3,890 results match your criteria: "Combined B-Cell and T-Cell Disorders"

Introduction: The association of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and cystic fibrosis (CF) is rare. We present the case of a paediatric patient affected by CF and refractory B-cell precursor (BCP) ALL, who was treated with combined chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) and allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Case Description: Autologous-CD19 targeting CAR-T allowed to achieve molecular remission and spare chemo-related toxicity.

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Post-CAR T-Cell Therapy Failure Metabolic Parameters Predict Survival and Response in Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Hematol Oncol

January 2025

Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) parameters have shown a significant prognostic role in relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) patients undergoing CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. While a substantial body of evidence exists on the prognostic value of PET/CT parameters in peri-CAR T setting, data available on the prognostic value of PET/CT parameters following CAR T-cell therapy failure is lacking. Therefore, we sought to analyze the PET/CT scans of LBCL patients who experienced post-CAR T relapsed/progressive disease and subsequently received salvage therapies.

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Spatial transcriptomics and immune cell profiling of the host ectocervical landscape of HIV infected Kenyan sex working women.

Front Immunol

December 2024

Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.

Introduction: Chronic immune activation is a hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection that significantly impacts disease pathogenesis. However, in-depth studies characterizing the immunological landscape of the ectocervix during chronic HIV infection remain scarce despite the importance of this tissue site for HIV transmission.

Methods: Ectocervical tissue samples were obtained from antiretroviral-naïve HIV-seropositive and -seronegative Kenyan female sex workers.

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Background: Bridging therapy can prevent patients from disease progression while waiting for CAR-T cell preparation. Hyper-fractionated radiotherapy can achieve an effective target dose within a short period, minimize radiation damage, and may modify immune environment compared to conventional radiotherapy.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of bridging hyper-fractionated radiotherapy in combination with CAR-T therapy for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

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Treatment of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in India as per modified BFM 95 protocol with Minimal Residual Disease monitoring.

Hematology

December 2025

Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medanta, Gurgaon, India.

Survival outcomes of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) in the developing world have lagged. Here we report improved outcomes of pediatric ALL from India. We analyzed outcomes of children with ALL treated at our center between 2016 and 2021.

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Warehouse-based, immunopeptidome-guided design of personalised peptide vaccines shows feasibility in clinical trial evaluation in CLL patients.

Front Immunol

December 2024

Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Unlabelled: Cancer peptide vaccination represents a promising therapeutic approach, but has been hampered by lack of suitable antigens and restricted applicability due to different HLA backgrounds of individual patients. We here introduce a novel warehouse-based concept for composition of personalized peptide vaccines and report on its successful application in a Phase II clinical trial in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) after first-line therapy. 26 CLL patients in at least partial remission (PR) after 6 months of immuno-chemotherapy were vaccinated with a personalized vaccine compiled from a premanufactured peptide warehouse comprising immunopeptidome-defined CLL-associated peptides.

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Background: Relapsed and refractory Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can be successfully treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel), a CD19-directed autologous chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy. Diagnostic image-based features could help identify the patients who would clinically respond to this advanced immunotherapy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish a radiomic image feature-based signature derived from positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), including metabolic tumor burden, which can predict a durable response to CAR-T therapy in refractory/relapsed DLBCL.

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Blinatumomab in Standard-Risk B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children.

N Engl J Med

December 2024

From the Division of Haematology-Oncology (S.G., S.A., S.Z.), the Faculty of Medicine (S.G., S.A.), and the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto (M.S.), Toronto, and British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (A.M.L.) - all in Canada; Seattle Children's Hospital (R.E.R., T.H.-W., M.L.L.), the Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders Research and the Department of Pediatrics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, University of Washington (R.E.R., M.L.L.), and Adaptive Biotechnologies (I.K.) - all in Seattle; the Department of Biostatistics, Colleges of Medicine, Public Health, and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville (J.A.K., C.W., S.C.); the Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (K.R.R.), Children's Blood and Cancer Center and Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, Austin (H.R.K.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (N.W.) - all in Texas; Servier Pharmaceuticals, Boston (A.L.A.); the Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.J.C.); Children's Hospital Colorado and the University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (L.G., M.M.O.); the Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Utah, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City (J.L.M.); the Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia (O.M.), the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, MemorialCare Miller Children's and Women's Hospital Long Beach, Long Beach (M.O.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles (B.L.W.), and Amgen, Thousand Oaks (F.Z.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (T.P.M.); the Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine and the Biopathology Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital (S.C.R.) and the Biopathology Center and Children's Oncology Group Biospecimen Bank, Nationwide Children's Hospital (Y.M., E.W.) - both in Columbus, OH; Amgen Research, Munich, Germany (G.Z.); the Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (M.D.); the Department of Pediatrics and the Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania - both in Philadelphia (S.P.H., D.T.T.); and the Department of Pediatrics and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York (E.A.R.).

Background: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. Despite a high overall cure rate, relapsed B-cell ALL remains a leading cause of cancer-related death among children. The addition of the bispecific T-cell engager molecule blinatumomab (an anti-CD19 and anti-CD3 single-chain molecule) to therapy for newly diagnosed standard-risk (as defined by the National Cancer Institute) B-cell ALL in children may improve outcomes.

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Relapsed/refractory CLL: the role of allo-SCT, CAR-T, and T-cell engagers.

Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program

December 2024

Department of Hematology/Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Orange County, Irvine, CA.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients who are refractory to both Bruton's tyrosine kinase and B-cell/CLL lymphoma 2 (BCL2) inhibitors face a significant treatment challenge, with limited and short-lasting disease control options. This underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach to address this unmet need, offering the potential for durable remissions and improved patient outcomes.

