Histopathological Analysis of Elongated Styloid Processes: A New Light on Etiopathogenesis of Eagle's Syndrome.

There exists paucity in recorded literature on the detailed microscopic appearance of elongated styloid processes (ESPs) in patients with Eagle's syndrome (ES). Although literature is replete with numerous conflicting and inconclusive theories, the exact cause, mechanism of origin, development and progression of styloid apparatus enlargement remains unclear and ambiguous. To carry out detailed histopathogical examination of excised specimen of ESPs in a patient with ES, with the objective to determine its precise etiomorphogenesis, and to analyse the role of possible triggering factors.

A case of extreme skeletal class III Malocclusion beyond the envelope of discrepancy, managed effectively by a modified ortho-surgical protocol.

Correction of severe anteroposterior skeletal discrepancy, as described in this case of Extreme Skeletal Class III Malocclusion, can be challenging and fraught with difficulties. Conventional, single stage Bi-jaw Orthognathic surgery, with pre-and post-surgical orthodontics is associated with drawbacks such as risk of relapse and an unsatisfactory outcome, with persisting occlusal discrepancies and skeletal abnormalities, especially when the magnitude of skeletal correction is large. Excessive mandibular setback restricts tongue space, narrows the posterior airway and pharyngeal spaces, and is prone to relapse from the forward pterygomasseteric pull; while large maxillary advancements are accompanied by wound dehiscence, bone exposure and delayed union at the site of pterygomaxillary disjunction, and risk of relapse due to backward palatopharyngeal pull.

A Rare Fracture Pattern with Extensive Disruption of the Zygomatico-Orbito-Maxillary Complex.

A case of an unusually oriented fracture pattern and significant disruption of the right Zygomatico-orbito-maxillary complex, with severe comminution and gross displacement of its skeletal components, is described. Wide surgical access to all the fracture sites was provided by a combination of hemicoronal and intraoral surgical approaches. This enabled successful reduction, precise reapproximation, and stable fixation of the multiple displaced fracture fragments.

Frontal Bone Fractures and Frontal Sinus Injuries: Treatment Paradigms.

Background: Timely, expeditious and appropriate management of Frontal bone fractures and associated Frontal Sinus (FS) injuries are both crucial as well as challenging. Treatment options vary considerably, depending upon the nature, extent and severity of these injuries as well as operator skill, expertise and experience. In cases of posterior table fractures of the Frontal Sinus, literature reports have in general, propounded direct visualization and exploration of the sinus via a bifrontal craniotomy, followed by sinus cranialization.

The dilemma of extensive unilocular radiolucent lesions of the jaws - value of immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic marker and prognostic Indicator.

Introduction: Large Unilocular radiolucent lesions of the jaws often present a dilemma to both, the Oral Pathologist and the Maxillofacial surgeon with regards to their accurate diagnosis as well as their most appropriate treatment modality. A precise identification as to whether the lesion is a cyst or a tumor is imperative before any treatment is instituted. Once the correct diagnosis and likely prognosis are established, a management protocol can be planned which will completely eliminate the lesion, while at the same time, ensure least possible morbidity for the patient, such as pathological jaw fractures, persisting neurological deficits, esthetic deformity, functional debility, recurrence/persistence of the lesion, etc.