Effect of a Novel Food Rich in Miraculin on the Intestinal Microbiome of Malnourished Patients with Cancer and Dysgeusia.

Background/objectives: Dysgeusia contributes to malnutrition and worsens the quality of life of patients with cancer. Despite the different strategies, there is no effective treatment for patients suffering from taste disorders provided by the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, we developed a novel strategy for reducing side effects in cancer patients by providing a novel food supplement with the taste-modifying glycoprotein miraculin, which is approved by the European Union, as an adjuvant to medical-nutritional therapy.

Bacteriocin-Producing Enterococci Modulate Cheese Microbial Diversity.

Cheese production involves various lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that break down lactose, milk proteins, and fats, producing key nutrients and influencing the cheese's flavor. They form communities that play a crucial role in determining the cheese's organoleptic properties. The composition of cheeses' microbial communities is shaped by physicochemical factors (e.

Integrated Analysis of Methylome and Transcriptome Responses to Exercise Training in Children with Overweight/Obesity.

We examined the effects of a 20-week exercise intervention on whole-blood genome-wide DNA methylation signature and its association with the exercise-induced changes in gene expression profiles in boys and girls with overweight/obesity (OW/OB). Twenty-three children (10.05 ± 1.

The Role of the Microbiome and of Radiotherapy-Derived Metabolites in Breast Cancer.

The gut microbiome has emerged as a crucial player in modulating cancer therapies, including radiotherapy. In the case of breast cancer, the interplay between the microbiome and radiotherapy-derived metabolites may enhance therapeutic outcomes and minimize adverse effects. In this review, we explore the bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiome and breast cancer.

Prevention of cardiometabolic diseases through dietary modifications.

Purpose Of Review: Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) increasingly contribute to the cumulative burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Here, we reviewed intervention studies using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design as well as meta-analyses of RCTs aimed at testing the effectiveness of different dietary approaches for CMD prevention.

Recent Findings: Recent studies testing dietary approaches for CMD prevention were summarized narratively, with a focus on interventions based on caloric restriction and fasting, healthy dietary patterns and food-based dietary modifications.

Physical Exercise and Mechanism Related to Alzheimer's Disease: Is Gut-Brain Axis Involved?

Background: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by structural changes in the brain, including hippocampal atrophy, cortical thinning, amyloid plaques, and tau tangles. Due to the aging of the global population, the burden of Alzheimer's disease is expected to increase, making the exploration of non-pharmacological interventions, such as physical exercise, an urgent priority.

Results: There is emerging evidence that regular physical exercise may mitigate the structural and functional declines associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Effect of a Novel Food Rich in Miraculin on the Oral Microbiome of Malnourished Oncologic Patients with Dysgeusia.

Background/objectives: Dysgeusia contributes to the derangement of nutritional status in patients with cancer as well as worsening the quality of life. There has been a lack of effective treatments for taste disorders provided by the pharmaceutical industry.

Methods: This was a pilot randomized, parallel, triple-blind, and placebo-controlled intervention clinical trial in which 31 malnourished patients with cancer and dysgeusia receiving antineoplastic treatment were randomized into three arms [standard dose of DMB (150 mg DMB/tablet), high dose of DMB (300 mg DMB/tablet) or placebo (300 mg freeze-dried strawberry)] for three months.

Particle Beam Radiobiology Status and Challenges: A PTCOG Radiobiology Subcommittee Report.

Particle therapy (PT) represents a significant advancement in cancer treatment, precisely targeting tumor cells while sparing surrounding healthy tissues thanks to the unique depth-dose profiles of the charged particles. Furthermore, their linear energy transfer and relative biological effectiveness enhance their capability to treat radioresistant tumors, including hypoxic ones. Over the years, extensive research has paved the way for PT's clinical application, and current efforts aim to refine its efficacy and precision, minimizing the toxicities.

Cancer and the Microbiome of the Human Body.

Cancer remains a public health concern worldwide, with its incidence increasing worldwide and expected to continue growing during the next decades. The microbiome has emerged as a central factor in human health and disease, demonstrating an intricate relationship between the microbiome and cancer. Although some microbiomes present within local tissues have been shown to restrict cancer development, mainly by interacting with cancer cells or the host immune system, some microorganisms are harmful to human health and risk factors for cancer development.

Relationship between Infant Feeding and the Microbiome: Implications for Allergies and Food Intolerances.

Childhood is a critical period for immune system development, which is greatly influenced by the gut microbiome. Likewise, a number of factors affect the gut microbiome composition and diversity, including breastfeeding, formula feeding, and solid foods introduction. In this regard, several studies have previously demonstrated that breastfeeding promotes a favorable microbiome.

Antioxidant Functions of Vitamin D and CYP11A1-Derived Vitamin D, Tachysterol, and Lumisterol Metabolites: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Future Directions.

Evidence is increasing that vitamin D and CYP11A1-derived vitamin D, tachysterol, and lumisterol metabolites play a significant antioxidant role beyond its classical functions in bone health and calcium metabolism. Several recent studies have linked these elements to reduced oxidative stress as well as improved immune, cardiovascular, and neurological functions as a result of chronic kidney disease and cancer. Additionally, supplementation with this vitamin has been shown to be one of the most cost-effective micronutrient interventions worldwide, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic approach.

