Orthopaedic Sports Injuries in an Aging Population: Current Trends and Future Projections.

Background: The elderly US population is growing quickly and staying active longer. However, there is limited information on sports-related injuries in older adults.

Hypotheses: (1) National estimate and incidence of sports-related orthopaedic injuries in the US elderly population have increased over the last 10 years, (2) types and causes of sports-related injuries in the elderly have changed, and (3) elderly sports-related injuries will increase more than the number of treating physicians by 2040.

A deep learning analysis for dual healthcare system users and risk of opioid use disorder.

The opioid crisis has disproportionately affected U.S. veterans, leading the Veterans Health Administration to implement opioid prescribing guidelines.

Celastrol boosts fluconazole efficacy against vaginal candidiasis: in vitro and in vivo evidence.

Candida albicans is a commensal fungus that naturally inhabits the vagina. However, overgrowth of C. albicans can result in vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), one of the most prevalent fungal infections affecting women.

An Open-Source 3D-Printable Platform for Testing Head-Fixed Cognitive Flexibility in Rodents.

The study of the neural circuitry underlying complex mammalian decision-making, particularly cognitive flexibility, is critical for understanding psychiatric disorders. To test cognitive flexibility, as well as potentially other decision-making paradigms involving multimodal sensory perception, we developed FlexRig, an open-source, modular behavioral platform for use in head-fixed mice. FlexRig enables the administration of tasks relying upon olfactory, somatosensory, and/or auditory cues and employing left and right licking as a behavior readout and reward delivery mechanism.

Timing and Outcomes of PCI in Conjunction With TAVR With Balloon-Expandable Valves.

Background: The optimal timing for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is debatable.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare outcomes based on the timing of PCI in stable coronary artery disease patients undergoing TAVR.

Methods: Leveraging the STS/ACC TVT Registry and Medicare Linkage, we analyzed patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing PCI and TAVR between 2015 and 2023 using the SAPIEN 3 balloon-expandable valve platform.

Effectiveness of using implementation frameworks to facilitate the implementation of a stroke management guideline in the traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in China: protocol for a factorial randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is commonly used alongside Western medicine for stroke management in China. However, there is significant variation in TCM practice, and the utilisation of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines is inadequate. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of three popular frameworks-Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Normalization Process Theory (NPT)-in improving implementation outcomes for the integrated TCM and Western medicine clinical practice guideline for stroke management.

Regional anesthesia in the patient receiving antithrombotic or thrombolytic therapy: American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Evidence-Based Guidelines (fifth edition).

Hemorrhagic complications associated with regional anesthesia are extremely rare. The fifth edition of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine's Evidence-Based Guidelines on regional anesthesia in the patient receiving antithrombotic or thrombolytic therapy reviews the published evidence since 2018 and provides guidance to help avoid this potentially catastrophic complication.The fifth edition of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine's Evidence-Based Guidelines on regional anesthesia in the patient receiving antithrombotic or thrombolytic therapy uses similar methodology as previous editions but is reorganized and significantly condensed.

Clinical outcomes and care for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: A national cohort study.

Background Aims: SBP leads to high rates acute kidney injury (AKI) -hepatorenal syndrome and mortality. Population-based studies on contemporary SBP epidemiology are needed to inform care. In a large, national cohort of patients diagnosed with SBP and confirmed by ascitic fluid criteria, we characterized ascitic fluid characteristics, in-hospital and 12-month mortality, AKI, and recurrent SBP.

Prevalence and Clinical Associations of Peripapillary Hyperreflective Ovoid Mass-like Structures in Craniosynostosis.

Background: Patients with craniosynostosis are at high risk of developing elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) causing papilledema and secondary optic atrophy. Diagnosing and monitoring optic neuropathy is challenging because of multiple causes of vision loss including exposure keratopathy, amblyopia, and cognitive delays that limit examination. Peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS) are an optical coherence tomography (OCT) finding reported in association with papilledema and optic neuropathy.

Direct Observation of All-Flat Bands Phononic Metamaterials.

Flat lines within a band structure represent constant frequency bands for all momentum values (i.e., they maintain zero group velocity for all wave numbers).

Upper Limit on the Photoproduction Cross Section of the Spin-Exotic π_{1}(1600).

The spin-exotic hybrid meson π_{1}(1600) is predicted to have a large decay rate to the ωππ final state. Using 76.6  pb^{-1} of data collected with the GlueX detector, we measure the cross sections for the reactions γp→ωπ^{+}π^{-}p, γp→ωπ^{0}π^{0}p, and γp→ωπ^{-}π^{0}Δ^{++} in the range E_{γ}=8-10  GeV.

Fast Quantum Control of Cavities Using an Improved Protocol without Coherent Errors.

