Acetic acid versus toluidine blue as screening tools for oral potentially malignant disorders.

Background: Diagnostic adjuncts such as toluidine blue have been investigated as screening tools that improve visual examination of potentially malignant disorders (PMD) and oral cancer. Acetic acid has been reported to be of value in the early detection of cervical cancers. This study assessed the utility of 5% acetic acid as a diagnostic adjunct in oral PMD and compared the accuracy of acetic acid with toluidine blue in the detection of dysplastic PMD and high-risk lesions.

Senescence in oral lichen planus as assessed by the immunohistochemical evaluation of senescence marker protein-30 (Regucalcin).

Background: Oral lichen planus is a T-cell-mediated chronic inflammatory disease affecting approximately 1% to 2% of the population, the etiology of which is currently unknown. The objectives of this study were to observe if senescence occurs in oral lichen planus, through the assessment of the immunohistochemical expression of a novel marker for senescence called Senescence marker protein-30 or regucalcin, and compare the expression to that in oral lichenoid reaction and non-specific inflammation.

Subjects And Methods: The study material consisted of 30 cases of oral lichen planus, 15 cases of oral lichenoid reaction and 15 cases of non-specific inflammation.

Cephalometric analysis of parents of patients with cleft lip and/or palate.

Background: Cleft lip and/or palate (CL ± P) or isolated cleft palate (CP) are the most common congenital malformations of the face. Although there have been advances in prenatal diagnosis and the discovery of genetic markers, there has been no breakthrough in the identification of parents at risk of giving birth to a child with a cleft.

Aims: To determine a possible phenotypic difference in the craniofacial morphology of parents of children with CL ± P and to investigate whether cephalometric analysis can help identify parents at risk of giving birth to a child with a cleft.

Mistaken identity of polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma treated as periapical lesion in anterior maxilla: A case report.

This report presents a rare case of polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) in the anterior maxilla, mimicking a periapical lesion. A 56-year-old male reported with a painless swelling in the maxillary right canine-premolar region. The patient gave a history of root canal therapy for the same teeth one month ago.

Comparative Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Chlorhexidine and 810 nm Diode Laser in the Disinfection of Root Canals Contaminated With Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study.

Introduction: This study compared the antibacterial efficacy of three different root canal irrigants, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine and 810 nm diode laser and diode laser in combination with chlorhexidine in root canals contaminated with Methods: Fifty extracted mandibular first premolars were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction and cut at the apical end; biomechanical preparation was done, autoclaved and contaminated with  The specimens were divided into five groups containing 10 teeth each: group I: saline (negative control), group II: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, group III: 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution, group IV: diode laser, and group V: diode laser in combination with 2% chlorhexidine. Disinfection was carried out, after which dentinal shavings were collected from the specimens of each group.

Inter-observer reliability in cone-beam computed tomography assessment of the retromolar canal: A practical plan to improve diagnostic imaging.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate inter-observer reliability among observers with different levels of proficiency and the diagnostic imaging reliability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of the retromolar canal.

Materials And Methods: CBCT images of 307 patients were assessed for the presence of retromolar canals (RMCs) by 3 observers independently. Diagnoses were made twice by each observer at intervals of more than 3 weeks.

Quantification of sugar intake and mineralization of teeth in 13-15-year-old subjects - A pilot study.

Background: Dental caries begins with the initiation of demineralization which is a reversible process. Diet, especially intake of sugar, is an important aetiological factor for demineralization of enamel which eventually leads to caries.

Aim: This study aims to understand the quantitative relationship between sugar consumption and mineralization by finding out the change in mineralization of teeth as a result of the change in the sugar score.

Evaluation of effect of low level laser therapy with intracanal medicament on periapical healing: A randomised control trial.

Objective(s): Photobiomodulation, also commonly referred to as low level laser therapy (LLLT), uses light energy to elicit biological responses from the cell and normalise cell function. Using LLLT on bone has been demonstrated to be effective in modulating inflammation, accelerating bone cell proliferation and enhancing the healing process. The objectives of this study were to evaluate postoperative pain and periapical healing in two different groups.

Comparative evaluation of change in root canal shape and area in primary molars using ProTaper and K3 rotary systems: study.

Background: Rotary instrument techniques have shown evidence of simultaneously enlarging the root canal and maintaining the canal anatomy. Protocols for the use of rotary systems in primary molars are not well established.

Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare root canal shape and area after ProTaper and K3 rotary instrumentation in primary molars.

Caries Risk Assessment among School Going Young Adolescents in Sullia Taluk-Dakshina Kannada.

Background: Dental caries continue to be one among the major problems related to oral health in developing countries, that affects 60%-90% of school-aged children and adults. According to the WHO Global oral data bank in 2009 the point prevalence was 54% among 12 years old. Studies on prevalence conducted in Dakshina Kannada district reported a caries prevalence ranging from 32.

Comparative assessment of changes in pharyngeal airway space in cases of obstructive sleep apnoea with a customized mandibular repositioning appliance - a clinical study.

Objectives: The present study aims at evaluating the effects of a customized mandibular repositioning appliance on the pharyngeal airway, nocturnal sleep patterns, daytime discomfort and occlusal changes in established cases of adult obstructive sleep apnoea.

Material And Methods: Ten consecutive patients with a complaint of snoring and disturbed sleep were included in the study. The primary diagnosis was established by the Epworth sleepiness scale, clinical examination, history and subsequently the diagnosis was substantiated through assessment of the pharyngeal airway space on a lateral cephalogram and polysomnography.

Comparison of laser therapy and ozonated water on gingival inflammation in orthodontic patients with fixed appliances.

