failure. Temporary mechanical circulatory support offers the potential to stabilize patients, provide a bridge-to-recovery, provide a bridge-to-decision, or facilitate definitive heart replacement therapies. Although randomized controlled trials have been performed in infarct-related cardiogenic shock and refractory cardiac arrest, the optimal timing, appropriate patient selection, and optimal implementation of these devices remain complex and predominantly based on observational data and expert consensus, especially in non-ischaemic shock.

10 Years of Mohs Micrographic Surgery in Denmark: Results from a Nationwide Cohort.

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin malignancy and constitutes a burden for patients and society. Mohs micrographic surgery is a recommended treatment for high-risk basal cell carcinoma, but long-term outcomes of Mohs micrographic surgery in Denmark are unknown. This study aimed to estimate the 5-year recurrence rate of basal cell carcinoma following Mohs micrographic surgery, and to investigate patient and procedure characteristics since the introduction of the procedure in Denmark.