Synovial sarcoma of the head & neck: A review of reported cases in the literature.

Synovial sarcoma is a high-grade malignancy that seldom manifests in the head and neck. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature on primary HNSS. This review study includes case reports, case series and retrospective cohort studies on primary HNSS published in the English language.

Radiographic and Nasal Endoscopic Observation of Accidentally Perforated Anterior Nasal Cavity With Dental Implants: Case Reports with 5-23 Years of Follow-Up.

Severe atrophy of the maxillary anterior region may make implant placement difficult and, as a result, iatrogenic complications such as nasal floor perforation may occur. The purpose of the present case reports is to present radiographic and nasal endoscopic features in the anterior nasal floor when dental implants were inadvertently perforated into nasal cavities. Between 1996 and 2018, 4 patients recorded with anterior nasal floor perforation with dental implants were followed and reviewed with panoramic radiographs and cone-beam computerized tomography.

The impact of smoking on non-surgical periodontal therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Smoking is a risk factor for periodontitis. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of smoking on clinical outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Materials And Methods: Electronic databases were searched to screen studies published before May 2020.

Three-Dimensionally-Printed Bioactive Ceramic Scaffolds: Construct Effects on Bone Regeneration.

Background/purpose: The utilization of three-dimensionally (3D)-printed bioceramic scaffolds composed of beta-tricalcium phosphate in conjunction with dipyridamole have shown to be effective in the osteogenesis of critical bone defects in both skeletally immature and mature animals. Furthermore, previous studies have proven the dura and pericranium's osteogenic capacity in the presence of 3D-printed scaffolds; however, the effect galea aponeurotica on osteogenesis in the presence of 3D scaffolds remains unclear.

Method/description: Critical-sized (11 mm) bilateral calvarial defects were created in 35-day old rabbits (n = 7).

Repair of Lingual Gingival Fenestrations Through the Use of a Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft.

A gingival fenestration is a localized perforation of keratinized gingival tissue that may result in underlying bone resorption and root exposure. This case report describes treatment of mandibular lingual gingival fenestrations caused by traumatic forces from an ill-fitting removable partial denture that rested on a thin periodontal phenotype. A subepithelial connective tissue graft was used to correct these fenestrations.

The "sufficient cause" model framework applied to the periodontitis-systemic diseases link.

The premise for the oral-systemic diseases relationship dates to the early 20th century with the introduction of the focal infection theory that posited that oral disease affects overall health and wellbeing. While the biological plausibility for the link has been supported by experimental animal models and observational studies in humans, findings from interventional studies in which periodontal therapy failed to alleviate systemic health outcomes have often been interpreted as evidence against periodontitis contribution to the etiology of systemic health conditions. One concept of causation assumes a one-to-one correspondence between cause and effect.

Clinicopathologic implications of Myb and Beta-catenin expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Background: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the second most common malignancy of the salivary glands, accounting for ~ 1% of malignant tumors of the head and neck region and 10% of salivary gland neoplasms. Predicting the long-term outcomes of patients with ACC is still challenging, as reliable prognostic biomarkers are not available. Among salivary gland tumors, Myb overexpression is highly specific for ACC.

The Disease Process, Diagnosis and Treatment of Invasive Cervical Resorption: A Review.

Invasive cervical resorption (ICR) is a localized, subepithelial, supra-osseous resorptive process of the tooth. Although there are several predisposing factors associated with ICR, its etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. The damage to the protective layer on the external root surface appears to allow for the attachment of clastic cells and initiate the resorptive process, which is confined by the inner protective pericanalar resorption-resistant sheet surrounding the root canal space.

Observed Healing of an Immediately Placed Implant in a Molar Site Without Bone Replacement Graft or Primary Closure.

The aim of this case report is to present a clinical example of successful osseointegration of an implant placed immediately following extraction of a mandibular left first molar (tooth No. 19) with a horizontal gap of more than 2 mm and implant threads exposed within the socket, with healing by secondary intention without flap closure, bone grafting, or barrier membrane placement. The healing was photographed every day for the first week to provide photodocumentation of early healing and then was subsequently photographed weekly for the first month and monthly for the first 6 months.

Outcomes from the Health Resources and Services Administration's Dental Faculty Development Program.

Purpose/objectives: While the Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA) requires programs to conduct faculty development, implementation of faculty development activities vary widely. Faculty development programs can enhance teaching, research, and leadership skills needed to transition from clinical practice to teaching. In 2012, the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) funded 6 institutions to plan, develop, and operate programs for training oral healthcare providers who plan to teach in general, pediatric, public health dentistry, or dental hygiene.

Mechanisms underlying the association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic disease.

