Predictive Factors for Anxiety during Blood Sampling and Insertion of Peripheral Intravenous Catheters in Paediatric Patients in Spain.

Introduction: Invasive procedures for diagnosis purposes such as venepuncture and peripheral venous catheter insertion are painful procedures that cause great stress for paediatric patients. The objective of this study is to find out the factors that have an impact on the level of anxiety experienced by children undertaken these procedures.

Design And Methods: Prospective study, 359 children between 2 and 15 years old were included, treated in a tertiary reference hospital in the region of Navarra (Spain).

Age at disease onset may help to further characterize the disease phenotype in psoriatic arthritis.

Objective: To evaluate whether the age of disease presentation helps to better characterize the disease phenotype in PsA.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study that included 205 consecutive patients fulfilling the CASPAR criteria for PsA. Study outcomes were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses according to the age of onset of both skin and joint disease (cut off at 40years).

[Complications using the laser].

In this paper we analyze the complications of various applications of laser in urology. The search of a minor aggression trying to diminish complications have lead the development of the use of this energy in the most frequent urologic pathologies. Its use in the fragmentation of ureteral stones has modified the therapeutic algorithms.

[Incidence of bacterial translocation in four different models of experimental short bowel syndrome].

Unlabelled: The outcome of patients with short bowel syndrome is influenced for factors such as the length of remnant intestine or the presence or absence of ileocecal valve (ICV). Gram-negative sepsis, the main cause of mortality in this group of children, is probably due to bacterial translocation (BT), because after gut resection there are a number of circumstances that favour its occurrence, being the most known intestinal dismotility, bacterial overgrowth, loss of gut-associated lymphoid tissue, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and fasting related mucosal atrophy. The aim of this experimental controlled study was to test the incidence of BT after four different types of gut resection, in animals fed orally or receiving TPN.

[Beneficial effects of Bifidobacterium lactis in the prevention of bacterial translocation in experimental short bowel syndrome].

Background: Probiotics are live organisms that survive passage through the gastrointestinal tract and have beneficial effects on the host. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium have been recommended in cholesterol lowering, acute diarrhea, prevention of cancer or inflammatory bowel disease. On the other hand, after massive bowel resection bacterial overgrowth is frequent and favours the occurrence of bacterial translocation (BT).

[Tissue antioxidant capacity and bacterial translocation in parenteral nutrition. Experimental study].

Alterations in the antioxidant system (AS) has been observed during total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Light exposure or changes in the composition of TPN may affect this deleterious effect. On the other hand, bacterial translocation (BT) is frequent under TPN and may be related to AS.

HFE gene mutations analysis in Basque hereditary haemochromatosis patients and controls.

C282Y/C282Y genotype is the prevalent genotype in Hereditary Haemochromatosis (HH), however, other genotypes have been associated with the disease. The objective of our study was to analyse the frequency of the three main mutations of HFE gene in HH patients and controls from the Basque population with differential genetic characteristics. Thirty five HH patients and 116 controls were screened for C282Y, H63D and S65C mutations using a PCR-RFLP technique.

Clinical features and predictive factors in psoriatic arthritis-related uveitis.

Objectives: To analyze the clinical features of uveitis in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and to investigate the factors predicting its appearance.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective cohort study (1991-2000) of 71 patients diagnosed with PsA according to the criteria of Moll and Wright. All patients were studied according to a standard protocol.

[Schistosomiasis of the spinal cord. Case report].

The authors report a case of a 34 year-old woman who, in the last four years, had travelled to Africa frequently, and developed a progressive clinical (about three months) dysfunction of the conus medullaris mainly consisting in sensitive disturbances. The MRI showed an intramedullary spinal cord lesion, and specific laboratory tests were negative. A biopsy for histologic diagnosis, showed a granulomatous tissue with eggs of S.

[Bacterial translocation associated with short bowel: role of ileocecal valve and cecum].

Sepsis in short bowel syndrome (SBS) is due in part to bacterial translocation (BT). Parenteral nutrition (PN) is often necessary in SBS and promotes BT. The presence of ileocecal valve (ICV) has been considered as a good prognostic factor in the outcome of this children.

Periarticular calcinosis associated with anti-Jo-1 antibodies sine myositis. Expanding the clinical spectrum of the antisynthetase syndrome.

