Impact of Asynchronous Electronic Communication-Based Visits on Clinical Outcomes and Health Care Delivery: Systematic Review.

Background: Electronic visits (e-visits) involve asynchronous communication between clinicians and patients through a secure web-based platform, such as a patient portal, to elicit symptoms and determine a diagnosis and treatment plan. E-visits are now reimbursable through Medicare due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The state of evidence regarding e-visits, such as the impact on clinical outcomes and health care delivery, is unclear.

[SARS-CoV-2-associated inflammatory multisystem disease in a 15-year-old boy].

Összefoglaló. Újabb megfigyelések szerint a SARS-CoV-2-fertőzést követően gyermekekben a paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) elnevezésű, sokkállapottal szövődött Kawasaki-megbetegedéshez hasonlító, többszervi elégtelenségnek megfelelő tünetegyüttes alakulhat ki. A gyermekek többségében ilyenkor a direkt víruskimutatás már sikertelen, azonban a SARS-CoV-2 ellen képződött antitest igazolhatja a diagnózist.

Molecular Characterization of Coxsackievirus A24v from Feces and Conjunctiva Reveals Epidemiological Links.

Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v), the main causative agent of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), can be isolated from both the eyes and lower alimentary tract. However, the molecular features of CVA24v in feces is not well-documented. In this study, we compared the VP1 and 3C sequences of CVA24v strains isolated from feces during AHC epidemics in Cuba in 1997, 2003, and 2008-2009 with those obtained from conjunctival swabs during the same epidemic period.

Ophthalmia neonatorum as the presenting sign of SARS-CoV-2.

The most common ocular manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 in adults and children is acute conjunctivitis. We report the case of a 4-day-old infant who presented with acute-onset mucopurulent discharge of the left eye as well as subconjunctival hemorrhage and palpebral injection, without corneal findings. A diagnosis of ophthalmia neonatorum was established, for which ocular cultures and Gram staining were performed.

Keeping an Eye on Bisphosphonate Therapy in Myeloma: A Case Report of Ocular Inflammation Postzoledronic Acid Infusion.

Bisphosphonates have evolved over the past decades from oral to more potent intravenous preparations. Along with significant paradigm shift in the management of myeloma over the past years, stronger nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, due to their antiresorptive action on the bones, have found their way as a key and integral part in the management of bone disease in myeloma. Multiple randomized controlled trials have established efficacy of bisphosphonates in reducing skeletal-related events in myeloma.

Ophthalmic manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 in newborn infants: a preliminary report.

COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), affects people of all ages. The virus can cause multiple systemic infections, principally in the respiratory tract, as well as microvascular damage. Ocular manifestations of COVID-19 are uncommon in adults and children.

SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Healthcare Workers of Kaunas Hospitals during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

: Serologic testing is a useful additional method for the diagnosis of COVID-19. It is also used for population-based seroepidemiological studies. The objective of the study was to determine SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in healthcare workers of Kaunas hospitals and to compare two methods for specific SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing.

Cohort profile: Study on Zika virus infection in Brazil (ZIKABRA study).

Zika virus (ZIKV) has been detected in blood, urine, semen, cerebral spinal fluid, saliva, amniotic fluid, and breast milk. In most ZIKV infected individuals, the virus is detected in the blood to one week after the onset of symptoms and has been found to persist longer in urine and semen. To better understand virus dynamics, a prospective cohort study was conducted in Brazil to assess the presence and duration of ZIKV and related markers (viral RNA, antibodies, T cell response, and innate immunity) in blood, semen, saliva, urine, vaginal secretions/menstrual blood, rectal swab and sweat.

Methylene Blue Inhibits Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis Virus Production and Induction of Caspase-3 Mediated Human Corneal Cell Cytopathy.

Background: Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) is a highly contagious eye disease caused by enterovirus type 70 (E70) and Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v) with no clinically approved treatment. The antiviral activity of methylene blue (MB; a WHO essential medicine) against AHC viruses was investigated using human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC).

Methods: Time and concentration-dependent MB accumulation by HCEC was determined colorimetrically and MB inhibition of virus production of 5 E70 and 3 CA24v AHC epidemic isolates in HCEC was determined by micro-plaque assay.

Evidence-based of conjunctival COVID-19 positivity: An Italian experience: Gemelli Against COVID Group.

Background: The possible transmission of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by tears and conjunctiva is still debated.

Methods: Main outcome was to investigate the agreement between nasopharyngeal swab (NPs) and conjunctival swabs (Cs) in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We divided patients into four groups: (1) NPs and Cs both negative (C-NF-), (2) NPs positive and Cs negative (NFs+Cs-), (3) NPs negative and Cs positive (NFs-Cs+), and (4) NPs and Cs both positive (NFs-Cs+).