The selective number-dependent arbitrary phase gates form a powerful class of quantum gates, imparting arbitrarily chosen phases to the Fock states of a cavity. However, for short pulses, coherent errors limit the performance. Here, we demonstrate in theory and experiment that such errors can be completely suppressed, provided that the pulse times exceed a specific limit.

Simultaneous Unbinned Differential Cross-Section Measurement of Twenty-Four Z+jets Kinematic Observables with the ATLAS Detector.

Z boson events at the Large Hadron Collider can be selected with high purity and are sensitive to a diverse range of QCD phenomena. As a result, these events are often used to probe the nature of the strong force, improve Monte Carlo event generators, and search for deviations from standard model predictions. All previous measurements of Z boson production characterize the event properties using a small number of observables and present the results as differential cross sections in predetermined bins.

Health System, Community-Based, or Usual Dementia Care for Persons With Dementia and Caregivers: The D-CARE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The effectiveness of different approaches to dementia care is unknown.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of health system-based, community-based dementia care, and usual care for persons with dementia and for caregiver outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Randomized clinical trial of community-dwelling persons living with dementia and their caregivers conducted at 4 sites in the US (enrollment June 2019-January 2023; final follow-up, August 2023).

Baseline Alpha-Fetoprotein Elevation and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Multicentre Cohort Study.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level and its changes in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may influence the risk of future hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to evaluate the HCC risk in CHB patients with no overt HCC but with elevated AFP level and to explore the prognostic role of longitudinal changes in AFP and liver-related laboratory values. This multicentre cohort study included 10,639 CHB patients without a history of HCC from seven medical facilities in South Korea.

Negative Aging Stereotypes and Clinical Insomnia in Older U.S. Military Veterans.

Background And Objectives: Insomnia symptoms are more prevalent in older age and may be impacted by negative perceptions of aging; however, more research is needed. The present study characterizes the relationship between negative aging stereotypes and clinical insomnia symptoms in a nationally representative sample of older United States (U.S.

Neural Sensitivity to Ambiguous Social Exclusion Reflects Information Processing Bias in Midadolescents With Higher Levels of Aggression.

Aggression is commonly associated with increased experiences of peer rejection and maladaptive social information processing biases throughout development. Little is known about the neural correlates of peer rejection that might underlie social information processing biases, and whether these neural correlates are common or different across early- and mid-adolescents on a continuum of aggression. Using the Cyberball task, we examined mediofrontal theta (4-7 Hz) event-related EEG spectral power during conditions of explicit and ambiguous social exclusion in 117 participants (57 early adolescents, ages 10-12 years, and 60 mid-adolescents, ages 14-16 years).

Associations between colonization with Helicobacter pylori and risk of gastrointestinal tract cancers: An umbrella review of meta-analyses.

Background: Several studies have investigated the association between Helicobacter pylori colonization and gastrointestinal malignancies. However, inconsistent results have been found, leaving no clear consensus.

Materials And Methods: Umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies aiming to understand the association between Helicobacter pylori colonization and gastrointestinal cancers in humans.

Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Adrenal Gland Lesions: The Roles of Image Guidance, Rapid On-Site Evaluation and Additional Tissue Sampling.

Objective: An accurate fine-needle aspiration (FNA) diagnosis of adrenal lesions may be challenging. This study was to investigate roles of imaging guidance, rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) and additional tissue sampling in FNA diagnosis of adrenal lesions.

Methods: Adrenal FNA cases were retrieved from pathology archive.

A short screen for lifetime sexual victimization experiences: Expanding research on the Sexual Abuse History Questionnaire (SAHQ) across cultures, genders, and sexual identities.

The Sexual Abuse History Questionnaire (SAHQ), a widely used screening tool for childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and adolescent/adult sexual assault (AASA) experiences, has limited examination of its psychometric properties in diverse populations. Our study assessed the SAHQ's psychometric properties (i.e.

Phenotypic Expansion of Knobloch Syndrome Type 2 in an Individual With a De Novo PAK2 Variant.

P21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) is a serine/threonine kinase essential for a variety of cellular processes including signal transduction, cellular survival, proliferation, and migration. A recent report proposed monoallelic PAK2 variants cause Knobloch syndrome type 2 (KNO2)-a developmental disorder primarily characterized by ocular anomalies. Here, we identified a novel de novo heterozygous missense variant in PAK2, NM_002577.

IQ Survey Results on Current Industry Practices-Part 1: Immunogenicity Risk Assessment.

An immunogenicity risk assessment (IRA) is a relatively new expectation of health authorities that is increasingly incorporated into the drug development process across the pharmaceutical/biotech industry. The guiding principle for an IRA includes a comprehensive evaluation of product- and patient-related factors that may influence the immunogenic potential of a biotherapeutic drug and a potential action plan. The Immunogenicity Working Group from the IQ Consortium (Clinical Pharmacology Leadership Group) has conducted a survey to understand the current practices for conducting IRAs and relevant aspects of bioanalysis.