Background: There is an increased prevalence of oral ailments such as dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis when orthodontic therapy is administered. Poor oral hygiene in conjunction with the placement of fixed orthodontic appliances is considered a significant factor in raising accumulation of bacterial plaque and its associated inflammatory response.

Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare laser therapy with subgingival irrigation using ozonated water on gingivitis in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment and to ascertain the presence of the inflammatory marker monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).

Comparative Evaluation of Sclerostin Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis Patients Using Diode Laser as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing: A Clinico-biochemical Study.

Aims: Sclerostin is an inhibitor of bone formation, and laser irradiation enhances osteoblast proliferation. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sclerostin level and clinical parameters of chronic periodontitis patients following the application of diode laser (810 nm) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP).

Subjects And Methods: Fifteen systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients (age 35-55 years) with probing pocket depth ≥5mm were included in this split-mouth study.

Effect of Chlorhexidine and Probiotics on Halitosis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of chemical method of oral hygiene practice, chlorhexidine (CHX) disinfection, and the followed consumption of probiotics on oral malodor in children. The effects of chemical and mechanical oral hygiene practice methods on the intensity of oral malodor were also evaluated.

Materials And Methods: Organoleptic test (OLT) scores of 2 or more of 196 children were randomly allocated to four groups: 1: Conventional oral hygiene practices (COH) including flossing and tooth brushing, 2: COH + tongue scraping (TS), 3: COH + TS + CHX, and 4: COH + TS + CHX + probiotics.

Effects of smoking on oral health: Awareness among dental patients and their attitude towards its cessation.

Context: Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of preventable premature mortality in the world. Smoking is also detrimental to oral health, causing unaesthetic tooth staining, bad breath, periodontal diseases, impaired healing of wounds, increased risk of dental implant failure, precancerous conditions and oral cancer.

Aims: To assess the awareness of the effects of smoking on oral health among smokers in Mangalore city and to assess the smoker's willingness to quit smoking.

Evaluation of gingival tissue samples for predicting the time of death using histological and biochemical tests.

Thanatochemistry also known as chemistry of death and is used to determine post mortem interval (PMI). It is arguably one of the critical steps in forensic investigation. Recent addition of analyzing biochemical changes along with the traditional methods have gained importance, as they help us to record very early changes in the tissue specimens.

Comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Probiotics SK12 and SM18: An Study.

Aim: To assess the antimicrobial activity of probiotics SK12 and SM18 on and also to compare the antimicrobial activity of SK12 and SM18.

Materials And Methods: Synthetic strains of were used to study the antimicrobial activity of probiotics SK12 and SM18 using various tests such as disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). In disk diffusion, the zone of inhibition was measured to assess the antimicrobial activity.

Comparative evaluation of remineralizing potential of commercially available agents MI paste, Remin pro, and Clinpro using Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray: An study.

Background: According to recent approaches, the prevention of initial dental caries is achieved using certain noninvasive methods. One such method is the topical application of remineralizing agents. Various remineralizing products are commercially available, but their efficacy is uncertain.

Fracture Resistance of Reattached Hydrated Fragment of Fractured Incisors.

Background And Objectives: Fragment reattachment procedure provides conservative treatment option when an intact fractured fragment is available. Rewetting of fractured fragment before reattaching has shown better bond strength of attached fragment. Therefore, fracture resistance of reattached fractured fragment with hydration and without hydration was evaluated and compared.

evaluation of milk-based, soy-based, and amino acid-based infant formulas on biofilm formation.

Background And Objective: Infant formulas are based on milk, and the addition of simple carbohydrates as a caloric source, for infants. The carbohydrates added in infant formulas can cause a significant increase of Streptococcus mutans in the oral cavity of infants adding to their cariogenicity.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess and compare the biofilm formation in three commercially available infant formulas;which are based on milk, soy and amino acid.

Morphological comparison of internal auditory canal diverticula in the presence and absence of otospongiosis on computed tomography and their impact on patterns of hearing loss.

Purpose: The association of internal auditory canal (IAC) fundal diverticula with otospongiosis (OS) and their clinical significance remain unclear. We explored whether isolated IAC diverticula were morphologically different from those with additional CT features of OS, and whether IAC diverticula morphology influenced patterns of hearing loss.

Methods: Consecutive temporal bone CT studies with (n = 978) and without (n = 306) features of OS were retrospectively assessed.

Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Postsurgical Oral Prophylactic Antibiotic Versus Antimicrobial Suture Placement Alone in Preventing Surgical Site Infection After Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of postsurgical oral prophylactic antibiotic versus antimicrobial suture placement in preventing infection after removal of an impacted mandibular third molar.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective, single-blind study including 150 individuals of 18-40 years divided into two groups with 75 patients each. The patients in Group 1 were administered oral amoxicillin tablets 500 mg for 5 days postsurgery with 3-0 polyglactin sutures for closure and in group 2 with (3-0) antimicrobial chlorhexidine diacetate-impregnated polyglactin sutures only.

Bee wax and honey-a primer for OMFS.

Beeswax is the natural secretion from the wax gland of the genus Apis mellifera and Apis cerana whereas honey is a by-product of flower nectar and the upper aero-digestive tract of the honey bee. The introduction of beeswax and honey to clinical use dates back to the fourteenth century but subsequently it was restricted to the cosmetic and food industry. With the emerging trend of using natural resources as cure for many diseases, beeswax and honey have regained its popularity in medical field.

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma: A case report.

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma (DA) is a rare variant of ameloblastoma, accounting for approximately 4 to 13% of ameloblastomas. It is uncommon, aggressive in nature, and there are high chances of misdiagnosis. Clinical and radiographical features are similar to fibro-osseous lesions of jaw.