A Gold(I)-Acetylene Complex Synthesised using Single-Crystal Reactivity.

Using single-crystal to single-crystal solid/gas reactivity the gold(I) acetylene complex [Au(L1)(η-HC≡CH)][BAr ] is cleanly synthesized by addition of acetylene gas to single crystals of [Au(L1)(CO)][BAr ] [L1=tris-2-(4,4'-di-tert-butylbiphenyl)phosphine, Ar=3,5-(CF)CH]. This simplest gold-alkyne complex has been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy and periodic DFT. Bonding of HC≡CH with [Au(L1)] comprises both σ-donation and π-backdonation with additional dispersion interactions within the cavity-shaped phosphine.

Tree diversity enhances predation by birds but not by arthropods across climate gradients.

Tree diversity can promote both predator abundance and diversity. However, whether this translates into increased predation and top-down control of herbivores across predator taxonomic groups and contrasting environmental conditions remains unresolved. We used a global network of tree diversity experiments (TreeDivNet) spread across three continents and three biomes to test the effects of tree species richness on predation across varying climatic conditions of temperature and precipitation.

A Scalable Pseudonymization Tool for Rapid Deployment in Large Biomedical Research Networks: Development and Evaluation Study.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has demonstrated once again that rapid collaborative research is essential for the future of biomedicine. Large research networks are needed to collect, share, and reuse data and biosamples to generate collaborative evidence. However, setting up such networks is often complex and time-consuming, as common tools and policies are needed to ensure interoperability and the required flows of data and samples, especially for handling personal data and the associated data protection issues.

Strong Light-Matter Coupling in Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dot Solids.

Strong coupling between lead halide perovskite materials and optical resonators enables both polaritonic control of the photophysical properties of these emerging semiconductors and the observation of fundamental physical phenomena. However, the difficulty in achieving optical-quality perovskite quantum dot (PQD) films showing well-defined excitonic transitions has prevented the study of strong light-matter coupling in these materials, central to the field of optoelectronics. Herein we demonstrate the formation at room temperature of multiple cavity exciton-polaritons in metallic resonators embedding highly transparent Cesium Lead Bromide quantum dot (CsPbBr-QD) solids, revealed by a significant reconfiguration of the absorption and emission properties of the system.

A systematic review on the excess health risk of antibiotic-resistant bloodstream infections for six key pathogens in Europe.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat, which requires novel intervention strategies, for which priority pathogens and settings need to be determined.

Objectives: We evaluated pathogen-specific excess health burden of drug-resistant bloodstream infections (BSIs) in Europe.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Biodiversity and pollination benefits trade off against profit in an intensive farming system.

Agricultural expansion and intensification have boosted global food production but have come at the cost of environmental degradation and biodiversity loss. Biodiversity-friendly farming that boosts ecosystem services, such as pollination and natural pest control, is widely being advocated to maintain and improve agricultural productivity while safeguarding biodiversity. A vast body of evidence showing the agronomic benefits of enhanced ecosystem service delivery represent important incentives to adopt practices enhancing biodiversity.

A Cavity-Shaped Gold(I) Fragment Enables CO Insertion into Au-OH and Au-NH Bonds.

A cavity-shaped linear gold(I) hydroxide complex acts as a platform to access unusual gold monomeric species. Notably, this sterically crowded gold fragment enables the trapping of CO via insertion into Au-OH and Au-NH bonds to form unprecedented monomeric gold(I) carbonate and carbamate complexes. In addition, we succeeded in the identification of the first gold(I) terminal hydride bearing a phosphine ligand.

Estimation of mobility and population in Spain during different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic from mobile phone data.

This work aims to find out the effectiveness of sources based on Big Data like mobile phone records to analyze mobility flows and changes in the population of Spain in different scenarios during the period of the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus. To this end, we have used mobile phone data provided by the National Institute of Statistics from four days corresponding to different phases of the pandemic. Origin-Destination matrices and population estimation calculations at the spatial level of population cells have been elaborated.

