Intratumoral Injection of Engineered Induces Antitumor Immunity and Inhibits Tumor Growth.

Conventional type 1 dendritic cells are essential for antigen presentation and successful initiation of antitumor CD8 T cells. However, their abundance and function within tumors tend to be limited. , a fast-growing, nonpathogenic mycobacterium, proves to be easily modified with synthetic biology.

RNA nanotherapeutics for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, particularly due to the limited effectiveness of current therapeutic options for advanced-stage disease. The efficacy of traditional treatments is often compromised by the intricate liver microenvironment and the inherent heterogeneity. RNA-based therapeutics offer a promising alternative, utilizing the innovative approach of targeting aberrant molecular pathways and modulating the tumor microenvironment.

Exploring Patient-Related Contextual Factors and Personal Reflections About the Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) Intervention for Adults With Advanced Cancer in Metropolitan and Non-Metropolitan Southern Alberta: A Mixed Methods Study.

Background: The evidence-based Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) psychotherapeutic intervention was designed to address the complex needs of those with advanced cancer. Ample evidence supports the efficacy of CALM therapy; less is known about the patient-specific factors that influence initiation and continuation of CALM sessions.

Aims: To gain understanding of patient-specific factors and referral routes that influence initiation and continuation of CALM.

Developing alert thresholds and self-management advice for people receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer modified Delphi survey.

Background: Remote monitoring using electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) may help identify immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and direct self-management. There is no consensus regarding thresholds to alert providers about potentially severe irAEs or when to instigate evidence-based self-management. We aimed to develop consensus around alert thresholds and self-management advice for side-effects suggestive of an irAE which can be deployed as part of remote monitoring systems.

Willingness to pay for exercise oncology services: a mixed methods study.

Purpose: To evaluate cancer patients' willingness to pay for exercise services and oncology health professionals' perception of patients' willingness to pay.

Methods: A mixed-methods design was used. Online questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were administered to people with any type of cancer and oncology health professionals delivering clinical care.

Endothelial Dysfunction Markers in Ovarian Cancer: VTE Risk and Tumour Prognostic Outcomes.

Ovarian cancer (OC) presents daunting lethality rates worldwide, with frequent late-stage diagnosis and chemoresistance, highlighting the need for improved prognostic approaches. Venous thromboembolism (VTE), a major cancer mortality factor, is partially driven by endothelial dysfunction (ED). ED's pro-inflammatory state fosters tumour progression, suggesting a VTE-independent link between ED and cancer.

Healthcare Professionals' Ratings and Views of Person-Centred Care in the Context of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Introduction: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) involves a long trajectory with high risk of complications. In person-centred care (PCC), patients' needs, resources and the care relationship are central to the care process. Healthcare professionals' (HCPs) ratings of PCC have not previously been investigated in this context.

The Stockholm early detection of cancer study (STEADY-CAN): rationale, design, data collection, and baseline characteristics for 2.7 million participants.

The Stockholm Early Detection of Cancer Study (STEADY-CAN) cohort was established to investigate strategies for early cancer detection in a population-based context within Stockholm County, the capital region of Sweden. Utilising real-world data to explore cancer-related healthcare patterns and outcomes, the cohort links extensive clinical and laboratory data from both inpatient and outpatient care in the region. The dataset includes demographic information, detailed diagnostic codes, laboratory results, prescribed medications, and healthcare utilisation data.

Overall and late mortality among 24 459 survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer in Alberta, Canada: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors are at an increased risk of premature mortality due to their cancer and its treatment. Herein, we aimed to quantify the excess risks of mortality among AYA cancer survivors and identify target populations for intervention.

Methods: The Alberta AYA Cancer Survivor Study is a retrospective, population-based cohort of individuals diagnosed with a first primary neoplasm at age 15-39 years in Alberta, Canada, between 1983 and 2017.

Automate the process of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks storage in the pathology laboratory: A proof of concept study.

Pathology laboratories are currently facing remarkable issues in the management of their archives due to the ongoing increase in the production of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks, which is often coupled with inadequate spatial and environmental storing conditions. The manual process of storage and retrieving further increases the likelihood of human-based mistakes, wastes professionals' working time, and, ultimately, widens reports signing turn-around times. In the present work, we outline the strategies underlying the development of an automated archive at the pathology services of the University of Modena.

