Infectious keratoconjunctivitis in European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland: risk factors, epidemiology and anatomopathological changes with analysis of potential role of Thelazia nematodes in the disease development.

Background: Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) is a common ocular disease of ruminants worldwide. Recently, an outbreak of infectious keratoconjunctivitis was observed in the European bison in Poland. Hundreds of animals show conjunctival congestion, corneal opacity, and ulceration, leading to total blindness.

Measles vaccine effectiveness in African children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Measles is an extremely contagious viral disease that can be prevented through vaccination. It is caused by the measles virus and presents with symptoms such as high fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis, and a distinctive rash. Complications may include pneumonia, diarrhoea, and neurological issues.

State-of-the-Art Review: Ocular Infections.

Collaborations between ophthalmologists and infectious disease specialists are critical for optimizing care of many patients with eye infections. We review challenges in common and uncommon eye infections to promote better understanding of these infections and prioritize areas for further research.

Microbial profile and associated factors of external ocular bacterial and fungal infections in Arba Minch General Hospital: a cross-sectional study.

External ocular infections are of serious global concern, which cause significant visual morbidity and even blindness, particularly in low-income and resource-limited countries. Herewith, we are reporting the profile of bacteria and fungi causing external ocular infections and the associated factors in Arba Minch, southern Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 259 suspected individuals with external ocular infections from 01 January to 10 June 2020 in Arba Minch General Hospital.

Inflammatory bowel disease and risk of ophthalmic inflammation-related diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Aim: To investigate the causal effect of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on ocular inflammation using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: Genetic instruments associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD) were derived from the largest genome-wide association studies (GWAS) published to date. The FinnGen research project was utilized to identify genetic risk variants associated with conjunctivitis, keratitis, iridocyclitis, chorioretinitis, episcleritis, and optic neuritis.

Clinical characteristics, progression patterns and treatment outcomes in microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis: a prospective study in Thailand.

Purpose: To assess the clinical characteristics, progression patterns, and treatment outcomes of microbiologically confirmed microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis (MKC).

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included patients with superficial punctate epithelial keratitis clinically suspected of MKC. Comprehensive slit-lamp examinations were conducted, and corneal scraping was performed for Gram-chromotrope staining and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis.

Clinical and pathologic characteristics of inflamed juvenile conjunctival nevus and its treatment with immunosuppressant eye drops.

Purpose: To clarify the clinical and pathologic findings of 7 patients with inflamed juvenile conjunctival nevus (IJCN) treated with tacrolimus.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Subjects And Methods: The medical records of 7 male patients diagnosed with IJCN between February 2007 and October 2022 at the Kansai Medical University Hospital and Ideta Eye Hospital were retrospectively reviewed.

Genetically Predicted Immune Cell-Mediated Effect of Lipid Metabolism on Allergic Diseases: A Two-Step, Mediation Mendelian Randomization Study.

Introduction: An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that dynamic changes in lipid species can affect allergic diseases; however, the causal relationship and mediating role of immune cells remain unclear.

Methods: We conducted a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on 179 lipid species (n = 7,174) and three types of allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis (AR) (n = 370,158), allergic asthma (n = 219,753), and allergic conjunctivitis (n = 377,277). The principal model used was the inverse variance-weighted approach, and a series of sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of the results.

Depigmented, Polymerized Cat Epithelium Extract Is Safe and Improves Rhinitis and Asthma Symptoms in Cat-Allergic Patients: A Real-World Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Exposure to cat allergens is often difficult to avoid. Here, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a depigmented, polymerized cat epithelium extract (Dpg-pol-cat) for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma.

Methods: Real-world, retrospective study of patients ≥12 years of age with cat allergy and moderate to severe allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis, with or without asthma, who started allergen immunotherapy (AIT) with Dpg-pol-cat extract during routine visits to the Allergy Department.

Real-world efficacy and safety of dupilumab for paediatric atopic dermatitis: a multicentre retrospective study.