A Concise Diastereoselective Total Synthesis of α-Ambrinol.

(-)--α-Ambrinol is a natural product present in ambergris, a substance of marine origin that has been highly valued by perfumers. In this paper, we present a new approach to its total synthesis. The starting material is commercially available α-ionone and the key step is an intramolecular Barbier-type cyclization induced by CpTiCl, an organometallic compound prepared in situ by a CpTiCl reduction with Mn.

Could non-native species boost their chances of invasion success by socializing with natives?

Most invasions start with the introduction of a few individuals and the majority fail to establish and become invasive populations. A possible explanation for this is that some species are subject to Allee effects-disadvantages of low densities-and fail to perform vital activities due to the low availability of conspecifics. We propose that 'facilitation' from native individuals to non-natives through heterospecific sociability could enhance chances of the latter establishing in novel environments by helping them avoid Allee effects and even reducing the minimum number of non-native individuals necessary to achieve the density for a viable population (the Allee effect threshold).

Polarized Au(I)/Rh(I) bimetallic pairs cooperatively trigger ligand non-innocence and bond activation.

The combination of molecular metallic fragments of contrasting Lewis character offers many possibilities for cooperative bond activation and for the disclosure of unusual reactivity. Here we provide a systematic investigation on the partnership of Lewis basic Rh(I) compounds of type [(η-L)Rh(PR)] (η-L = (CMe) or (CH)) with highly congested Lewis acidic Au(I) species. For the cyclopentadienyl Rh(I) compounds, we demonstrate the non-innocent role of the typically robust (CMe) ligand through migration of a hydride to the Rh site and provide evidence for the direct implication of the gold fragment in this unusual bimetallic ligand activation event.

Efficacy of Eribulin Plus Gemcitabine Combination in L-Sarcomas.

Although the overall survival of advanced soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) patients has increased in recent years, the median progression-free survival is lower than 5 months, meaning that there is an unmet need in this population. Among second-line treatments for advanced STS, eribulin is an anti-microtubule agent that has been approved for liposarcoma. Here, we tested the combination of eribulin with gemcitabine in preclinical models of L-sarcoma.

Dietary Recommendations for the Management of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Nutritional Geometry Perspective.

Diet could be both culprit and solution of NAFLD. Dietary modifications have been associated with histological features improvement in NAFLD. The Western diet was related to a greater risk of disease progression while the Mediterranean diet (MD) could promote regression of histological lesions.

Small molecule activation with bimetallic systems: a landscape of cooperative reactivity.

There is growing interest in the design of bimetallic cooperative complexes, which have emerged due to their potential for bond activation and catalysis, a feature widely exploited by nature in metalloenzymes, and also in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we discuss the widespread opportunities derived from combining two metals in close proximity, ranging from systems containing multiple M-M bonds to others in which bimetallic cooperation occurs even in the absence of M⋯M interactions. The choice of metal pairs is crucial for the reactivity of the resulting complexes.

Mechanistic Investigations on Hydrogenation, Isomerization and Hydrosilylation Reactions Mediated by a Germyl-Rhodium System.

We recently disclosed a dehydrogenative double C-H bond activation reaction in the unusual pincer-type rhodium-germyl complex [(Ar)ClGeRh] (Ar=CH-2,6-(CH-2,4,6-Me)). Herein we investigate the catalytic applications of this Rh/Ge system in several transformations, namely semihydrogenation of internal alkynes, -isomerization of olefins and hydrosilylation of alkynes. We have compared the activity and selectivity of this catalyst against other common rhodium precursors, as well as related sterically hindered rhodium complexes, being the one with the germyl fragment superior in terms of selectivity towards -isomers.

Endoglin and MMP14 Contribute to Ewing Sarcoma Spreading by Modulation of Cell-Matrix Interactions.

