Antibiotic candidates for Gram-positive bacterial infections induce multidrug resistance.

Several antibiotic candidates are in development against Gram-positive bacterial pathogens, but their long-term utility is unclear. To investigate this issue, we studied the laboratory evolution of resistance to antibiotics that have not yet reached the market. We found that, with the exception of compound SCH79797, antibiotic resistance generally readily evolves in .

Characterization of Odorants Causing the Hawthorn Aroma in Cabernet Sauvignon Wine by Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry, Quantitation, Aroma Recombination, Omission, and Addition Studies.

This study aimed to identify the specific odorants contributing to the distinctive hawthorn aroma present in wines, expanding upon previous research on the aroma characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon wine. By utilization of high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-olfactory-mass spectrometry, 14 odorants showed a positive correlation with hawthorn aroma characteristics. Among these, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl butanoate, myrcene, and α-terpineol demonstrated the highest correlation coefficients.

A Phenomenological Perturbation-like Approach for Prediction of Molecular Properties in Large Libraries of Polysubstituted Derivatives: Application to Molecular Solar Thermal Systems.

The prediction of a specific chemical property across a vast library of derivatives represents a formidable challenge. Conventional computational methodologies typically rely on brute-force calculations involving the computation of the property of interest for the entire library or a significant subset. In this study, we present a novel phenomenological approach to address this challenge, employing a perturbation theory-like framework to describe substituent effects.

Structure-Optical Properties Relationships in Cobalt-Based Purple Pigments Used by Robert Delaunay.

Following the industrial revolution and the modernization of chemistry, purple became one of the most popular colors in the palettes of late 19th- to 20th-century painters. Among them, Robert Delaunay (1885-1941) was one of the key artists of the avant-garde movement in France in the early 20th century. Although widely used in modern and contemporary paintings, inorganic purple pigments of the cobalt phosphate and cobalt arsenate families have been little studied chemically until now.

Signal Processing Workflow for Suspect Screening in LC × LC-HRMS: Efficient Extraction of Pure Mass Spectra for Identification of Suspects in Complex Samples Using a Mass Filtering Algorithm.

The data processing workflows for comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) hyphenated to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) operated in data-independent acquisition (DIA) are limited compared to their one-dimensional counterparts. A two-step workflow is proposed to extract pure mass spectra from LC × LC-HRMS. First, a mass filtering (MF) algorithm groups ions belonging to the same compound based on their elution profile similarity in the first (D) and second dimension (D).

Infrared Spectroscopic Electronic Noses: An Innovative Approach for Exhaled Breath Sensing.

Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, requiring the urgent development of innovative diagnostic tools for early detection. This study presents an integrated infrared spectroscopic electronic nose system, a novel device that combines infrared (IR) spectroscopy and electronic nose (eNose) concepts for analyzing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. This system was calibrated using relevant gas mixtures and then tested during a feasibility study involving 26 gastric cancer patients and 32 healthy controls using chemometric analyses to distinguish between exhaled breath profiles.

Freeze-Cast Composites of Alginate/Pyrophosphate-Stabilized Amorphous Calcium Carbonate: From the Nanoscale Structuration to the Macroscopic Properties.

Pyrophosphate-stabilized amorphous calcium carbonates (PyACC) are promising compounds for bone repair due to their ability to release calcium, carbonate, and phosphate ions following pyrophosphate hydrolysis. However, shaping these metastable and brittle materials using conventional methods remains a challenge, especially in the form of macroporous scaffolds, yet essential to promote cell colonization. To overcome these limitations, this article describes for the first time the design and multiscale characterization of freeze-cast alginate (Alg)-PyACC nanocomposite scaffolds.

Electrochemical Dechlorination of Gaseous Trichloroethylene to Nonchlorinated Value-Added Products Using a Cu/Ni Alloy Electrode with a Gel Membrane Interface.

