Prednisolone 20 mg vs 40 mg in complex regional pain syndrome type I: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: High dose of corticosteroid has been found beneficial in complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS-I). We report the efficacy and safety of prednisolone 20 mg versus 40 mg in CRPS-I in an open label randomized controlled trial.

Methods: The patients with CRPS-I of the shoulder joint with a CRPS score of ≥8 were included.

Sensory training system for use at home by people with complex regional pain syndrome in England: protocol for a proof-of-concept study.

Introduction: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disabling and distressing chronic pain condition characterised by a range of sensory, motor, autonomic and trophic symptoms. UK guidelines recommend therapy interventions to help normalise touch perception through self-administered tactile and thermal desensitisation activities. Interventions have been developed, aiming to help individuals broaden their sensory experience, thereby relieving chronic pain.

Ketamine for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Narrative Review Highlighting Dosing Practices and Treatment Response.

This is a narrative review of intravenous ketamine infusions for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). It briefly covers the definition of CRPS, its epidemiology, and other treatments before introducing ketamine as the article's focus. A summary of ketamine's evidence base and its mechanisms of action is provided.

Identification of Potential Inflammation-Related Genes and Key Pathways Associated with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain that affects the extremities after a trauma or nerve injury with no definite established treatment. The mechanisms mediating CRPS are not completely elucidated. Thus, we conducted a bioinformatics analysis to identify hub genes and key pathways to determine strategies for more effective treatments of CRPS.

A Systematic Review on Long-Term Postsurgical Pain Outcomes; What Is the Effect of Upper Extremity Regional Anesthesia?

Background: Chronic pain is a recognized complication of surgery, and it has been hypothesized that regional anesthesia might reduce the risk of development of chronic pain after upper extremity surgery.

Methods: A systematic literature review was performed to assess whether in patients undergoing elective upper extremity surgery (P), regional anesthesia (I), compared to general anesthesia (C), would result in lower long-term (>3 months) postoperative pain intensity (O). We included randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Disturbed insular functional connectivity and its clinical implication in patients with complex regional pain syndrome.

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is characterized by continued amplification of pain intensity. Given the pivotal roles of the insula in the perception and interpretation of pain, we examined insular functional connectivity and its associations with clinical characteristics in patients with CRPS.

Methods: Twenty-one patients with CRPS and 49 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Perspectives on the pharmacological management of complex regional pain syndrome.

Introduction: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition that is notoriously difficult to treat. Therapies for CRPS include cognitive behavioral, physical, and occupational therapy, single or multidrug pharmacotherapy, and a variety of interventional techniques. Unfortunately, randomized clinical trials of these therapies are limited.

Rehabilitation Interventions for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.

Objectives: An increasing number of systematic reviews have been conducted on various conservative management of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) targeting different rehabilitation interventions and objectives. The intent of this article was to summarize and critically appraise the body of evidence on conservative management of the CRPS and to provide an overall picture of the current state of the literature.

Methods: This study was an overview of systematic reviews on conservative treatments for CRPS.

Incidence and risk factors for complex regional pain syndrome in radius fractures: meta-analysis.

Purpose: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) in radius fractures.

Methods: The meta-analysis was performed using the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Collaboration Library databases. Studies focusing on patients with conservative or surgically treated radius fractures leading to CRPS were included.

Patients' experiences of treatment-relevant processes in multimodal pain rehabilitation for severe complex regional pain syndrome - a qualitative study.

Purpose: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a longstanding condition with spontaneous and evoked pain, that usually occurs in an upper or lower extremity. Although it often resolves within the first year, it may for a minority progress to a chronic and occasionally severely disabling condition. The aim of this study was to explore patients' experiences and perceived effects of a specific treatment, designed for patients with severe and highly disabling CRPS, in order to identify possible treatment-relevant processes.

Latent infection after spinal cord stimulation device implantation for complex regional pain syndrome: A case report.

Rationale: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is one of the invasive treatments of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). The positive effect has been observed for several years after implantation. However, infection is a common cause of SCS failure and device removal.

CXCL13 contributes to chronic pain of a mouse model of CRPS-I via CXCR5-mediated NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in spinal cord dorsal horn.

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome type-I (CRPS-I) causes excruciating pain that affect patients' life quality. However, the mechanisms underlying CRPS-I are incompletely understood, which hampers the development of target specific therapeutics.

Methods: The mouse chronic post-ischemic pain (CPIP) model was established to mimic CRPS-I.

Epidemiology of Upper Limb Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in a Retrospective Cohort of Persons Aged 9-30 Years, 2002-2017.

