Singlets-Driven Photoredox Catalysts: Transforming Noncatalytic Red Fluorophores to Efficient Catalysts.

Red-light absorbing photoredox catalysts offer potential advantages for large-scale reactions, expanding the range of usable substrates and facilitating bio-orthogonal applications. While many red-light absorbing/emitting fluorophores have been developed recently, functional red-light absorbing photoredox catalysts are scarce. Many photoredox catalysts rely on long-lived triplet excited states (triplets), which can efficiently engage in single electron transfer (SET) reactions with substrates.

Calibre Persistent Labial Artery of the Lower Lip: Oral Propranolol as a Novel Agent of Treatment.

Calibre persistent artery of the lower lip is a vascular anomaly where the branches of the inferior labial artery maintain their size up to the submucosa of the lip. There is persistent pulsatile feeling, occasional ulceration, and recurrent bleeding. Doppler ultrasound and angiogram are used to confirm diagnosis.

Acute Decompensated Valvular Disease in the Intensive Care Unit.

Acute decompensated valvular disease encompasses a group of complex and challenging conditions, which are often the primary reason for admission to the cardiac intensive care unit and can also complicate the management of other primary cardiac disorders. Critically ill patients with valvular disease also present unique diagnostic and management challenges. Historically, medical and percutaneous interventional therapies have been limited and surgery was the only definitive treatment; however, surgical risk can at times be prohibitive.

Factors affecting waiting times to enter opioid use disorder treatment in the United States with a particular focus on potential biological sex disparity.

Aim: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is the problematic use of licit or illicit opioids. Thus far, the literature on biological sex differences in accessing treatment is scarce. Hence, we hypothesize that biological sex has a moderating effect on OUD treatment accessibility.

Virtual versus in-person didactic modalities: A national survey of emergency medicine residencies.

Background: Following the widespread shift from in-person to virtual delivery of didactics during the COVID-19 pandemic, some emergency medicine (EM) residency programs have retained virtual didactic time while others have returned exclusively to in-person didactics. In this national survey of EM residency programs, we explored the current national distribution of virtual versus in-person didactic time and the circumstances and motivators for use of each.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey with branched logic was designed via Qualtrics.

A Review of Clinical Trials Involving Genetically Modified Bacteria, Bacteriophages and Their Associated Risk Assessments.

Introduction: Discussion of gene-modified investigational products (IPs) in clinical trials has largely focused on nucleic acid-based vectors, viral vectors, and gene-modified cellular products involving mammalian cells. Use of bacteria and bacteriophages as IPs is resurgent, and discussion of the risks associated with genetic modification of these organisms has become pertinent to the biosafety community.

Methods: This review article summarizes the United States Food and Drug Administration classification for IPs comprising bacteria or bacteriophages and provides an overview of clinical trials conducted to date involving genetically modified bacteria.

Trap States in Reduced Colloidal Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Have Different Proton Stoichiometries.

Added electrons and holes in semiconducting (nano)materials typically occupy "trap states," which often determine their photophysical properties and chemical reactivity. However, trap states are usually ill-defined, with few insights into their stoichiometry or structure. Our laboratory previously reported that aqueous colloidal TiO nanoparticles prepared from TiCl + HO have two classes of electron trap states, termed and .

Approaches and outcomes of adalimumab discontinuation in patients with well-controlled inflammatory arthritis: a systematic search and review.

Objective: This systematic search and review aimed to evaluate the available literature on discontinuation of adalimumab and other tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) for patients with well-controlled chronic inflammatory arthritides.

Methods: We conducted a publication search on adalimumab discontinuation from 2000-2023 using PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Included studies evaluated adalimumab discontinuation approaches, tapering schemes, and outcomes including successful discontinuation and recapture after flare, in patients with well-controlled disease.

LGBTQ+ youth policy and mental health: Indirect effects through school experiences.

The link between state policies and LGBTQ+ youth mental health is well-established, yet less well-understood are the mechanisms that drive these associations. We used a sample from the LGBTQ+ National Teen Survey (n = 8368) collected in 2022 to examine whether and to what degree LGBTQ+ inclusive school strategies, student perceptions of school safety, and experiences with bias-based bullying and peer victimization explain the association between state LGBTQ+ youth-focused policies and LGBTQ+ youth mental health symptomology. We observed significant indirect effects between policy and LGBTQ+ youth mental health through all four constructs, suggesting that each of these more proximal school experiences was independently implicated in this association.

Biopsy Quotas: Ethical Implications of Financial Incentives and Penalties on Dermatologic Care Providers.

The evolution of healthcare payment models has profoundly influenced clinical practices and physician decision-making. While fee-for-service (FFS) models incentivize procedural volume, systems based on Relative Value Units (RVUs) have introduced standardized metrics to compensate physicians based on care complexity and workload. As corporations increasingly own healthcare, financial incentives such as RVUs and procedural quotas raise ethical concerns.

