Diagnosis and treatment of primary thyroid lymphoma from a surgical perspective: a multi-institutional study.

Purpose: Surgery of primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) has been mostly limited to diagnostic work-up. This study aimed to further study its potential role.

Methods: This was a retrospective study from a multi-institutional registry of PTL patients.

Reduced accumulation of defective viral genomes contributes to severe outcome in influenza virus infected patients.

Influenza A virus (IAV) infection can be severe or even lethal in toddlers, the elderly and patients with certain medical conditions. Infection of apparently healthy individuals nonetheless accounts for many severe disease cases and deaths, suggesting that viruses with increased pathogenicity co-circulate with pandemic or epidemic viruses. Looking for potential virulence factors, we have identified a polymerase PA D529N mutation detected in a fatal IAV case, whose introduction into two different recombinant virus backbones, led to reduced defective viral genomes (DVGs) production.

[Peutz-Jeghers syndrome].

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is an inherited disorder which usually debuts during childhood. It is characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentation and hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. Numerous reports indicate a high incidence of gastrointestinal and extraintestinal cancer in these patients, their appearance at a young age, as well as its association with ovarian and testicular tumors.

[Study of presynaptic nigrostriatal pathway by 123-I-FD-CIT-SPECT (DatSCAN SPECT) in primary orthostatic tremor].

Introduction: Primary orthostatic tremor (OT) is defined as a clinical syndrome with high frequency (13-18 Hz) tremor when standing predominantly involving legs and trunk. OT is thought to be driven by an unique supraspinal tremor generator. Previous studies suggest that the nigrostriatal dopaminergic transmission is impaired in patients with OT.

[Superficial angiomyxoma].

Superficial angiomyxomas are clinically variable, infrequent, benign skin lesions. They are usually located on the trunk, but can also appear on the lower limbs, head and neck. They are diagnosed histologically, and are characterized by the fact that they are poorly delimited, multinodular tumors, and by the presence of interstitial myxoid material with scanty cellularity.

[Normolipemic plane xanthomas and mycosis fungoides].

Diffuse normolipemic plane xanthomas are characterized by the presence of yellowish plaques on the eyelids, neck, upper trunk, buttocks and flexures. Histology shows foamy histiocytes in the dermis. Approximately half of all cases are associated with hematological disorders.

[Panniculitic T-cell lymphoma].

Panniculitic T-cell lymphoma is a rare, aggressive variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, with fewer than 100 cases described. The main problem is its diagnosis, as both the clinical and the histological features may simulate benign panniculitis. We present the case of a 34-year-old male patient, who had presented with an indurated plaque, sclerodermiform in appearance, on the front of the right thigh for 4 months, later accompanied by fever and constitutional symptoms.

[Cutaneous epithelioid hemangioendothelioma].

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor of intermediate aggressiveness, which usually appears in adults. It generally affects soft tissues and, less frequently, the lungs and liver. Diagnosis is by histological evaluation, and the epithelioid appearance of the neoplastic endothelial cells is typical, as is the tendency to form vascular channels.

[Utility of 123-I ioflupane SPECT in the assessment of patients with Parkinsonian syndrome and cerebral vasculopathy].

Objective: To assess the utility of 123-I Ioflupane SPECT (IS) in the identification of the origin of Parkinsonism (vascular or idiopathic) in patients with cerebral vasculopathy (CV) demonstrated by morphological imaging techniques. Also, to assess the therapeutic impact.

Materials And Methods: 42 patients (16 males and 26 females) with a Parkinsonian syndrome were studied.

[Radioguided occult breast lesion location (ROLL)].

Objective: To obtain correct location of occult breast lesions by radiopharmaceutical methods.

Material And Methods: Sixty-one patients whose ages ranged from 32 to 83 years (average: 57), with non-palpable breast lesions detected by mammography were studied. Six of them had a background of previous breast cancer.

Isolated fracture of the coronoid process.

Approximately 2% to 15% of the patients with dislocated elbows are thought to present a fracture of the coronoid process of the ulna, but such a fracture does not often present in isolation. Its exact incidence is difficult to ascertain given the lack of studies on the subject. One case is presented of an isolated fracture of the coronoid process and it is placed in the context of the existing literature.

Risk and protective factors for drug abuse in adolescents. A longitudinal research.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to identify possible risk and protective factors for the development of problems with the use of drugs in adolescents.

Methods: A two years follow-up was carried out (from the 2nd to the 4th year of the Compulsory Secondary Education). Sociodemographic variables, general and eating psychopathology, family functioning and patterns of drugs use were assessed in 1,076 students.

[Positive exercise test and normal exercise myocardial perfusion SPECT. Clinical significance].

Objective: To establish, in our area, the clinical significance of a normal exercise myocardial perfusion study, in patients with an ischemic response of the exercise test.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in our Service for the last four years. We studied 45 patients (41 women and 4 men) with an ischemic response of the exercise test and normal myocardial perfusion SPECT, during a mean follow-up of 13,2 months.

