Anesthesia and postpartum pain management for placenta accreta spectrum: The patient perspective and recommendations for care.

Objective: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a high-risk complication of pregnancy, which often requires complex surgical intervention. There is limited literature on the patient experience during the perioperative period and postpartum pain management for PAS. Therefore, this study aims to explore the patient perspective of anesthesia care.

Anesthesia and postpartum pain management for placenta accreta spectrum: The healthcare provider perspective.

Objective: To explore the management and experiences of healthcare providers around anesthetic care in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).

Methods: This descriptive survey study was carried out over a 6-week period between January and March 2023. Healthcare providers, both anesthesiologists and those involved in operative care for women with PAS, were invited to participate.

Machine Learning Detects Intraventricular Haemorrhage in Extremely Preterm Infants.

Objective: To test the potential utility of applying machine learning methods to regional cerebral (rcSO) and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO) signals to detect brain injury in extremely preterm infants.

Study Design: A subset of infants enrolled in the Management of Hypotension in Preterm infants (HIP) trial were analysed ( = 46). All eligible infants were <28 weeks' gestational age and had continuous rcSO measurements performed over the first 72 h and cranial ultrasounds performed during the first week after birth.

Prospective cohort study of water immersion for labour and birth compared with standard care in an Irish maternity setting.

Objective: To examine the birth outcomes for women and babies following water immersion for labour only, or for labour and birth.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Maternity hospital, Ireland, 2016-2019.

Membrane sweeping for induction of labour.

Background: Induction of labour involves stimulating uterine contractions artificially to promote the onset of labour. There are several pharmacological, surgical and mechanical methods used to induce labour. Membrane sweeping is a mechanical technique whereby a clinician inserts one or two fingers into the cervix and using a continuous circular sweeping motion detaches the inferior pole of the membranes from the lower uterine segment.

Aspirin and P2Y12 inhibition attenuate platelet-induced ovarian cancer cell invasion.

Background: Platelet-cancer cell interactions play a key role in successful haematogenous metastasis. Disseminated malignancy is the leading cause of death among ovarian cancer patients. It is unknown why different ovarian cancers have different metastatic phenotypes.

Rapid viral rebound after 4 years of suppressive therapy in a seronegative HIV-1 infected infant treated from birth.

Attention has focused on the possibility of cure for HIV infected infants if treated promptly after delivery. The "Mississippi baby," who had very prolonged remission after antiretroviral discontinuation, may represent a unique situation. We report an infant treated from birth, who seroreverted, remained virologically suppressed, and had undetectable HIV-1 RNA and DNA at 4 years of age, yet experienced virologic rebound within days of discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy.

Teenage pregnancy in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Younger maternal age at delivery has been linked to adverse reproductive outcomes. Pregnancy complicated by type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is also associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Optimising diabetic glycaemic control prior to pregnancy is known to reduce the rate of congenital abnormalities and improve pregnancy outcomes.

Human papillomavirus vaccination in the prevention of cervical neoplasia.

Cervical cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality for women worldwide. Although the introduction of comprehensive screening programs has reduced the disease incidence in developed countries, it remains a major problem in the developing world. The recent licensing of 2 vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and HPV-18, the viruses responsible for 70% of cervical cancer cases, offers the hope of disease prevention.

Gene expression profiling in cervical cancer: identification of novel markers for disease diagnosis and therapy.

Cervical cancer, a potentially preventable disease, remains the second most common malignancy in women worldwide. Human papillomavirus is the single most important etiological agent in cervical cancer. HPV contributes to neoplastic progression through the action of two viral oncoproteins E6 and E7, which interfere with critical cell cycle pathways, p53, and retinoblastoma.

Management of acute procedural pain in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Neonates experience pain and may be more sensitive to it. Our objective was to assess pain management strategies in Irish neonatal units. We performed a cross-sectional telephone survey of all twenty neonatal units in the Republic of Ireland.

A randomised controlled trial of routine versus restrictive use of episiotomy at operative vaginal delivery: a multicentre pilot study.

Objective: To compare the maternal and neonatal outcomes of operative vaginal delivery in relation to the use of episiotomy.

Design: Pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT).

Setting: Two urban maternity units in Scotland and England.

A comparison of blood pressure measurements in newborns.