Design, characterisation, and clinical evaluation of a novel porous Ti-6Al-4V hemipelvic prosthesis based on Voronoi diagram.

Three-dimensional printed Ti-6Al-4V hemipelvic prosthesis has become a current popular method for pelvic defect reconstruction. This paper presents a novel biomimetic hemipelvic prosthesis design that utilises patient-specific anatomical data in conjunction with the Voronoi diagram algorithm. Unlike traditional design methods that rely on fixed, homogeneous unit cell, the Voronoi diagram enables to create imitation of trabecular structure (ITS).

Polygenic score distribution differences across European ancestry populations: implications for breast cancer risk prediction.

Background: The 313-variant polygenic risk score (PRS) provides a promising tool for clinical breast cancer risk prediction. However, evaluation of the PRS across different European populations which could influence risk estimation has not been performed.

Methods: We explored the distribution of PRS across European populations using genotype data from 94,072 females without breast cancer diagnosis, of European-ancestry from 21 countries participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) and 223,316 females without breast cancer diagnosis from the UK Biobank.

THBS2 + cancer-associated fibroblasts promote EMT leading to oxaliplatin resistance via COL8A1-mediated PI3K/AKT activation in colorectal cancer.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) exert multiple tumor-promoting functions and are key contributors to drug resistance. The mechanisms by which specific subsets of CAFs facilitate oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been fully explored. This study found that THBS2 is positively associated with CAF activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance at the pan-cancer level.

Targeting TOP2A in Ovarian Cancer: Biological and Clinical Implications.

The enzyme topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) plays a critical role in DNA replication and cell proliferation, making it a promising target for cancer therapy. In epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), TOP2A overexpression is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to conventional treatments. This review explores the biological functions of TOP2A in EOC and discusses its potential as a therapeutic target.

A Standardized Measurement and Valuation Scale of Genomic Utility for Policy Decisions: The GUV Scale.

Objectives: The multifaceted ways in which genomics can be valuable to clinicians, patients, families, and society are important for informing prioritization decisions by policy makers. This study aims to develop a standardized, cumulative, and preference-weighted genomic utility valuation (GUV) on a scale of 0% to 100%.

Methods: A multicriteria decision analysis was conducted with experts involved in policy, clinical, research, and consumer advocacy leadership in Australia for the valuation of policy priority indicators of genomic utility.

Adherence, risk perception, and attitudes towards colorectal cancer screening: A road to individualized screening?

Background & Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks second globally in cancer-related deaths and there is ongoing debate on the best populational screening strategy. This study aimed to evaluate individuals' intention to adhere to CRC screening, screening method preference, and barriers to screening.

Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in northern Portugal, where a populational fecal occult blood test (FOBT) program is implemented.

Analysis of risk factors for immune-related adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in cancer: A comprehensive systematic review.

Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAE) pose challenges to the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). While risk factors for irAE are emerging, most studies are small, retrospective analyses that seldom report on diverse cancers or rare irAE. This paper reports a systematic review that summarises literature on irAE risk factors across cancers and proposes a categorisation approach.

Proliferating CLL cells express high levels of CXCR4 and CD5.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an incurable progressive malignancy of CD5 B cells with a birth rate between 0.1% and 1% of the entire clone per day. However, the phenotype and functional characteristics of proliferating CLL cells remain incompletely understood.

Comprehensive Clinical Genetics, Molecular and Pathological Evaluation Efficiently Assist Diagnostics and Therapy Selection in Breast Cancer Patients with Hereditary Genetic Background.

Using multigene panel testing for the diagnostic evaluation of patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome often identifies clinically actionable variants in genes with varying levels of penetrance. High-penetrance genes (, , , , , , ) inform specific clinical surveillance and therapeutic decisions, while recommendations for moderate-penetrance genes (, , , , , , , , , , , ) are more limited. A detailed disease history, including pedigree data, helps formulate the most appropriate and personalised management strategies.

Keratoelastoidosis Marginalis of the Hands: A Distinct Form of Palmoplantar Keratoderma.

Keratoelastoidosis marginalis of the hands (KEMH) is an acquired form of marginal papular keratoderma, characterized by thickened keratotic plaques predominantly affecting the lateral side of the index finger and the medial side of the thumb. It is often associated with chronic sun exposure and trauma, usually affecting older individuals. Due to clinical similarities with other palmoplantar keratodermas, differential diagnosis is essential for effective treatment management.