Psychiatric Disorders Among 5,800 Patients With Microscopic Colitis: A Nationwide Population-Based Matched Cohort Study.

Introduction: Microscopic colitis (MC) is an inflammatory condition of the large intestine. Primarily diagnosed in middle-aged and older adults, the incidence of the disease has increased markedly during the past few decades. While MC is associated with a reduced quality of life, large-scale studies on the association with future psychiatric disorders are lacking.

Comparative Risk of Serious Infection With Vedolizumab vs Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From Nationwide Swedish Registers.

Introduction: We aimed to assess the risk of serious infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with vedolizumab compared with those treated with anti-tumor necrosis factors (TNF) and the general population.

Methods: In this Swedish cohort study, treatment episodes were identified from nationwide health registers. We used Cox regression with propensity score-matched cohorts to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for incident serious infections, defined as infections requiring hospital admission.

Non-invasive pulse arrival time is associated with cardiac index in pediatric heart transplant patients with normal ejection fraction.

Cardiac Index (CI) is a key physiologic parameter to ensure end organ perfusion in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Determination of CI requires invasive cardiac measurements and is not routinely done at the PICU bedside. To date, there is no gold standard non-invasive means to determine CI.

Significance of radiographic temporomandibular degenerative joint disease findings.

The field of orthodontics has seen a recent increase in the number of patients over the age of 50 seeking treatment and also an increase in the use of cone beam technology. Similar to other joints in the body, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is associated with age-related degeneration. However, unlike other joints, degeneration of the TMJ is rarely symptomatic and when there is pain, it is usually self-limiting.

Heroin-induced leukoencephalopathy: Chasing the imaging findings.

We present a case of a 29-year-old male who was brought into the hospital due to unresponsiveness and found to have heroin inhalational leukoencephalopathy (HLE). HLE is one component of a broad spectrum of opioid encephalopathies that is associated with heroin inhalation and other opioids. There is considerable overlap of HLE with other toxic and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathies; however, the specific territories of brain involvement help distinguish it from other cerebral insults.

Disparities in end-of-life care for minoritized racial and ethnic patients during terminal hospitalizations in New York State.

Background: Racial and ethnic minorities often receive care at different hospitals than non-Hispanic white patients, but how hospital characteristics influence the occurrence of disparities at the end of life is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if disparities in end-of-life care were present among minoritized patients during terminal hospitalizations, and if these disparities varied with hospital characteristics.

Methods: We identified hospitalizations where a patient died in New York State, 2016-2018.

Inflammatory eye disease is a risk factor for future microscopic colitis: A nationwide population-based matched case control study.

Background: Microscopic colitis (MC) is an inflammatory disorder of the colon. To date, the relationship between inflammatory eye diseases and MC is unclear.

Objective: To assess whether inflammatory eye disease (iridocyclitis and episcleritis) is a risk factor for MC.

Postpartum Obesity Is Associated With Increases in Child Adiposity in Midchildhood in a Cohort of Black and Dominican Youth.

Background: Obesity disproportionately affects marginalized and low-income populations. Birth parent obesity from the prenatal period and childhood has been associated with child obesity. It is unknown whether prenatal or postnatal birth parent obesity has differential effects on subsequent changes in adiposity and metabolic health in children.

Relationship between Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total scores in older adults with major depressive disorder: An analysis of the OPTIMUM clinical trial.

Background: The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) are commonly used scales to measure depression severity in older adults.

Methods: We utilized data from the Optimizing Outcomes of Treatment-Resistant Depression in Older Adults (OPTIMUM) clinical trial to produce conversion tables relating PHQ-9 and MADRS total scores. We split the sample into training (N = 555) and validation samples (N = 187).

Incident stroke in individuals with peripartum cardiomyopathy.

Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), a form of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) that occurs during the final month of pregnancy through the first 5 months postpartum, is associated with heightened risk for maternal morbidity and mortality. Stroke is a common complication of HFrEF but there is limited data on the incidence of stroke in PPCM.

Methods: Using statewide, nonfederal administrative data from 2000 to 2015, we analyzed age-adjusted risk of stroke within 3 years after PPCM-associated pregnancies.

Race-ethnicity, age, and heart failure in ischemic stroke.

Objectives: Race-ethnic disparities contribute to cardiovascular morbidity. Heart failure (HF) is highly prevalent in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and associated with worse outcomes. We hypothesized race-ethnic differences exist in the prevalence of HF among patients with AIS, particularly in younger patients, and in a manner not fully explained by cardiovascular profiles.