Blood pressure monitoring is an essential component of neonatal intensive care. We compared invasive and noninvasive (Dinamap, Marquette, and Dash) recordings in newborns and also noninvasive values obtained from upper and lower limbs. Infants' blood pressure was recorded every 6 hours for 72 hours using three noninvasive devices and compared with invasive readings taken simultaneously.

A randomised controlled trial of oxytocin 5IU and placebo infusion versus oxytocin 5IU and 30IU infusion for the control of blood loss at elective caesarean section--pilot study. ISRCTN 40302163.

Objective: To compare the blood loss at elective lower segment caesarean section with administration of oxytocin 5IU bolus versus oxytocin 5IU bolus and oxytocin 30IU infusion and to establish whether a large multi-centre trial is feasible.

Study Design: Women booked for an elective caesarean section were recruited to a pilot randomised controlled trial and randomised to either oxytocin 5IU bolus and placebo infusion or oxytocin 5IU bolus and oxytocin 30IU infusion. We wished to establish whether the study design was feasible and acceptable and to establish sample size estimates for a definitive multi-centre trial.

Continuation of metformin in the first trimester of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome is not associated with increased perinatal morbidity.

This study aimed to assess the perinatal outcome, especially foetal growth, following the continuation of metformin during the first trimester of pregnancy. All women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) treated with metformin in the first trimester and who delivered a baby weighing 500 g or more between 2003 and 2005 were studied. Subjects were matched for age and parity with randomly selected controls.

Comparative study on the outcome of obstetric cholestasis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and outcomes of obstetric cholestasis (OC) and the significance of measuring total bile acid (TBA) to aid diagnosis.

Methods: This study was conducted over a 27-month period at a tertiary referral maternity hospital (>8000 deliveries annually). In the study period, 753 women presented with pruritus of no specific origin.

Antifungal prophylaxis for the prevention of neonatal candidiasis?

Background: Randomized controlled trials suggest that prophylactic administration of antifungal agents reduce the rate of colonization and invasive Candida infection in a subgroup of high-risk very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates. The extent of antifungal prophylaxis use in the United Kingdom and Ireland is unknown.

Methods: A postal questionnaire was administered to neonatologists practicing in the United Kingdom and Ireland caring for VLBW infants.

Specific timing for colposcopy: is it worthwhile?

Objective: To estimate if the time of the menstrual cycle would improve the chance of seeing the squamocolumnar junction at colposcopy.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 1,248 patients with normal menstrual cycles who attended our colposcopy clinic between 2003 and 2007. Timing of colposcopy, parity, contraception, smoking status, and visibility of the transformation zone were recorded for analysis.

Chlamydia trachomatis detection in cervical PreservCyt specimens from an Irish urban female population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in urban women undergoing routine cervical cytological screening and to investigate the relationship with age, cytology, smoking status and concurrent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

Methods: A total of 996 women (age range 16-69 years) attending general practitioners for routine liquid-based cervical smear screening in the Dublin area were recruited in the study of prevalence of C. trachomatis.

Low superior vena cava flow on day 1 and adverse outcome in the very low birthweight infant.

Background: Superior vena cava (SVC) flow assesses blood flow from the upper body, and may provide a reliable assessment of systemic blood flow.

Aim: (i) To assess the relationship between SVC flow in first 24 h and adverse outcome in very low birthweight (VLBW) infants (ii) To assess correlation between SVC flow and left and right ventricular outputs and anterior cerebral artery (ACA) velocity measurements.

Methods: A prospective, observational cohort study.

Gene discovery in cervical cancer : towards diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers.

Cervical cancer is a potentially preventable disease; however, it remains the second most common malignancy in women worldwide. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the single most important etiological agent in cervical cancer. HPV contributes to neoplastic progression through the action of two viral oncoproteins E6 and E7, which interfere with critical cell cycle pathways, tumor protein p53, and retinoblastoma protein.

WITHDRAWN: Interventions for preventing or improving the outcome of delivery at or beyond term.

Background: Perinatal mortality and morbidity is increased in pregnancies of more than 42 weeks that are otherwise low risk.

Objectives: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of interventions aimed at either reducing the incidence or improving the outcome of post-term pregnancy.

Search Strategy: The Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register was searched.