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Article Synopsis
  • Recurrent ovarian cancer patients, especially those resistant to platinum treatments, currently have few effective curative options, prompting a phase 2 clinical trial (NCT02853318) that combined pembrolizumab with bevacizumab and oral cyclophosphamide.
  • The trial included 40 patients and showed promising results, with a median progression-free survival of 10.2 months, a 47.5% objective response rate, and 30% of patients achieving stable disease for over a year while maintaining a good quality of life.
  • Comprehensive analysis revealed that increased T and B cell count and specific microbiome patterns correlated with strong clinical responses, suggesting that understanding the immune environment and gut microbiome could enhance future cancer treatment
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Article Synopsis
  • CAR T-cell therapy shows strong initial results for treating relapsed refractory multiple myeloma, but most patients eventually relapse, often within 5 months.
  • In a study of 139 patients who relapsed after CAR T-cell therapy, different salvage therapies were analyzed, revealing that bispecific antibodies, like talquetamab and teclistamab, had the best overall and complete response rates.
  • The presence of extramedullary disease at relapse was linked to poorer outcomes, but bispecific antibodies improved survival rates, suggesting they should be the standard treatment for patients relapsing after CAR T-cell therapy.
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Bispecific antibody therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies. There are currently 7 FDA approved products with 4 different targets covering 5 indications in 4 diseases. Products include blinatumomab targeting B-cell ALL in MRD detectable first remission and in relapsed and/or refractory disease, elranatamab and teclistamab targeting BCMA in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, talquetamab targeting GPCR5D in multiple myeloma, and mosunetuzumab, epcoritamab and glofitamab which all target CD20 in follicular lymphoma, both follicular and large B cell lymphoma, or large B cell lymphoma alone, respectively.

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Article Synopsis
  • Older adults with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) face unique challenges and poorer outcomes, highlighting the need for tailored care strategies.
  • Geriatric assessment (GA) tools, like simplified GA (sGA), help categorize patients into fit, unfit, and frail groups to guide treatment decisions, including dose adjustments for chemotherapy.
  • New treatment options, including CAR-T cell therapy and bispecific antibodies, are evolving to better serve older adults, particularly those who are unable to tolerate traditional therapies or who experience relapse after initial treatment.
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Objectives: Spondyloarthritis (SpA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are hallmarked by immune cell infiltration in synovial joints. Although, in general, different sites are affected, misclassification or delayed diagnosis due to overlapping clinical manifestations is not uncommon. Here, we investigated the diagnostic potential of mass cytometry (MC) in early peripheral SpA (pSpA) and RA patients in a small pilot study.

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Background: WHIM (Warts, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Infections, and Myelokathexis) syndrome is an ultra-rare, combined primary immunodeficiency and chronic neutropenic disorder characterized by a range of clinical presentations, including peripheral neutropenia, lymphopenia, and recurrent infections. WHIM syndrome is most often caused by gain-of-function mutations in the gene encoding C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). As such, inhibition of CXCR4 with XOLREMDI (mavorixafor), an orally bioavailable CXCR4 antagonist, demonstrated clinically meaningful increases in absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts and concomitant reduction in infections in patients with WHIM syndrome, resulting in its recent U.

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Background: Breast cancer (BRCA) is a prevalent and aggressive disease. Despite various treatments being applied, a significant number of patients continue to experience unfavorable prognoses. Accurate prognosis prediction in BRCA is crucial for tailoring individualized treatment plans and improving patient outcomes.

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Nuclear factor kappa-B cell (NF-κB), interferon regulatory Factor, and glucocorticoid receptor pathway activation in major depressive Disorder: The role of cytomegalovirus infection.

Brain Behav Immun

January 2025

University of California, Los Angeles, Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Los Angeles, CA, USA; University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Altered activity of major immunoregulatory pathways has been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD) and is thought to underlie the elevations in circulating inflammatory mediators present in a subgroup of patients. However, the drivers of these changes in gene expression remain unclear. One potential modulator of immune function is viral infection.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study involving 80 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) found that 15% experienced virologic breakthrough (VBT) after switching from nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy to pegylated interferon alpha (Peg-IFN-α) treatment.
  • Patients who had higher levels of HBcrAg (≥5 logU/mL) and HBsAg (≥100 IU/mL) showed a significantly increased risk of VBT and were less likely to achieve HBsAg clearance post-therapy.
  • The research indicates that monitoring HBcrAg and HBsAg levels can provide insights into immune responses and help prevent VBT, potentially improving the chances of achieving a functional cure for CH
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Background: Neurolymphomatosis is a lymphoid malignancy of the peripheral nervous system and its natural history is poorly understood.

Methods: We performed PubMed search and extracted clinical data for Kaplan-Meier statistics to determine outcome parameters over time. Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to compare prognostic factors.

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Ibrutinib and venetoclax combination therapy for mantle cell lymphoma: are two better than one?

Expert Rev Hematol

December 2024

Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Article Synopsis
  • * The article examines the effectiveness of combining ibrutinib and venetoclax in treating relapsed or refractory MCL based on findings from two clinical studies: the AIM study, which involves a run-in period with ibrutinib, and the SYMPATICO study, which administers both drugs simultaneously.
  • * It suggests that this combination therapy may be effective and could eventually allow for fixed-duration treatment; ongoing research into measurable residual disease may help determine which patients can safely stop treatment after
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Equecabtagene Autoleucel in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: The FUMANBA-1 Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA Oncol

November 2024

National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Blood Diseases Hospital & Institute of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.

Article Synopsis
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