Effects of Dietary Habits on General and Abdominal Obesity in Community-dwelling Patients with Schizophrenia.

Objective: To investigate the effects of dietary habits on general and abdominal obesity in community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder according to sex.

Methods: A total of 270 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder registered at mental health welfare centers and rehabilitation facilities were recruited. General obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m, and abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumstance ≥ 90 cm in men and ≥ 85 cm in women.

Effectiveness of adding motivational interviewing or a stratified vocational advice intervention to usual case management on return to work for people with musculoskeletal disorders: the MI-NAV randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To evaluate if adding motivational interviewing (MI) or a stratified vocational advice intervention (SVAI) to usual case management (UC), reduced sickness absence over 6 months for workers on sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders.

Methods: We conducted a three-arm parallel pragmatic randomised controlled trial including 514 employed workers (57% women, median age 49 (range 24-66)), on sick leave for at least 50% of their contracted work hours for ≥7 weeks. All participants received UC.

A systematic review on the use of action research methods in mental health nursing care.

Aims: To identify and synthesize evidence on the use of action research methods in mental health nursing care.

Design: Systematic review.

Data Sources: CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases were searched in January 2021.

Clinical decision-making style preferences of European psychiatrists: Results from the Ambassadors survey in 38 countries.

Background: While shared clinical decision-making (SDM) is the preferred approach to decision-making in mental health care, its implementation in everyday clinical practice is still insufficient. The European Psychiatric Association undertook a study aiming to gather data on the clinical decision-making style preferences of psychiatrists working in Europe.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey involving a sample of 751 psychiatrists and psychiatry specialist trainees from 38 European countries in 2021, using the Clinical Decision-Making Style - Staff questionnaire and a set of questions regarding clinicians' expertise, training, and practice.

Risk factors for postpartum depression among sexual minority and heterosexual parents.

Objective: Postpartum depression (PPD), a major depressive episode with postpartum onset, develops in 15% of mothers. Although findings suggest sexual minority parents may be at risk for PPD, research among this population is scarce. We evaluated risk factors for PPD in a sample of sexual minority and heterosexual parents.

Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8.

Transgender healthcare is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field. In the last decade, there has been an unprecedented increase in the number and visibility of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people seeking support and gender-affirming medical treatment in parallel with a significant rise in the scientific literature in this area. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) is an international, multidisciplinary, professional association whose mission is to promote evidence-based care, education, research, public policy, and respect in transgender health.

Positive impact of InteGRO, a new salutogenic psychoeducational intervention, in managing covid-19 pandemic and lockdown aftermath.

Aim: The covid-19 pandemic/lockdown had a great impact on Severe Mental Illnesses (SMI) on the following variables: adherence to protective measures, infection, Covid-related psychopathology, stress related symptoms exacerbation, social relationship loss and higher mortality risk. InteGRO, a new effective salutogenic-psychoeducational approach, has been designed to help people with SMI manage their life-stress and achieve personal recovery goals through improved social functioning. Positive outcomes after pandemic/lockdown in patients trained with InteGRO and also their opinion about its usefulness are discussed.

An apprenticeship model in the training of psychotherapy students. Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial and qualitative investigation.

Background: One approach towards advancing the quality of mental health care is to improve psychotherapists' skills through education and training. Recently, psychotherapy training has benefitted from adapting training methods from other professions (e.g.

Accessibility and interventions of crisis resolution teams: a multicenter study of team practices and team differences in Norway.

Background: Components of crisis resolution teams' (CRTs) practices have been defined in recommendations and a fidelity scale, and surveys have reported how team leaders describe CRT practices. However, studies on CRTs have not measured and reported details of the crisis intervention provided to individual service users. The present study aimed to measure how various components of CRT practice were provided to individual service users and differences in practice between CRTs.

Retinal changes in bipolar disorder as an endophenotype candidate: Comparison of OCT-detected retinal changes in patients, siblings, and healthy controls.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that detects retinal changes reflecting neurodegeneration. In recent studies in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) abnormal OCT findings have shown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the retinal changes in BD patients and their healthy siblings (HS) by comparing them with the healthy control (HC) group and to explore these findings as potential endophenotype candidates.

Effectiveness and Quality of Life with Paliperidone Palmitate 3-Monthly in Comparison with Other Long-Acting Drugs.

Purpose: Antipsychotic long-acting injections (AP-LAIs) are indicated for patients affected by schizophrenia especially those with poor treatment adherence.

Patients And Methods: To compare paliperidone palmitate 3-monthly (PP3M), paliperidone palmitate one-monthly (PP1M) and haloperidol decanoate (HAL-D) treatment, we enrolled 90 patients with schizophrenia treated in Mental Health Center with one of the three AP-LAIs for at least six months and followed them for another 6 months. At 6 and 12 months of treatment we administered Clinical Global Impression-Severity, Global Assessment of Functioning and World Health Organization Quality of Life-26 items (WHOQOL-BREF).

Similarities and differences between service users' and carers' experiences of crisis resolution teams in Norway: a survey.