Introduction This paper describes the epidemiology and clinical presentation of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) in a large, integrated health care delivery system; and CRPS incidence rates (IRs) over a time period spanning human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine licensure and published case reports of CRPS following HPV vaccination. Methods The authors examined CRPS diagnoses in patients aged 9-30 years between January 2002 and December 2017 using electronic medical records, excluding patients with lower limb diagnoses only. Medical record abstraction and adjudication were conducted to verify diagnoses and describe clinical characteristics.

Resilience in patients with complex regional pain syndrome 1-a cross-sectional analysis of patients participating in a cross-sectional cohort study.

Objective: To assess the degree of resilience in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) 1, to explore the relationship between resilience and patient-related outcome measurements and to describe a pattern of clinical manifestations associated with low resilience.

Methods: This study presents a cross-sectional analysis of baseline information collected from patients enrolled in a single center study between February 2019 and June 2021. Participants were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the Department of Physical Medicine & Rheumatology of the Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.

A Pilot Study of Autonomic Function Screening Tests for Differentiating Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type II and Traumatic Neuropathic Pain.

One of the most challenging tasks in a clinical setting is to differentiate between complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type II and traumatic neuropathic pain (NeP). CRPS is characterized by several dysautonomic manifestations, such as edema, hyper/hypohidrosis, skin color change, and tachycardia. This study compared the outcomes of autonomic function screening tests in patients with CRPS type II and traumatic NeP for diagnostic differentiation.

Descriptive assessment of 54 cases with complex regional pain syndrome in lower limbs.

Introduction: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), also known as Sudeck syndrome, is a chronic painful condition usually affecting the limbs after trauma or surgery. Its presentation is heterogeneous and its physiopathology, diagnosis and treatment remain controversial. The objective of this study was to analyze a group of patients with this rare syndrome, describing in detail the results of the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and the response to bisphosphonate treatment.

Clinical results of lumbar sympathetic blocks in lower limb complex regional pain syndrome using infrared thermography as a support tool.

Aim: To describe the clinical outcomes for a group of complex regional pain syndrome patients using infrared thermography as an intraprocedural support tool when undertaking fluoroscopy-guided lumbar sympathetic blocks.

Subjects: 27 patients with lower limb complex regional pain syndrome accompanied by severe pain and persistent functional impairment.

Methods: A series of three fluoroscopic-guided lumbar sympathetic blocks with local anesthetic and corticoids using infrared thermography as an intraprocedural support tool were performed.

Characterizing biased visuospatial perception in complex regional pain syndrome.

Background: Patients suffering from complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) are increasingly shown to be affected by cognitive difficulties. While these cognitive symptoms were initially described as limited to the perception, representation and use of the body, that is, the somatic space, they were recently shown to also extend to the perception of extra-somatic space. CRPS patients seem indeed to pay less attention to visual stimuli occurring in the same side of space as their affected limb and especially those occurring close to that limb.

Daring discourse: economics of neuromodulation for the treatment of persistent spinal pain syndrome and complex regional pain syndrome.

The treatment options for patients with chronic pain conditions are impacted by recent research, patient needs, and insurance coverage. Although various factors affect the cost of healthcare, the economic burden on the patient and the healthcare system must be considered when choosing the appropriate treatments for each patient. This Daring Discourse aims to review and further clarify existing economic evaluations and thus examine cost-effectiveness with regards to neuromodulation for the treatment of persistent spinal pain syndrome and complex regional pain syndrome.

Role of patient selection and trial stimulation for spinal cord stimulation therapy for chronic non-cancer pain: a comprehensive narrative review.

Background/importance: Patient selection for spinal cord stimulation (SCS) therapy is crucial and is traditionally performed with clinical selection followed by a screening trial. The factors influencing patient selection and the importance of trialing have not been systematically evaluated.

Objective: We report a narrative review conducted to synthesize evidence regarding patient selection and the role of SCS trials.

The role of the bone in complex regional pain syndrome 1-A systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to appraise and analyse the knowledge on bone-related biochemical and histological biomarkers in complex regional pain syndrome 1 (CRPS 1).

Database: A total of 7 studies were included in the analysis (biochemical analyses n  = 3, animal study n  = 1, histological examination n  = 3).

Results: Two studies were classified as having a low risk of bias and five studies with a moderate risk of bias.

Optimising management of complex regional pain syndrome to improve clinical outcomes throughout the therapy care pathway in England: Protocol for a qualitative interview and observational study with patients and clinicians.

Introduction: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a disabling and distressing chronic pain condition characterised by a range of sensory, motor, autonomic and trophic symptoms. Guidelines recommend early referral for therapies that promote movement of the painful limb. However, evidence suggests a lack of defined therapy pathways for CRPS.