Integrating LC-MS/MS and In Silico Methods to Uncover Bioactive Compounds with Lipase Inhibitory Potential in the Antarctic Moss Warnstorfia fontinaliopsis.

Antarctic organisms are known for producing unique secondary metabolites, and this study specifically focuses on the less-explored metabolites of the moss Warnstorfia fontinaliopsis. To evaluate their potential bioactivity, we extracted secondary metabolites using four different solvents and identified significant lipase inhibitory activity in the methanol extract. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on this extract predicted the presence of 12 compounds, including several not previously reported in mosses.

Unveiling the Diverse Principles for Developing Sprayable Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications.

Sprayable hydrogels have emerged as a transformative innovation in biomedical technology, offering a versatile, efficient, and minimally invasive platform for various clinical applications. They form gels upon tissue contact, enabling seamless application on even complex surfaces. This property is especially useful in wound care, drug delivery, and tissue engineering, where localized and sustained release of therapeutics is essential.

3D Bioprintable Self-Healing Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel with Cysteamine Grafting for Tissue Engineering.

The abundance of hyaluronic acid (HA) in human tissues attracts its thorough research in tissue regenerating scaffolds and 3D bioprintable hydrogel preparation. Though methacrylation of HA can lead to photo-crosslinkable hydrogels, the catalyst has toxicity concerns, and the hydrogel is not suitable for creating stable complex 3D structures using extrusion 3D bioprinting. In this study, a dual crosslinking on methacrylated HA is introduced, using cysteamine-grafted HA and varying concentrations of 2-hydroxy ethyl acrylate.

Impact of Bindarit, a CCL2 Chemokine Synthesis Inhibitor, on Macrophage-Based Biofouling and Continuous Glucose Monitoring .

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) using implantable glucose sensors is a critical tool in the management of diabetes. Unfortunately, current commercial glucose sensors have limited performance and lifespans , considered to be due to sensor-induced tissue reactions (inflammation, fibrosis, and vessel regression). Previously, our laboratory utilized monocyte/macrophage (Mo/MQ) deficient and depleted mice to establish a causal relationship between Mo/MQ accumulation and inflammation in glucose sensor performance .

USP21-EGFR signaling axis is functionally implicated in metastatic colorectal cancer.

The emerging role of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21) in stabilizing Fra-1 (FOSL1) highlights its involvement in promoting colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. Additionally, a reciprocal link between EGFR signaling and Fra-1 activation has been identified, mediated through matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). However, the functional implications of the USP21-EGFR signaling axis in metastatic CRC (mCRC) are not fully understood.

Development of a forest healing program for individuals with musculoskeletal disease risk and verification of its preventive effects.

Preventive treatment is crucial in averting the onset of musculoskeletal diseases, particularly among individuals in high-stress occupations. This study aimed to develop a forest healing program and a standardized survey index to gauge its efficacy in mitigating stress and preventing musculoskeletal disorders. Service-oriented workers who engage in repetitive tasks but are not traditional office workers at risk of musculoskeletal issues were recruited.

Changes in nutritional compositions and digestive enzyme inhibitions of isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves at different stages (drying, steaming, and fermentation) of food processing.

Isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves (IESLs) were processed for drying, steaming, and fermentation, and bioactive compounds and biological activities were analyzed. During food processing, the content of fatty acids, water-soluble vitamins, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and isoflavone-aglycones increased from dried IESLs (DrIESLs) to fermented IESLs (FeIESLs). Especially, oleic acid (53.

One-touch embeddable microneedles for hair loss treatment.

With increasing clinical demands for painless and easy administration of medications, such as for hair loss, microneedles (MNs) have been widely exploited for facilitating drug permeation in a minimally invasive manner. However, precise dose control and long-term drug delivery without the infection risk through punctured holes have remained unresolved. Herein, we developed swellable microneedles (MNs) with an air-pocket structure, enabling shear-induced implantation inside the skin.

Motion Accuracy of Pneumatic Stepper Motor-Driven Robotic System Developed for MRI-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Treatment of Prostate Disease.

The latest advancement in high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment technology integrates magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance for precise treatment of prostate disease. As conventional electromagnetic motors are not applicable for utilization within MRI scanners, we have developed a prototype robotic system driven by pneumatic stepper motors to control the movement of the HIFU transducer within an intrarectal probe during MRI-guided HIFU treatment procedures. These pneumatic stepper motors were constructed entirely from MRI-compatible plastic materials.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Fermented and Aged Mountain-Cultivated Ginseng Sprouts via Suppression of MAPK-NF-κB Pathway in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages.

Fermented and aged mountain-cultivated ginseng sprouts (FAMCGS) exhibit superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties compared to mountain-cultivated ginseng sprouts (MCGS). However, the mechanisms behind these properties of FAMCGSE remain unclear. This study explores the anti-inflammatory effects of FAMCGS extract (FAMCGSE) on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.

Association of diabetes risk with changes in memory, working memory, and processing speed among older adults.

Background: This study investigated the risk of diabetes by examining changes in memory, working memory, and processing speed among older adults to provide evidence on how each cognitive domain is associated with the risk of diabetes in older adults.

Methods: This study used Health and Retirement Study data and tracked the respondents from 2012 to 2020 ( = 5,748). The Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-27 includes three cognitive tests (recall, seven subtraction, and counting backward tests) to assess each cognitive domain.

