Cerebrolysin Induces Motor Recovery Along with Plastic Changes in Motoneurons and an Increase in GAP43 Protein in the Ventral Spinal Cord Following a Kainic Acid Excitotoxic Lesion in the Rat Motor Cortex.

Lesions in the motor cortex induced by contusions or pathological insults can exert the degeneration of afferent neurons lying distal to these lesions. Axon degeneration and demyelination are hallmarks of several diseases sharing pathophysiological and clinical characteristics. These conditions are very disabling due to the disruption of motor abilities, with lesions that affect this area proving to be a therapeutic challenge, which has driven increasing efforts to search for treatments.

Maxillofacial Injury Patterns in Road Traffic Accidents- Clinical and Radiological Evaluation.

To know the clinical signs and radiological findings of different types of maxillofacial fractures following facial trauma in road traffic accidents. In this retrospective study, the medical records and computerized tomography scans of 100 patients who have sustained facial fractures in road traffic accident during 2021-2022 were reviewed at Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences, Raichur; for maxillofacial fractures. Data was tabulated and statistically analysed using SPSS software version 21.

A real-world disproportionality analysis of FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) events for avatrombopag.

Avatrombopag is a next-generation thrombopoietin receptor agonist approved for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic liver disease scheduled to undergo surgery and thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia. However, realistic data on its post-marketing long-term safety and tolerability in large sample populations are incomplete. The adverse event (AE) reports of avatrombopag were analyzed based on the FAERS database.

Bleeding and Bruising: Primary Care Evaluation.

Easy bruising and bleeding are commonly seen in primary care. Use of a bleeding assessment tool and a comprehensive history, physical examination, and patient-provided photographs can help identify causes of abnormal bleeding and bruising. Family history can aid diagnosis of a heritable cause.

An updated review for clinical and radiological predictors of acute intraparenchymal hematoma progression in cerebral contusion.

Backgrounds: The rapid expansion of an intraparenchymal hematoma following cerebral contusion often results in high mortality rates and a poor prognosis. Effective tools are essential for predicting and monitoring the incidence of traumatic intraparenchymal hematoma (tICH) and identifying patients at high risk of tICH expansion. This enables timely surgical interventions and appropriate medical management.

Healing Process of Old Mandibular Condylar Head Fractures: A Report of Two Cases.

A condylar head fracture in the mandible is often misdiagnosed as a contusion of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Moreover, they are often overlooked by general practitioners as the fragments are small, making them difficult to identify. This report describes 2 cases of old mandibular condylar head fractures: one involving an 84-year-old woman referred to our dental office with suspected medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw; and another involving a 23-year-old man who visited with the chief complaint of slight pain in the left TMJ.

The potential of long non-coding RNAs for motor function recovery after spinal cord injury in rodents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have garnered significant attention in preclinical studies for their potential in treating spinal cord injury (SCI). This meta-analysis aimed to assess the overall efficacy of lncRNA treatments in improving motor function in rodent models of SCI.

Methods: The Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched.

Predicting life-threatening hemoptysis in traumatic pulmonary parenchymal injury using computed tomography semi-automated lung volume quantification.

Objectives: Chest computed tomography (CT) can diagnose and assess the severity of pulmonary contusions. However, in cases of severe lung contusion, the total lung volume ratio may not accurately predict severity. This study investigated the association between life-threatening hemoptysis and chest CT imaging data on arrival at the emergency department in patients with pulmonary contusions or lacerations due to blunt chest injury.

Identifying latent subgroups of primary head injury: an explorative latent class analysis on neuropathologically examined medico-legal autopsy cases.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant global health concern and frequently encountered in medico-legal autopsies. Previous studies suggest that certain TBI subtypes are more likely to co-occur than others. Therefore, we aimed to explore the potential of latent class analysis (LCA) to identify and characterize primary head injury combinations in neuropathologically examined medico-legal autopsy cases.

Multicenter epidemiological analysis of related factors in 10,808 hospitalized children with lower limb and pelvic fractures in China.

To analyze the causes, locations, associated injuries, and relevant factors of lower limb and pelvic fractures in hospitalized children in China to provide a theoretical basis for reducing the incidence of such fractures. A retrospective analysis of children with lower limb and pelvic fractures admitted to 27 tertiary children's hospitals affiliated with China's Futang Research Center of Pediatric Development between December 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019, was conducted. Inpatient cases were analyzed in the following age groups: Infants (< 2 years), Preschool children (2-5 years), School children (6-11 years), and Adolescents (12-18 years).

Muscle-restricted knockout of connexin 43 and connexin 45 accelerates and improves locomotor recovery after contusion spinal cord injury.

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in the disruption of physiological systems below the level of the spinal lesion. Connexin hemichannels (CxHCs) are membrane-bound, non-selective pore proteins that are lost in mature myofibers but reappear on the sarcolemma after peripheral denervation, chronic SCI, diabetes, and severe systemic stress such as sepsis. Cx43 and Cx45 have been implicated as the major CxHCs present in diseased muscle, and muscle-restricted knockout of these genes reduces muscle atrophy after denervation, likely by reducing excess calcium influx with resultant inflammasome activation.

Traumatic Posterior Fossa Acute Epidural Hematoma with Frontal Hemorrhagic Contusion in a 25-Year-Old Male: Immediate Craniotomy and Successful Recovery.

Traumatic posterior fossa extradural hematoma (PFEDH) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. It is characterized by the accumulation of blood between the dura mater and occipital bone, leading to compression of the brainstem. We report the case of a 25-year-old male who presented to the emergency department following a fall, exhibiting confusion and a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 14.

Injury epidemiology and emergency department length of stay in trauma hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Injuries are a major cause of health problems in low- and middle-income countries than in high-income nations. This study aimed to describe injuries and identify factors associated with the emergency department (ED) length of stay (LoS).

Methods: This study was conducted at the Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency, and Trauma (AaBET) hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Disparities in casemix, acute interventions, discharge destinations and mortality of patients with traumatic brain injury between Europe and India.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global health problem that disproportionally affects low- and middle-income countries. The needs for patients with TBI therefore may differ between levels of national development. We aimed to describe differences in epidemiology and acute care provision of TBI between India and Europe.

Early removal of transorbital penetrating traumatic brain injury by a wooden object: a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Transorbital penetrating traumatic brain injury (TPTBI) is a rare cause of penetrating head injury, yet the diagnoses can be overlooked in some cases due to incomplete history, trivial trauma, and the absence of immediate neurologic deficits.

Case Presentation: A 4-year-old male child was admitted with a diagnosis of TPTBI by a wooden object. Noncontrast enhanced CT scan revealed a linear hypodense structure extending from the superior wall of the right orbit into the frontal lobe with displaced fragments into the brain.

Exploiting blood-based biomarkers to align preclinical models with human traumatic brain injury.

Rodent models are important research tools for studying the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and developing new therapeutic interventions for this devastating neurological disorder. However, the failure rate for the translation of drugs from animal testing to human treatments for TBI is 100%. While there are several potential explanations for this, previous clinical trials have relied on extrapolation from preclinical studies for critical design considerations, including drug dose optimization, post-injury drug treatment initiation and duration.