Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Outcome in HIV-Infected Patients Coinfected with Tuberculosis in Pakistan.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) coinfection in human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected patients is considered a risk of antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure. Coadministration of antitubercular therapy (ATT) with ART is another challenge for TB management.

Objective: The study was aimed at investigating contributing factors affecting treatment outcomes in HIV-/TB-coinfected patients.

The Association of Helicobacter pylori With Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy in Patients With and Without Cirrhosis.

Introduction: Cirrhosis and its associated complication of portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG), among others, remain a significant cause of death in resource-poor countries with limited capacity for liver transplantation. This research aimed to assess the association of () with portal hypertensive gastropathy and its severity in patients with and without cirrhosis.

Methodology: The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan from April 2021 to May 2022.

Extensively Drug-Resistant Typhoidal Salmonellae: Are These Bugs Swarming Into Suburban and Rural Areas of Pakistan?

Background Typhoid is a serious public health concern with increasing antibiotic resistance. Early suspicion and choice of susceptible antibiotics are key to avoiding the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. We have carried out this study to assess the antibiotic sensitivity of typhoidal salmonellae in Kharian, Pakistan.

A Novel Technique for Thyroplasty Type 1, With Prolene Mesh Implant.

Objective: To analyze the efficacy of a modified approach to thyroplasty type one using prolene mesh implant.

Study Design: Interventional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Combined Military Hospital Kharian, Pakistan, in Ent department, from July 2020 to Jan 2021.