Background: Crisis resolution team (CRT) care in adult mental health services is intended to provide accessible and flexible short-term, intensive crisis intervention to service users experiencing a mental health crisis and involve their carers (next of kin). Research on users' and especially carers' experiences with CRT care is scarce and is mostly qualitative in nature.

Methods: Altogether, 111 service users and 86 carers from 28 Norwegian CRTs were interviewed with The Service User and Carer Structured Interviews of the CORE Crisis Resolution Team Fidelity Scale Version 2.

Comparing retinal changes measured by optical coherence tomography in patients with schizophrenia and their siblings with healthy controls: Are retinal findings potential endophenotype candidates?

Aim: The aim of our study is to examine whether differences in retinal structure may reflect endophenotypes for schizophrenia by comparing thicknesses of retinal layers between patients with schizophrenia, their unaffected siblings, and healthy control groups and investigating the relationship between OCT findings and disease parameters.

Material And Methods: 46 patients with schizophrenia, their 46 healthy siblings, and 46 age and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study and underwent spectral domain OCT (examinations to assess differences in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell layer (GCL)+ inner plexiform layer (IPL) thicknesses and macular volumes (MV) in both eyes). Clinical variables were also recorded in the patient group.

Effectiveness of group metacognitive training and cognitive-behavioural therapy in a transdiagnostic manner for young patients with psychotic and non-psychotic disorders.

Aim: To investigate group metacognitive training and cognitive-behavioural therapy (MCT/CBT) prospectively in a young population with various psychiatric disorders, including psychotic and mood disorders.

Methods: This was a prospective study to investigate the effectiveness of group MCT/CBT on quality of life, psychotic symptoms, depression, self-esteem, perceived stress, social function and social cognition. The objective measures included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), clinical global impression (CGI), personal and social performance scale for social functioning, a computerized continuous performance test for sustained attention and a computerized emotional recognition test for social cognition.

Effects of COVID-19-related stress and fear on depression in schizophrenia patients and the general population.

This study compared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related stress, fear of infection, loneliness, and depression between patients with schizophrenia and the general population. A face-to-face survey was administered to 1340 patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder and online survey of the general population (n = 2000) was conducted. The information gathered included the level of COVID-19-related stress, fear of infection, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score, and the three-item UCLA Loneliness Scale score.

Examining well-being in posttraumatic stress disorder treatment: An explorative study.

Although the importance of well-being in mental health is widely acknowledged, well-being as a predictor of and outcome in the treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has received little attention. This naturalistic study aimed to investigate well-being in the context of care-as-usual treatment for PTSD. Patients with PTSD attending a community mental health center (N = 318) completed measures of well-being and PTSD symptoms before and after symptom-focused treatment.

A scoping review of studies into crisis resolution teams in community mental health services.

Background And Purpose Of Article: Crisis Resolution Teams (CRT) for rapid assessment and short-term treatment of mental health problems have increasingly been implemented internationally over the last decades. Among the Nordic countries, the CRT model has been particularly influential in Norway, where 'Ambulante akutteam (AAT)' is a widespread psychiatric emergency service for adult patients. However, the clinical practice of these teams varies significantly.

Effectiveness of a brief dialectical behavior therapy intensive-outpatient community health program.

Standard dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), with its 12-month format, has a documented record of efficacy. While emerging evidence is supportive of DBT adaptations in community mental health settings and brief, intensive formats, many of these studies are limited by sample size of its DBT group, by omission of program completion rates and specific data from program noncompleters, and by focusing solely on symptom-focused measures-which inadvertently omits observing gains associated with well-being. We used a nonexperimental design to assess client outcomes on pathology-focused and positive-psychology measures in a brief DBT intensive-outpatient Community Mental Health Center in the midwestern United States for program graduates and program dropouts who completed at least two surveys ( = 77).

Examining the psychometric properties of the Integrative Hope Scale's English translation in a mixed-diagnostic community health sample.

Objective: Our objective is to provide preliminary evidence of the English translation of the Integrative Hope Scale (IHS). Hope is a critical concept for recovery. Synthesizing from other hope models, Schrank and colleagues developed the IHS.

Addressing the punitive parent mode in schema therapy for borderline personality disorder: Short-term effects of the empty chair technique as compared to cognitive challenging.

Background And Objectives: In Schema Therapy (ST) for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) patients the empty chair technique (EC) is often used to diminish the 'punitive parent mode' (PP). The present study is a first attempt to assess whether EC is more effective in reducing the PP than a standard Cognitive Behavioral Therapy technique (CT).

Methods: We utilized a counterbalanced, crossover design comparing one EC session to one CT session in twenty patients with a primary BPD diagnosis who had started ST.

Higher Dietary Inflammation in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Case-Control Study in Korea.

Inflammation is a risk factor for the onset and progression of schizophrenia, and dietary factors are related to chronic inflammation. We investigated whether the dietary inflammatory index (DII) is associated with schizophrenia in the Korean population. Of the 256 subjects who responded to the questionnaire, 184 subjects (117 controls; 67 individuals with schizophrenia) were included in this case-control study.