Navigating the Ethics of Predatory Journals and Processing Fees in Dermatology.

The rise of predatory journals has created a pressing ethical dilemma in academic publishing, exploiting researchers' urgency to publish while prioritizing profits over quality. These journals, characterized by deceptive practices and inadequate peer review, often undermine scientific integrity and disproportionately affect early-career academicians and those from underfunded institutions. While open-access publishing aims to democratize knowledge, its reliance on high processing charges (APCs) poses accessibility challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Long-Term Outcomes among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder at Opioid Treatment Programs.

Objectives: Racial and ethnic differences in long-term outcomes associated with medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are poorly understood.

Methods: The present analyses were based on 751 participants with opioid use disorder (OUD) who were initially recruited from opioid treatment programs located in California, Connecticut, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Washington and participated in a randomized controlled trial and at least one follow-up interview. 9.

Disability and the Dermatology Patient- Part 2: Supporting Patients with Disabilities.

Dermatologic disease can result in disability. In part two of this continuing medical education (CME) article, we highlight disabilities that may result from dermatologic conditions. We introduce guidelines for caring for patients with disabilities including how to identify, assess, and document patients' disabilities and provide patient-centered care and support.

Disability and the Dermatology Patient- Part 1: Improving Access to Dermatologic Care.

Disability is common amongst dermatologic patients. Herein, we review the epidemiology of disability and terminology used to refer to patients with disabilities. We discuss different forms of disability, including cognitive, motor, visual and hearing, and review how dermatology practices can better accommodate patients with disabilities to optimize care.

Anionic polysaccharides as delivery carriers for cancer therapy and theranostics: An overview of significance.

Recently, cancer therapy has witnessed remarkable advancements with a growing focus on precision medicine and targeted drug delivery strategies. The application of anionic polysaccharides has gained traction in various drug delivery systems. Anionic polysaccharides have emerged as promising delivery carriers in cancer therapy and theranostics, offering numerous advantages such as biocompatibility, low toxicity, and the ability to encapsulate and deliver therapeutic agents to tumor sites with high specificity.

Long-acting injectable in situ forming implants: Impact of polymer attributes and API.

Poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)-based in situ forming implants are liquid formulations that solidify through phase separation following injection into the body. Drug is dissolved or suspended in the final formulation liquid prior to injection. Depending on the polymers used, the depots formed can deliver drug over different periods of time.

Accuracy of Electronic Health Record Phenotypes to Detect Recognition of Hypertension in Pediatric Primary Care.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of extractable electronic health record (EHR) data to define clinician recognition of hypertension in pediatric primary care.

Methods: We used EHR data to perform a cross-sectional study of children aged 3-18 years at well-visits in Connecticut from 2018-2023 (n=50,290) that had either: (1) incident hypertension (hypertensive BP at the well-visit and ≥2 prior hypertensive BPs without prior diagnosis of hypertension); or (2) isolated hypertensive BP at the well-visit without necessarily having prior hypertensive BPs. We tested the accuracy of EHR phenotypes to detect recognition of incident hypertension or hypertensive BP using structured elements, including diagnosis codes, problem list entries, number of BP measurements, orders, and follow-up information.

Pre-to-post COVID-19 pandemic trends in time from emergency department arrival to inpatient floor arrival: Door to floor time.

Boarding of admitted patients in the Emergency Department (ED) changes both the setting and teams providing care during the initial phase of admissions. We measured the waiting time from ED door arrival to inpatient floor arrival for 17,944 admissions to internal medicine services over a 5-year period from 2018 to 2023 and propose this as a metric for the total delay in care associated with ED boarding, termed "Door to Floor" (DTF) time. We find a sustained increase as well as significant seasonal and day-of-the-week variation in DTF times.

A technique to enhance the gingival esthetics of a prototype complete arch fixed implant-supported prototype prosthesis using a 3D printed gingival veneer.

An important step in the workflow for a complete arch fixed implant-supported prosthesis is the fabrication of a prototype resin prosthesis to allow the patient to visualize the definitive treatment outcome and also to use as an interim prosthesis. Producing a prototype prosthesis with the natural appearance of the gingival color and contour has been challenging. Current methods include painted stains, manually applied pink composite resin or autopolymerizing acrylic resin, and multicolored resin blocks, but these are all relatively expensive, have less than optimal esthetics, and are labor-intensive and time-consuming.

Histone Deacetylase 9 Deletion Inhibits Hepatic Steatosis and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Male Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Aim: The goal of this study was to determine the role of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) in the development of diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunctions.

Methods: We fed male and female mice with global Hdac9 knockout (KO) and their wild-type (WT) littermates an obesogenic high-fat/high-sucrose/high-cholesterol (35%/34%/2%, w/w) diet for 20 weeks.

Results: Hdac9 deletion markedly inhibited body weight gain and liver steatosis with lower liver weight and triglyceride content than WT in male mice but not females.