Atherosclerosis is central to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, a group of diseases in which arteries become occluded with atheromas that may rupture, leading to different cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke. There is a large body of epidemiologic and animal model evidence associating periodontitis with atherosclerotic disease, and many potential mechanisms linking these diseases have been elucidated. This chapter will update knowledge on these mechanisms, which generally fall into 2 categories: microbial invasion and infection of atheromas; and inflammatory and immunologic.

Tapered Versus Inverted Body-Shift Implants Placed Into Anterior Post-extraction Sockets: A Retrospective Comparative Study.

Background: A retrospective comparative radiographic and clinical studywas performed to evaluate primary stability, bone volume, and esthetic outcomes of tapered (T) implants (control group) versus inverted body-shift (INV) implants (test group).

Methods: A total of 42 platform-switched implants, 21 T and 21 INV, were used to replace nonrestorable teeth in maxillary central incisor post-extraction sockets. Implant primary stability and insertion torque values in addition to radiographic differences in labial plate dimension, tooth-to-implant distance, and marginal bone levels were correlated with clinical outcomes using the pink esthetic score (PES).

Predicting bone and soft tissue alterations of immediate implant sites in the esthetic zone using clinical parameters.

Background: Immediate implantation is generally a predictable treatment, but sometimes there are significant tissue alterations at the surgical site which compromise clinical outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between tissue alterations and different clinical parameters in esthetic areas following immediate implant placement and provisionalization.

Materials And Methods: Clinical parameters were measured at 36 non-grafted immediate implant sites enrolled in a randomized controlled trial.

Disruption of Monocyte and Macrophage Homeostasis in Periodontitis.

Monocytes and macrophages are major cellular components of the innate immunity that play essential roles in tissue homeostasis. The contribution of different subsets of monocytes/macrophages to periodontal health and disease has not been fully elucidated. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for periodontitis.

and Mutations Promote 4NQO-Initated Head and Neck Tumor Progression and Metastasis in Mice.

The PI3K signaling pathway is frequently mutated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), often via gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the gene. Here, we present novel genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) carrying a GOF allele (E20) alone or in combination with heterozygous - (p53) mutation with tissue-specific expression to interrogate the role of oncogenic in transformation of upper aerodigestive track epithelium. We demonstrated that the GOF mutation promoted progression of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in both E20 single mutant and E20/p53 double mutant mice, with frequent distal metastasis detected only in E20/p53 GEMM.

A Novel Approach to Fracture Resistance Using Horizontal Posts after Endodontic Therapy: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Studies of endodontic outcomes suggest that fracture of the tooth after endodontic therapy may be a greater problem than endodontic reinfection. Immediate full coverage with or without a post and core is the best way to prevent fracture. Unfortunately, in many population areas, due predominantly to cost, this restoration is often delayed, leading to fracture of the tooth.

Innovations in pre-doctoral dental education: Influencing attitudes and opinions about patients with substance use disorder.

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based model for managing patients with substance use disorders (SUD). Historically, SUD were seen as a criminal issue and access to treatment was limited, but that paradigm is shifting and substance abuse is now being recognized as a disease state and the management of patients with SUD is increasingly within the healthcare system starting with primary healthcare settings including dental facilities. In a new training initiative, first-year dental students (DDS1) attended a 90-minute SBIRT training.

The role of absolute monocyte counts in predicting severity of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Objective: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory bowel disease of preterm infants marked by an absolute monocyte count (AMC) drop in peripheral blood. Our objective was to determine whether the degree of AMC drop at illness onset correlates with eventual severity of disease.

Study Design: The percentage change in AMC was retrospectively calculated for each of 29 rule-out NEC and 76 NEC cases from baseline to illness onset, and then compared across stages.

MicroRNA-based risk scoring system to identify early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma patients at high-risk for cancer-specific mortality.

Background: For early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), there is no existing risk-stratification modality beyond conventional TNM staging system to identify patients at high risk for cancer-specific mortality.

Methods: A total of 568 early-stage OSCC patients who had surgery only and also with available 5-year clinical outcomes data were identified. Signature microRNAs (miRNAs) were discovered using deep sequencing analysis and validated by qRT-PCR.

Parotid Gland Enlargement in Acromegaly: A Case Report of This Rare Finding.

We report a case that shows the pathognomonic orofacial features identified with acromegaly. Unilateral parotid gland enlargement was also present. Our investigation showed that the parotid gland swelling was non-neoplastic and part of the organomegaly complex associated with acromegaly.

HABIT efficacy and sustainability trial, a multi-center randomized controlled trial to improve hydroxyurea adherence in youth with sickle cell disease: a study protocol.

Background: Hydroxyurea (HU) is recommended as standard practice for youth with sickle cell disease (SCD). Yet, despite its efficacy, HU adherence in adolescents and young adults is often poor. Poor medication adherence increases disease burden, healthcare cost and widens health disparities.