Patterns of use of primary and first-line chemotherapy for recurrence among patients with cervical cancer.

Background: Little is known about real-world patterns of chemotherapy use in patients with cervical cancer.

Objective: To examine the patterns of chemotherapy use in patients with cervical cancer METHODS: We identified patients with cervical cancer in the IBM MarketScan Database who underwent primary hysterectomy or radiation therapy between 2011 and 2020 and described their treatment in the primary setting and at first recurrence.

Results: We identified 5390 patients: 2667 (49.

Utilization and Surgical Outcomes of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

Objective: To describe the rate and surgical outcomes of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in patients with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN).

Methods: We conducted a cohort study that used the prospective American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Women with EIN on postoperative pathology who underwent minimally invasive hysterectomy from 2012 to 2020 were included.

Engaging Youth Voice and Family Partnerships to Improve Children's Mental Health Outcomes.

Promoting active participation of families and youth in mental health systems of care is the cornerstone of creating a more inclusive, effective, and responsive care network. This article focuses on the inclusion of parent and youth voice in transforming our mental health care system to promote increased engagement at all levels of service delivery. Youth and parent peer support delivery models, digital innovation, and technology not only empower the individuals involved, but also have the potential to enhance the overall efficacy of the mental health care system.

Alcohol and substance use in older adults with treatment-resistant depression.

Introduction: Alcohol and substance use are increasing in older adults, many of whom have depression, and treatment in this context may be more hazardous. We assessed alcohol and other substance use patterns in older adults with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). We examined patient characteristics associated with higher alcohol consumption and examined the moderating effect of alcohol on the association between clinical variables and falls during antidepressant treatment.

Eosinophilic esophagitis and risk of incident major adverse cardiovascular events: a nationwide matched cohort study.

Background: Inflammatory diseases have been associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. However, data on incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) from large population-based cohorts of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is lacking.

Methods: This study included all Swedish adults with EoE without a record of previous cardiovascular disease (CVD) (1990-2017, N = 1546) with follow-up until 2019.

ICU Staffing in the United States.

Background: The last national estimates of US ICU physician staffing are 25 years old and lack information about interprofessional teams.

Research Question: How are US adult ICUs currently staffed?

Study Design And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey (May 4, 2022-February 2, 2023) of adult ICU clinicians (targeting nurse/physician leadership) contacted using 2020 American Hospital Association (AHA) database information and, secondarily, through professional organizations. The survey included questions about interprofessional ICU staffing availability and roles at steady state (pre-COVID-19).

Association of celiac disease with eosinophilic esophagitis: Nationwide register-based cohort study with sibling analyses.

Background: Celiac disease (CeD) is associated with several immune-mediated disorders, but it is unclear whether it is associated with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE).

Objective: We sought to examine the risk of EoE in patients with biopsy-verified CeD compared with matched controls and siblings.

Methods: Using nationwide population-based histopathology data, we identified 27,338 patients with CeD diagnosed in the period 2002 to 2017 in Sweden.

Trends in uterine cancer incidence in the United States: The contribution of age, period and cohort effects.

Objective: In the U.S., uterine cancer incidence is rising, with racial and ethnic minorities experiencing the largest increases.

Fertility-Sparing Surgery for Stage I Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Objective: To describe population-level utilization of fertility-sparing surgery and outcome of reproductive-aged patients with early epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent fertility-sparing surgery in the United States.

Methods: This retrospective study queried the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result Program. The study included 3,027 patients younger than age 50 years with stage I epithelial ovarian cancer receiving primary surgical therapy from 2007 to 2020.

Risk of Kidney Failure in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Undergoing Colectomy: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is frequently accompanied by kidney complications. Potential triggers or subpopulations at high-risk of kidney problems are not well-elucidated. We hypothesized that surgical interventions, specifically colectomy, might in part explain this risk.

Economic Burden of Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Nationwide Cost-of-Illness Study.

Introduction: Despite its increasing prevalence, the economic impact of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is understudied.

Methods: We estimated the societal economic burden of EoE by using real-world data from Swedish health registers.

Results: Patients with EoE had 45% higher societal cost ($6,290 vs $4,349) compared with the general population, primarily driven by increased healthcare costs ($2,414 vs $1,022), which accounted for 72% of the excess societal cost in EoE.