Breast Cancer: Extracellular Matrix and Microbiome Interactions.

Breast cancer represents the most prevalent form of cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among females worldwide. It has been reported that several risk factors contribute to the appearance and progression of this disease. Despite the advancements in breast cancer treatment, a significant portion of patients with distant metastases still experiences no cure.

[Review of nutrition and hydration in relation to physical exercise during pregnancy].

Studies on nutritional recommendations for pregnant women who exercise are scarce. The objective of this article is not to focus on the diet of pregnant women as a whole, but to review those aspects of it that may be related to physical exercise. To this end, the nutritional and hydration recommendations contained in the main clinical practice guides on physical exercise during pregnancy are collected, including the first Spanish guides.

Efficacy and Safety of Habitual Consumption of a Food Supplement Containing Miraculin in Malnourished Cancer Patients: The CLINMIR Pilot Study.

Taste disorders (TDs) are common among systemically treated cancer patients and negatively impact their nutritional status and quality of life. The novel food approved by the European Commission (EFSA), dried miracle berries (DMB), contains the natural taste-modifying protein miraculin. DMB, also available as a supplement, has emerged as a possible alternative treatment for TDs.

Epigenetics, Microbiota, and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. According to recent studies, alterations in the microbiota and epigenetic modulations are risk factors for this disease. This systematic review aims to determine the possible associations between the intestinal and mammary microbial populations, epigenetic modifications, and breast cancer.

Specific microbiome patterns and their association with breast cancer: the intestinal microbiota as a potential biomarker and therapeutic strategy.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most diagnosed cancers in women. Based on histological characteristics, they are classified as non-invasive, or in situ (tumors located within the milk ducts or milk lobules) and invasive. BC may develop from in situ carcinomas over time.

Unveiling the Binding between the Armadillo-Repeat Domain of Plakophilin 1 and the Intrinsically Disordered Transcriptional Repressor RYBP.

Plakophilin 1 (PKP1), a member of the p120ctn subfamily of the armadillo (ARM)-repeat-containing proteins, is an important structural component of cell-cell adhesion scaffolds although it can also be ubiquitously found in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. RYBP (RING 1A and YY1 binding protein) is a multifunctional intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) best described as a transcriptional regulator. Both proteins are involved in the development and metastasis of several types of tumors.

The Effects of Acute Deep Seawater Supplementation on Muscle Function after Triathlon.

Trainers and athletes have always sought to reduce the failure of muscle function during long endurance events. However, nowadays, it is a topic that is generating much debate in the scientific field. Currently, deep-sea water (DSW) intake seems to be a suitable hydration alternative for this type of endurance event.

Early heart and skeletal muscle mitochondrial response to a moderate hypobaric hypoxia environment.

In eukaryotic cells, aerobic energy is produced by mitochondria through oxygen uptake. However, little is known about the early mitochondrial responses to moderate hypobaric hypoxia (MHH) in highly metabolic active tissues. Here, we describe the mitochondrial responses to acute MHH in the heart and skeletal muscle.

A Clustering Study of Dietary Patterns and Physical Activity among Workers of the Uruguayan State Electrical Company.

Recent studies have shown that certain nutrients, specific food groups, or general dietary patterns (DPs) can promote health and prevent noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCCDs). Both developed and developing countries experience a high prevalence of NCCDs due to poor lifestyle habits, DPs, and low physical activity levels. This study aims to examine the dietary, physical activity, sociodemographic, and lifestyle patterns of Uruguayan State Electrical Company workers (the IN-UTE study).

Using Redox Proteomics to Gain New Insights into Neurodegenerative Disease and Protein Modification.

Antioxidant defenses in biological systems ensure redox homeostasis, regulating baseline levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS). Oxidative stress (OS), characterized by a lack of antioxidant defenses or an elevation in ROS and RNS, may cause a modification of biomolecules, ROS being primarily absorbed by proteins. As a result of both genome and environment interactions, proteomics provides complete information about a cell's proteome, which changes continuously.

Effect of Regular Consumption of a Miraculin-Based Food Supplement on Taste Perception and Nutritional Status in Malnourished Cancer Patients: A Triple-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial-CLINMIR Pilot Protocol.

Taste disorders are common among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, with a prevalence ranging from 20% to 86%, persisting throughout treatment. This condition leads to reduced food consumption, increasing the risk of malnutrition. Malnutrition is associated not only with worse treatment efficacy and poor disease prognosis but also with reduced functional status and quality of life.

From Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Liver Cancer: Microbiota and Inflammation as Key Players.

It is estimated that 25% of the world's population has non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This disease can advance to a more severe form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a disease with a greater probability of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NASH could be characterized as a necro-inflammatory complication of chronic hepatic steatosis.

The Interplay between Microbiota and Chemotherapy-Derived Metabolites in Breast Cancer.

The most common cancer in women is breast cancer, which is also the second leading cause of death in this group. It is, however, important to note that some women will develop or will not develop breast cancer regardless of whether certain known risk factors are present. On the other hand, certain compounds are produced by bacteria in the gut, such as short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids, and other metabolites that may be linked to breast cancer development and mediate the chemotherapy response.