We describe a 58-year-old woman who developed interstitial lung disease (ILD), polyarthritis, and anti-Jo-1 antibodies, with no clinical evidence of myositis. Despite successful treatment with corticosteroid and azathioprine for her arthritis and pulmonary condition, she developed deforming arthropathy of the hands, with periarticular calcinosis. The association of anti-Jo-1 antibodies, ILD, and periarticular calcinosis with subluxing arthropathy sine myositis is rare, with few cases reported.

[Suitability of antibiotic prescription in primary care in the Basque Autonomous Community].

Objective: To study the variability and suitability of antibiotic prescription in primary care in the Basque Country.

Design: Prospective, descriptive study.

Setting: Basque Country health care centres both within and not in the reformed network.

[Psychotic disorder in Prader Willi syndrome: a case report].

In the Prader-Willi Syndrome the psychiatric symptoms are fundamentally behavioral disorders and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in relation with food. These aspects have been published previously. Nevertheless, psychotic manifestations in this syndrome are infrequent.

Disseminated infection and colonization by Scedosporium prolificans: a review of 18 cases, 1990-1999.

Scedosporium prolificans infection was analyzed in 18 patients from whom the fungus was isolated during the period 1990-1999. Of these 18 patients, 12 had some predisposing factor and either unconfirmed infection or colonization, and 6 patients had confirmed disseminated infection: 4 patients with leukemia died, 1 patient with breast cancer who underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation survived, and 1 patient with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome died, although the fungal infection did not seem to affect his clinical symptoms.

[Effect of various trophic factors on bacterial translocation in experimental short bowel syndrome].

Massive bowel resection triggers an adaptive process in the remaining intestine in spite of which, bacterial translocation (BT) is frequent under these conditions. Several trophic factors, including growth hormone (GH), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insuline (INS) are involved in the process of adaptation in short bowel syndrome (SBS). However, the effect of GH, EGF or INS on BT has not been investigated experimentally.

Prediction of in-vivo efficacy by in-vitro early bactericidal activity with oral beta-lactams, in a dose-ranging immunocompetent mouse sepsis model, using strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae with decreasing susceptibilities to penicillin.

Killing curves and a sepsis model were performed with Streptococcus pneumoniae strains (MICs of penicillin = 0.01, 1, 2 and 4 mg/L) to assess the in vivo effect of in vitro early bactericidal activity. Optimal bactericidal concentration (OBC) was defined as the minimal concentration needed to obtain the maximal bactericidal activity during the sampling time for colony counting in killing curves.

Molecular evidence of homosexual transmission of HIV type 2 in Spain.

Eight HIV-2-infected Caucasian men living in the same geographical area in Gipuzkoa (northern Spain) have been identified in the last 5 years. HIV-2 infection in this area is uncommon, and no other cases of HIV-2 infection have been found after extensive testing for HIV-1/2 antibodies. Epidemiological data suggested a possible link among the identified subjects, with homosexual contact being the most likely way of transmission.

Incidence, seasonality and serotypes of rotavirus in Gipuzkoa (Basque Country), Spain. A 14-year study.

Over a 14-year period (1984-97) the presence of rotavirus in stool samples from children under 15 years with acute gastroenteritis was studied by enzymoimmunoanalysis. Serotyping (G1-G4) was performed using monoclonal antibodies. A total of 17,348 children under 15 were investigated.

Lateral stabilizing structures of the knee: functional anatomy and injuries assessed with MR imaging.

The lateral aspect of the knee is stabilized by a complex arrangement of ligaments, tendons, and muscles. These structures can be demonstrated with routine spin-echo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sequences performed in the sagittal, coronal, and axial planes. Anterolateral stabilization is provided by the capsule and iliotibial tract.

Comparison of the automated nonradiometric Bactec MGIT 960 system with Löwenstein-Jensen, Coletsos, and Middlebrook 7H11 solid media for recovery of mycobacteria.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of as well as the time to detection of mycobacteria by three procedures: solid media with traditional reading, microscopy on solid media, and liquid culture using the automated nonradiometric Bactec MGIT 960 system. A total of 2832 respiratory specimens were tested, 315 of which were positive for mycobacteria. The most frequently isolated species was Mycobacterium tuberculosis (201 isolates).