Endoglin (ENG) is a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) marker typically expressed by active endothelium. This transmembrane glycoprotein is shed by matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14). Our previous work demonstrated potent preclinical activity of first-in-class anti-ENG antibody-drug conjugates as a nascent strategy to eradicate Ewing sarcoma (ES), a devastating rare bone/soft tissue cancer with a putative MSC origin.

Detailed stratified GWAS analysis for severe COVID-19 in four European populations.

Given the highly variable clinical phenotype of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a deeper analysis of the host genetic contribution to severe COVID-19 is important to improve our understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. Here, we describe an extended genome-wide association meta-analysis of a well-characterized cohort of 3255 COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure and 12 488 population controls from Italy, Spain, Norway and Germany/Austria, including stratified analyses based on age, sex and disease severity, as well as targeted analyses of chromosome Y haplotypes, the human leukocyte antigen region and the SARS-CoV-2 peptidome. By inversion imputation, we traced a reported association at 17q21.

Unmasking the constitution and bonding of the proposed lithium nickelate "LiNiPh(solv)": revealing the hidden CH ligand.

More than four decades ago, a complex identified as the planar homoleptic lithium nickelate "LiNiPh(solv)" was reported by Taube and co-workers. This and subsequent reports involving this complex have lain dormant since; however, the absence of an X-ray diffraction structure leaves questions as to the nature of the Ni-PhLi bonding and the coordination geometry at Ni. By systematically evaluating the reactivity of Ni(COD) with PhLi under different conditions, we have found that this classical molecule is instead a unique octanuclear complex, [{Li(solv)PhNi}(μ-η:η-CH)] (5).

Dicoordinate Au(I)-Ethylene Complexes as Hydroamination Catalysts.

A series of gold(I)-ethylene π-complexes containing a family of bulky phosphine ligands has been prepared. The use of these sterically congested ligands is crucial to stabilize the gold(I)-ethylene bond and prevent decomposition, boosting up their catalytic performance in the highly underexplored hydroamination of ethylene. The precatalysts bearing the most sterically demanding phosphines showed the best results reaching full conversion to the hydroaminated products under notably mild conditions (1 bar of ethylene pressure at 60 °C).

ALGAEFUN with MARACAS, microALGAE FUNctional enrichment tool for MicroAlgae RnA-seq and Chip-seq AnalysiS.

Background: Microalgae are emerging as promising sustainable sources for biofuels, biostimulants in agriculture, soil bioremediation, feed and human nutrients. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms underpinning microalgae physiology and the biosynthesis of compounds of biotechnological interest are largely uncharacterized. This hinders the development of microalgae full potential as cell-factories.

Supported σ-Complexes of Li-C Bonds from Coordination of Monomeric Molecules of LiCH , LiCH CH and LiC H to Mo≣Mo Bonds.

LiCH and LiCH CH react with the complex [Mo (H) (μ-Ad ) (thf) ] (1⋅thf) with coordination of two molecules of LiCH R (R=H, CH ) and formation of complexes [Mo {μ-HLi(thf)CH R} (Ad ) ], 5⋅LiCH and 5⋅LiCH CH , respectively (Ad =HC(NDipp) ; Dipp=2,6- Pr C H ; thf=C H O). Due to steric hindrance, only one molecule of LiC H adds to 1⋅thf generating the complex [Mo (H){μ-HLi(thf)C H }(μ-Ad ) ], (4⋅LiC H ). Computational studies disclose the existence of five-center six-electron bonding within the H-Mo≣Mo-C-Li metallacycles, with a mostly covalent H-Mo≣Mo-C group and predominantly ionic Li-C and Li-H interactions.

Analysis of Common Pathways and Markers From Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Immune-Mediated Diseases.

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most prevalent form of liver disease worldwide, accounting for a high liver-related mortality and morbidity with extensive multi-organ involvement. This entity has displaced viral hepatitis as the main cause of severe forms of hepatic diseases, although the onset and transition of MAFLD stages still remains unclear. Nevertheless, innate and adaptive immune responses seem to play an essential role in the establishment and further progression of this disease.