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is widely used in various industrial applications, leading to significant environmental and public health concerns due to its toxicity and persistence. Current nonthermal liquid-phase TCE treatment methods, including electrochemical processes, typically produce liquid byproducts that require additional separation steps, limiting their efficiency. To overcome these challenges, this study introduces an innovative electrochemical approach for the direct conversion of TCE gas into less harmful gaseous products, utilizing a Cu/Ni alloy 3D foam electrode integrated with a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-sodium polyphosphate (SPP) gel membrane system.

Advances in Vaccine Adjuvants for Teleost Fish: Implications for Aquatic Welfare and the Potential of Nanoparticle-Based Formulations.

Vaccine adjuvants are crucial for reinforcing the immunogenicity of vaccines. Therefore, they are widely used in the aquaculture sector as vaccine components, facilitating the efficient prevention of infectious diseases and promoting sustainable teleost fish growth. Despite their benefits, there has been a growing concern about the potential adverse effects of vaccine adjuvants in teleost fish, connoting a valid impact on their overall health and welfare.

Turning Cancer Immunotherapy to the Emerging Immune Checkpoint TIGIT: Will This Break Through the Limitations of the Legacy Approach?

The discovery of immune checkpoints (ICs) has pushed cancer treatment into the next era. As an emerging immune checkpoint, the TIGIT/CD155 axis inhibits the cytotoxicity of T and NK cells through multiple pathways. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting TIGIT are hopefully expected to address the issue of unresponsiveness to anti-PD-(L)1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) by combination therapy.

A Comprehensive Dataset of Surface Electromyography and Self-Perceived Fatigue Levels for Muscle Fatigue Analysis.

Muscle fatigue is a risk factor for injuries in athletes and workers. This brings relevance to the study of this biochemical process to allow for its identification and prevention. This paper presents a novel dataset for muscle fatigue analysis comprising surface electromyography data from upper-limbs and the subject's self-perceived fatigue level.

Sensitivity Analysis of an Optical Interferometric Surface Stress Ethanol Gas Sensor with a Freestanding Nanosheet.

Ethanol (EtOH) gas detection has garnered considerable attention owing to its wide range of applications in industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, medical diagnostics, and fuel management. The development of highly sensitive EtOH-gas sensors has become a focus of research. This study proposes an optical interferometric surface stress sensor for detecting EtOH gas.

Acoustic Wave Sensor Detection of an Ovarian Cancer Biomarker with Antifouling Surface Chemistry.

Ovarian cancer (OC) must be detected in its early stages when the mortality rate is the lowest to provide patients with the best chance of survival. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a critical OC biomarker since its levels are elevated across all stages and increase with disease progression. This paper presents an LPA assay based on a thickness shear mode acoustic sensor with dissipation monitoring that involves a new thiol molecule 3-(2-mercaptoethanoxy)propanoic acid (HS-MEG-COOH).

Zein Nanoparticles-Loaded Flavonoids-Rich Fraction from : Potential Antileishmanial Applications.

Leishmaniasis, caused by protozoa of the genus , is a major global health issue due to the limitations of current treatments, which include low efficacy, high costs, and severe side effects. This study aimed to develop a more effective and less toxic therapy by utilizing zein nanoparticles (ZNPs) in combination with a nonpolar fraction (DCMF) from (Syn. ), a plant rich in dimeric flavonoids called brachydins.

Quality by Design Approach for the Formulation and Evaluation of Stem Cells Derived Rosmarinic Acid-Loaded Nanofibers as an Anti-Wrinkle Patch: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterizations.

Skin wrinkles result from a myriad of multifaceted processes involving intrinsic and extrinsic aging. To combat this effect, plant stem cells offer a renewable and eco-friendly source for various industries, including cosmeceuticals. (SM), which contains the bioactive compound Rosmarinic acid (RA) and has been proposed for its anti-wrinkle effect.

Liposomal Formulation of an Organogold Complex Enhancing Its Activity as Antimelanoma Agent-In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

The therapeutic management of melanoma, the most aggressive form of skin cancer, remains challenging. In the search for more effective therapeutic options, metal-based complexes are being investigated for their anticancer properties. Cisplatin was the first clinically approved platinum-based drug and, based on its success, other metals (e.