Background: Real-world data regarding the use of dupilumab in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) are limited.

Objectives: To evaluate the real-world efficacy of dupilumab in children with moderate-to-severe AD over an extended follow-up period.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients (≤ 18 years) with moderate-to-severe AD treated with dupilumab in four Israeli tertiary centres.

Long-term effects of air pollution on daily outpatient visits for allergic conjunctivitis from 2013 to 2020: a time-series study in Urumqi, China.

Introduction: This study aimed to elucidate the effects of outdoor air pollution and allergic conjunctivitis and population-based lagged effects of air pollution.

Methods: We included data on six major air pollutants, PM, PM, carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO), nitrogen dioxide (NO), and ozone (O3), and 3325 allergic conjunctivitis outpatient visits in Urumqi, northwest China, from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2020. We developed quasi-Poisson generalized linear regression models with distributed lagged nonlinear models (DLNM), and single and multi-pollutant models were constructed to investigate single-day and cumulative lagged effects in detail.

Development and Validation of Claims-Based Algorithms for Conjunctivitis and Keratitis.

Background: Ocular surface disorders have been reported among patients with various medical conditions, including atopic dermatitis (AD). Nonetheless, validated algorithms to identify conjunctivitis and keratitis in claims data are lacking.

Objective: Develop validated, claims-based algorithms for conjunctivitis and keratitis among patients with AD using medical records.

Dupilumab-Associated Bilateral Conjunctival Papillomas and Corneal Perforation.

Purpose: We report a unique case of significant human papillomavirus-associated conjunctival papillomas and severe corneal ulceration leading to corneal perforation in a patient treated with dupilumab for atopic dermatitis.

Methods: This study is a case report and literature review of severe corneal side effects related to dupilumab.

Results: A 27-year-old man with severe atopic dermatitis and no ocular history was administered dupilumab 300 mg via subcutaneous injections every 2 weeks with an excellent response.

Association Between Atopic Dermatitis and Meniere's Disease: Nationwide Cohort Study.

Objectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by relapsing and remitting episodes. Although AD is well-known for its association with other allergic conditions, its relationship with Meniere's disease has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to explore the potential correlation between AD and Meniere's disease.

Using community-based participatory approaches to improve access to mass drug administration for trachoma elimination in a pastoral conflict area of Kenya.

In Baringo County, Kenya, trachoma remains endemic despite repeated mass drug administration (MDA) efforts, with coverage in one of the wards consistently falling short of world health organization (WHO) targets. The disease is endemic in 12 out of the 47 counties in Kenya. Baringo county is a pastoral conflict, hard to reach area where eight rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) for trachoma have been implemented.

Integrative epidemiology and immunotranscriptomics uncover a risk and potential mechanism for cutaneous lymphoma unmasking or progression with dupilumab therapy.

Background: There have been multiple reports of the anti-IL-4Rα agent, dupilumab, being associated with the onset and/or progression of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL).

Objective: We sought to evaluate safety signals associated with dupilumab, with a focus on CTCL, and to evaluate the possible underlying mechanism or mechanisms for the potential association.

Methods: First, we used the Food and Drug Administration's pharmacovigilance database, FAERS (FDA Adverse Event Reporting System), to evaluate whether dupilumab was associated with CTCL, including both positive outcome controls (conjunctivitis, eosinophilia, and arthralgia) and exposure controls (other medications with similar indications, including JAK inhibitors and the anti-IL-13 agent, tralokinumab) to evaluate confounding bias.

[Microbiological diagnosis of ocular surface infections aside from virology].

The ocular surface is a structure exposed to multiple stresses that can directly or indirectly lead to infectious contamination and compromise visual function. This significant risk justifies multidisciplinary care, often in an emergency context, bringing together ophthalmologists and microbiologists to optimize and guide microbiological testing on small volume samples and ensure the most appropriate treatment. Herein, we present the various steps leading to microbiological diagnosis, from pre-analytical requirements, sampling methods, transport conditions, and then to the analytical steps of pathogen identification.