[Functional impairment in elderly patients hospitalised in an Internal Medicine unit].

To determine the functional status in elderly patients after a hospitalisation in an Internal Medicine unit. We prospectively studied patients aged 80 or above hospitalised in the Hospital Provincial de Ciudad Real in an Internal Medicine unit, between February and July, 2003. The functional status was determined by Barthel Index.

[Urodynamic paradigms: from renaissance fibrilar theory to current Doppler-flowmetry].

Unlabelled: To perform a historical introduction and a review of the mathematical model, emphasizing that our mathematical model may be the solution to the viscoelastic model. It is evident that the same experiment has been repeated over half a century, with similar results in all cases. We also show one of the projects we are working on: the electro-vesicogram for the evaluation of the filling phase, and Doppler uroflowmetry for the study of the voiding phase.

[Antipsychotics in treatment of eating disorders patient: a study with risperidone].

Introduction: The use of antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of eating disorders (ED) patients is a controversial issue. Although a few studies support the systematic use of antipsychotics, they are frequently used, mainly in severe disorders with other associated psychopathological symptoms.

Methods: 27 ED patients were included in the study, 7 dropped-out prematurely or did not complete the pharmacological treatment.

[Study of the pre and post-synaptic dopaminergic system by DaTSCAN/IBZM SPECT in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonism in 75 patients].

Introduction: Essential tremor (ET) may be misdiagnosed as idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). In neurodegenerative diseases, structural imaging, such as CT or MRI, is of limited value for differentiating parkinsonian syndromes since structural changes are often only evident by the time the disease is far advanced. Most cases of symptomatic parkinsonism are vascular parkinsonism, but PD may coexist.

[The bases of urodynamics: analysis of stability of the solutions for the equation defining detrusor behaviour].

Objectives: In this article we develop the analysis of stability of the solution(s) of the differential equation describing detrusor behaviour as a forced and overcushioned tensor. We followed the theories of Lyapunov about stability. Therefore, we used a matricial method which is more didactical and also analytically more graphic.

[Serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels in patients with colorectal cancer and its prognostic significance].

Background And Objective: Thirty per cent of patients with histologically node-negative colorectal cancer die from disseminated disease. Actually disease stage is the most useful prognostic parameter although it is not sufficient. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic cytokine involved in the progression of tumors.

[Rationale of Doppler urodynamics and urodynamics. What does Doppler contribute to urodynamics?].

Objectives: To make an analysis of the usefulness of urodynamic tests and what can be obtained from them.

Methods: We also perform and analytical deduction of those parameters that define detrusor behavior, such as the constant defining bladder compliance, the bladder elastic constant, in its tensile properties, and we found the expression of resistances and calculate the abdominal pressure formula; therefore we don't need to introduce a rectal catheter to know the value of those parameters that define bladder dynamics.

Results: Although they are provisional, they allow foreseeing a promising future for this application of a well-known device.

[Prognostic significance and clinic utility of serum and immunohistochemical cathepsin B levels in colorectal cancer].

Background: Aproximately one third of node-negative colorectal cancer recur suggesting the presence of micrometastasis not detected by conventional histopathologic methods. We think that the role of enzymes like Cathepsin B play in the process of invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer might identify at earlier stages patients with high risk of shorter survival and who need more aggressive treatment. Our porpuse is to evaluate the prognostic significance of preoperative serum and inmunohistochemical levels of cathepsin B to identify colorectal carcinomas with worse prognostic.

[Urodynamic fundamentals, flow curve and urethral echo-Doppler. (Calculation of the urination strength and spectral power].

Objectives: We present the calculation of two parameters of practical interest for the urologists, which help to understand bladder phenomena. They are the real (total) power developed during micturition, and the spectral power of the flow curve, considered this as a finite time discrete signal.

Methods: We use Doppler ultrasound to calculate the propelling power of the urine towards the exterior.

Pulmonary thromboembolism after long car travel (Tromboembolismo pulmonar tras viaje prolongado en automóvil).

Prolonged immobility, especially bed rest for medical or surgical processes, constitutes one of the main risk factors for developing pulmonary thromboembolism. Immobility during extended plane or coach journeys (economy class syndrome) is not a frequent cause of serious pulmonary thromboembolism in healthy travellers. We report a case of serious pulmonary thromboembolism after a prolonged journey by car.

[Attitudes towards change in eating disorders (ACTA). Development and psychometric properties].

Introduction: The aim of the present study was the development of a self-reported instrument in Spanish to assess attitudes towa rds change in eating disord e rs (AC TA ) and to analyze its reliability and validity.

Methods: The questionnaire was elaborated following the transtheoretical approach of stages of changes, proposed by Prochaska and DiClemente and using the clinical records systematically registered regarding patients cognitions, behaviors and emotions related to the disorder. It was administered to 186 patients who where diagnosed an eating disorder according DSM-IV criteria.