Nanoencapsulation of (Lam) DC-Essential Oil and Controlled Release: Experiments and Modeling.

Degradation by physical and chemical agents affects the properties of essential oils; therefore, this study aimed to protect the volatile compounds present in essential oils through biopolymer encapsulation. The (Lam) DC. essential oil was obtained by steam distillation at 2.

Extraction of Natural-Based Raw Materials Towards the Production of Sustainable Man-Made Organic Fibres.

Bioresources have been gaining popularity due to their abundance, renewability, and recyclability. Nevertheless, given their diverse composition and complex hierarchical structures, these bio-based sources must be carefully processed to effectively extract valuable raw polymeric materials suitable for producing man-made organic fibres. This review will first highlight the most relevant bio-based sources, with a particular focus on promising unconventional biomass sources (terrestrial vegetables, aquatic vegetables, fungi, and insects), as well as agroforestry and industrial biowaste (food, paper/wood, and textile).

Antifungal Activity of Ethanolic Extracts from Aeroponically Grown Cape Gooseberry ( L.) with LED Lights and Habituated Roots.

Green mold caused by is a major post-harvest disease in citrus fruits. Therefore, the search for sustainable and low-environmental-impact alternatives for the management of these fungi is of utmost importance. L.

Endemic Yucatan Peninsula Plants with Pesticidal Potential: Herbarium-Based Literature Review.

Agricultural pests present a significant challenge to humanity, often managed through synthetic chemicals that, when misused, can cause irreversible harm to both the environment and human health. This study focuses on endemic plants from the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, particularly from the state of Campeche, to identify their historical uses and propose an updated list of species with pesticide potential in the region. We systematically reviewed specimens from the Center for Sustainable Development and Wildlife Management (CEDESU) herbarium and local databases.

Phytochemical and Cytotoxic Aspects of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids in Species: A Review.

The genus (Amaryllidaceae) currently contains 25 plant species naturally occurring in Europe and the Middle East region. These perennial bulbous plants possess well-known medicinal and ornamental qualities. Alkaloid diversity is their most distinctive phytochemical feature.

Traditional Knowledge, Use, and Management of Among the Mijikenda Community in Kilifi, Kenya.

Although Lam. (Moringaceae) is a multipurpose tree with remarkable nutritional and therapeutic benefits, it is undervalued and neglected in Kenya, as the local people associate it with famine and poverty. The present study aims to assess and document the traditional knowledge on use and management as well as production constraints of the species among the Mijikenda community in Kilifi County, Kenya.

Cuatrec. and (Kunth) Cass.: Chemical and Enantioselective Analyses of Two Unprecedented Essential Oils from Ecuador.

This study presents the first chemical and enantioselective analyses of essential oils (EOs) derived from the leaves of two endemic species, Cuatrec. and (Kunth) Cass., from Loja, Ecuador.

Essential Oils Obtained from Sicilian Blanco By-Products: Antibacterial and Allelopathic Activity.

Mandarin, one of the winter fruits commonly used in the preparation of foods and juices, is a fruit native to China and Southeast Asia. In this work, essential oils (EOs) obtained from by-products of the Blanco flavedo of five cultivars present and cultivated within the Botanical Garden of Palermo were chemically and biologically studied: 'Avana' (), 'Tardivo di Ciaculli' (), 'Bombajensis' (), 'Aurantifolia' (), and 'Padre Bernardino' (). The GC and GC-MS analysis performed on all the extracted samples clearly highlighted the notable presence of limonene, a characteristic hydrocarbon monoterpene of EOs of the genus.

Harnessing the Antibacterial, Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Carcinogenic Properties of Linn (Tulsi).

Linn ( L.), commonly known as Holy Basil or Tulsi, is a fragrant herbaceous plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. This plant is widely cultivated and found in north-central parts of India, several Arab countries, West Africa and tropical regions of the Eastern World.