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and SARS-CoV-2: A scoping review.

Purpose: The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected over 43 million people resulting in over 1 million deaths. Approximately 2% of cases in the United States are children, and in most cases the child is either asymptomatic or has mild symptoms. However, some pediatric cases can present with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C).

Zika Virus Disease Comparing Children and Adults in a Dengue-Endemic Setting.

Acute Zika virus (ZIKV) infection may mimic dengue virus (DENV) infection. We aimed to study the clinical difference of ZIKV disease among suspected non-severe DENV patients comparing children and adults. Patients with acute illness suspected of DENV disease plus no evidence of plasma leakage at the Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand, were enrolled from December 2016 to September 2018.

Comparative study of topical regimen for adenoviral kearoconjunctivitis by 0.1% fluorometholone with and without polyvinyl alcohol iodine.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the topical regimens of iodine/steroids vs. antibiotics/steroids in acute to subacute adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis.

Study Design: A prospective open-label study.

Experimental Mouse Models of Ragweed- and Papain-Induced Allergic Conjunctivitis.

Mouse models of allergic conjunctivitis mimic various aspects of human allergic conjunctivitis. They are useful as acute models of allergic conjunctivitis to study immunological aspects of this condition. In this chapter, we will describe ragweed-pollen-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis (mostly driven by adaptive immunity), and papain-soaked contact lens-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis (mostly driven by innate immunity).

[Ocular manifestations of viral diseases].

Viral infections may involve all ocular tissues and may have short and long-term sight-threatening consequences. Among them, ocular infections caused by herpesviruses are the most frequent. HSV-1 keratitis and kerato-uveitis affect approximately are the leading cause of infectious blindness in the Western world, mainly because of corneal opacification caused by recurrences.

Ocular Surface and Conjunctival Cytology Findings in Patients With Confirmed COVID-19.

Purpose: To assess the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection on the conjunctiva and tear film.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients with confirmed COVID-19 and 31 healthy controls were included in this prospective and observational study. Individuals with COVID-19 formed the patient group, and healthy individuals formed the control group.

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in an Adolescent that Developed Coronary Aneurysms: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background: A small subset of pediatric patients develop a rare syndrome associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). This syndrome shares characteristics with Kawasaki disease.

Case Report: A 15-year-old girl presented to our Emergency Department (ED) with fevers and malaise.

Clinical Pathology, Immunopathology and Advanced Vaccine Technology in Bovine Theileriosis: A Review.

Theileriosis is a blood piroplasmic disease that adversely affects the livestock industry, especially in tropical and sub-tropical countries. It is caused by haemoprotozoan of the genus, transmitted by hard ticks and which possesses a complex life cycle. The clinical course of the disease ranges from benign to lethal, but subclinical infections can occur depending on the infecting species.

The importance of vitamin d metabolism as a potential prophylactic, immunoregulatory and neuroprotective treatment for COVID-19.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization. As of May 18, 2020, there have been more than 4.7 million cases and over 316,000 deaths worldwide.

[Paying attention to adopting modern epidemiological methods for the prevention and treatment of infectious eye diseases].

Carrying out research on infectious epidemics is an important work contents stipulated in the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in China. Nowadays, Based on the recent Chinese prevention and treatment system of infectious eye diseases, it is difficult to meet the needs of data collection, etiology determination, and spatiotemporal analysis. The present article explores how to use modern social epidemiology methods to clarify the role of individual factors, social factors, and structural factors in the three links of eye disease epidemic, how to use spatial epidemiology methods to describe, quantify, and explain the spatial distribution characteristics of eye diseases in the population, and how to use infodemiology and digital epidemiology methods to promptly and efficiently mine and process massive amounts of electronic data of eye diseases.

Pentavalent Sialic Acid Conjugates Block Coxsackievirus A24 Variant and Human Adenovirus Type 37-Viruses That Cause Highly Contagious Eye Infections.

Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v) and human adenovirus 37 (HAdV-37) are leading causative agents of the severe and highly contagious ocular infections acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis and epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, respectively. Currently, neither vaccines nor antiviral agents are available for treating these diseases, which affect millions of individuals worldwide. CVA24v and HAdV-37 utilize sialic acid as attachment receptors facilitating entry into host cells.

Forecasting the incidence of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in Chongqing: a time series analysis.

Acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis is a highly contagious eye disease, the prediction of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis is very important to prevent and grasp its development trend. We use the exponential smoothing model and the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model to analyse and predict. The monthly incidence data from 2004 to 2017 were used to fit two models, the actual incidence of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in 2018 was used to validate the model.