Comparative genomics based exploration of xenobiotic degradation patterns in , , and isolated from diverse ecological habitats.

Xenobiotics pose a substantial threat to environmental integrity by disrupting normal ecosystems. The genus , known for its metabolic versatility can degrade several xenobiotic compounds. strains have also undergone frequent taxonomic revisions and reclassifications to strains including and .

Gelatin-alginate hydrogel for near-field electrospinning assisted 3D and 4-axis bioprinting.

A near-field electrospinnable and three-dimensional (3D) bioprintable gelatin-alginate hydrogel was synthesized by controlling a moderate amount of alginate and a limited amount of crosslinker, tannic acid. This cytocompatible gelatin-alginate tough hydrogel exhibited excellent shape fidelity, a self-standing height exceeding 20 mm, and the capability for multilayer and four-axis 3D printing of complex scaffold shapes. The control of gel strength and rheology enables this hydrogel for successful stretching extrusion under an electric field in near-field electrospinning-induced 3D printing and four-axis printing.

Phase 1 Study of Adjuvant Allogeneic Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-Transduced Pancreatic Tumor Cell Vaccine, Low-Dose Cyclophosphamide, and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Followed by FOLFIRINOX in High-Risk Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Local and distant progression remains common following resection of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) despite adjuvant multiagent chemotherapy. We report a prospective institutional phase 1 trial incorporating adjuvant GVAX vaccine, low-dose cyclophosphamide (Cy), and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by FOLFIRINOX (FFX) among patients who underwent resection of high-risk PDAC.

Patients And Methods: The study design was a modified 3+3.

Maturation of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are organized collections of B and T lymphocytes that arise in nonlymphoid tissue in response to chronic, unresolved inflammation. TLS have structural and functional similarities to germinal centers found in lymph nodes and are believed to support the establishment of lymph node-like adaptive immune responses at local sites of inflammation. However, understanding of the underlying biology of these structures remains limited, particularly the different stages of TLS life cycle and the signals governing the initiation, maturation, and termination of TLS.

Functional characterization and unraveling the structural determinants of novel steroid hydroxylase CYP154C7 from sp. PAMC26508.

This study characterized cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP154C7 from sp. PAMC26508, emphasizing its capability to hydroxylate steroids, especially at the 16α-position. The enzymatic assay of CYP154C7 demonstrated effective conversion across a pH range of 7.

Deep Learning Models for Anatomical Location Classification in Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Images and Videos: A Quantitative Evaluation with Clinical Data.

Background/objectives: During gastroscopy, accurately identifying the anatomical locations of the gastrointestinal tract is crucial for developing diagnostic aids, such as lesion localization and blind spot alerts.

Methods: This study utilized a dataset of 31,403 still images from 1000 patients with normal findings to annotate the anatomical locations within the images and develop a classification model. The model was then applied to videos of 20 esophagogastroduodenoscopy procedures, where it was validated for real-time location prediction.

Highly Multiplexed Immunofluorescence PhenoCycler Panel for Murine Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissues Yields Insight Into Tumor Microenvironment Immunoengineering.

Spatial proteomics profiling is an emerging set of technologies that has the potential to elucidate the cell types, interactions, and molecular signatures that make up complex tissue microenvironments, with applications in the study of cancer, immunity, and much more. An emerging technique in the field is CoDetection by indEXing, recently renamed as the PhenoCycler system. This is a highly multiplexed immunofluorescence imaging technology that relies on oligonucleotide-barcoded antibodies and cyclic immunofluorescence to visualize many antibody markers in a single specimen while preserving tissue architecture.

Simultaneous processing of both handheld biomixing and biowriting of kombucha cultured pre-crosslinked nanocellulose bioink for regeneration of irregular and multi-layered tissue defects.

The nanocellulosic pellicle derived from the symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (Kombucha SCOBY) is an important biomaterial for 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering. However, this nanocellulosic hydrogel has a highly entangled gel network. This needs to be partially modified to improve its processability and extrusion ability for its applications in the 3D bioprinting area.

GTransCYPs: an improved graph transformer neural network with attention pooling for reliably predicting CYP450 inhibitors.

State‑of‑the‑art medical studies proved that predicting CYP450 enzyme inhibitors is beneficial in the early stage of drug discovery. However, accurate machine learning-based (ML) in silico methods for predicting CYP450 inhibitors remains challenging. Here, we introduce GTransCYPs, an improved graph neural network (GNN) with a transformer mechanism for predicting CYP450 inhibitors.

SpliceMutr Enables Pan-Cancer Analysis of Splicing-Derived Neoantigen Burden in Tumors.

SpliceMutr shows that splicing antigenicity changes in response to ICI therapies and that native modulation of the splicing machinery through mutations increases the contribution of splicing to the neoantigen load of some The Cancer Genome Atlas cancer subtypes. Future studies of the relationship between splicing antigenicity and immune checkpoint inhibitor response pan-cancer are essential to establish the interplay between antigen heterogeneity and immunotherapy regimen on patient response.

Pancreatic cancer is feeling the heat.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered an immunologically 'cold' tumor that fails to attract or support effector T cells. Most PDACs are resistant to immune checkpoint blockade due to the complex signaling pathways that exist within its tumor microenvironment. Recent advances in genomic and proteomic technology advances are finally uncovering the complex inflammatory cellular and intercellular signals that require modulation and reprogramming.