Multiple periradicular radiolucencies mimicking endodontic lesions in renal osteodystrophy of the mandible: a case report.

Aim: To report a finding of multiple periapical radiolucencies mimicking endodontic lesions in a patient with renal osteodystrophy of the mandible.

Summary: A 47-year-old woman was referred by her general dentist to the postgraduate endodontic clinic for assessment and root canal treatment of multiple teeth with associated periapical radiolucencies. The patient's medical history included chronic renal failure.

The ElderSmile TimeMap: Benefits of Connecting Statistics With Time and Place.

Community-based programs are critical for locally targeted public health education and accessible service delivery. Deriving useful information from such programs is important for their own evaluation and improvement and may facilitate research collaboration with partners and experts. Here we present an interactive Web-based application designed for a community-based oral health outreach program called ElderSmile to demonstrate how data can be summarized, filtered, compared, and visualized by time and place to inform program planning, evaluation, and research.

Full Mouth Implant Rehabilitation with Staged Approach: 6-Year Clinical Follow-Up.

Objective: The transition of patients from failing dentition to complete arch implant rehabilitation often requires that the patient is rendered edentulous and has to wear a removable complete denture for varying periods of time. In order to avoid removable provisionalization, the staged treatment approach allows for fixed interim prosthesis throughout the rehabilitation process, patient comfort, and prosthodontic control.

Clinical Considerations: The purpose of this clinical report is to describe a combination of staged approach with guided flapless surgery for minimally invasive treatment.

Digital technologies for dental implant treatment planning and guided surgery.

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons now have extraordinary imaging, software planning, and guide fabrication technologies at their disposal to aid in their case selection, clinical decision making, and surgical procedures for dental implant placement. Cone beam CT has opened a new era of office-based diagnostic capability and responsibility. Improved clinical experiences and evidence-based superior outcomes can be provided with confidence to patients when CT-guided dental implant surgery is used.

Treatment of the edentulous patient.

For decades the edentulous population has been unrecognized in its need to be treated in an effective manner. The debilitating condition affects quality of life. Implants have provided a strategy for developing a standard of care.

Cone beam computed tomography scanning and diagnosis for dental implants.

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become an important new technology for oral and maxillofacial surgery practitioners. CBCT provides improved office-based diagnostic capability and applications for surgical procedures, such as CT guidance through the use of computer-generated drill guides. A thorough knowledge of the basic science of CBCT as well as the ability to interpret the images correctly and thoroughly is essential to current practice.

Immediate Implant Placement into Extraction Sockets with Labial Plate Dehiscence Defects: A Clinical Case Series.

Purpose: To measure the buccal plate reconstruction of extraction sockets with labial plate dehiscence defects using a bone allograft in combination with an absorbable collagen membrane and a custom-healing abutment at the time of tooth removal.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients underwent immediate implant placement and reconstruction of the buccal plate. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed preextraction, immediately after bone grafting and implant placement (day 0), and between 6 and 9 months following implant surgery.

A new technique to identify the location of the mucogingival junction on computer tomographic scans before implant placement.

A new technique is presented to identify the location of mucogingival junction (MGJ) on CT scans before implant placement. This case report describes the step-by-step fabrication of a radiographic template, which when used in conjunction with CT scans enables the clinician to locate the position of MGJ before implant placement and predict the amount of keratinized tissue (KT) that will be present around an implant. Using this technique, the operator can determine whether or not flapless implant surgery may be a treatment option and whether simultaneous soft tissue augmentation will be necessary at the time of implant placement to establish an adequate band of KT.

Factors influencing dental students' specialty choice: a survey of ten graduating classes at one institution.

The aim of this study was to survey ten graduating classes at Harvard School of Dental Medicine regarding students' specialty choice and factors influencing that choice. Students were surveyed once in 2008 (for the Classes of 2007-11) and again in 2013 (for the Classes of 2012-16). A prior article reported results regarding students' interest in and experiences with prosthodontics; this article presents results regarding their interest in all dental specialties and factors influencing those interests.

Bone morphogenic protein: application in implant dentistry.

Alveolar bone that is insufficient to support implant placement due to lack of height or width may be augmented with grafting materials including bone morphogenic protein to create sites that are adequate for implant placement and long-term stability of implant-supported prosthesis. Bone morphogenic protein can be used alone or in concert with other bone graft materials as an alternative to invasive allograft bone harvesting procedures.

Maxillary sinus augmentation.

Pneumatization of the maxillary sinus secondary to posterior maxillary tooth loss is an extremely common finding. Significant atrophy of the maxilla prevents implant placement in this region. For several decades, sinus augmentation has been used to develop these sites for dental implant placement.

Facial angioedema and systemic lupus erythematosus: case report.

Non-medication-related acquired deficiencies of C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) can cause the facial acquired angioedema (AAE) seen in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The defect can originate from a lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) that catabolizes C1-INH or from circulating antibodies that inactivate C1-INH. This report describes a third and rare variety of facial AAE originating in SLE in which there was no LPD or circulating antibodies to impede C1-INH activity.

Oestrogen receptor beta mediates decreased occlusal loading induced inhibition of chondrocyte maturation in female mice.

Objective: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders predominantly afflict women, suggesting that estrogen may play a role in the disease process. Defects in mechanical loading-induced TMJ remodelling are believed to be a major etiological factor in TMJ degenerative disease. Previously, we found that, decreased occlusal loading caused a significant decrease in early chondrocyte maturation markers (Sox9 and Col 2) in female, but not male, C57BL/6 wild type mice (1).

Dental students' perceptions of and experiences with prosthodontics: ten graduating classes at one institution.

It is important for members of the dental specialties to understand what motivates students to enter the specialty in order to ensure its continuing development and ability to meet patient needs. The aim of this study was to compare ten graduating classes at Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM) regarding students' experiences with and perceptions of prosthodontics and factors influencing those interested in pursuing prosthodontics as a specialty. In 2013, HSDM students in the classes of 2012-16 were surveyed, achieving a response rate of 81%.

Serum IgG antibody levels to periodontal microbiota are associated with incident Alzheimer disease.

Background: Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD.

Methods: Using a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impairment at last follow-up), matched on race-ethnicity, were drawn from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a cohort of longitudinally followed northern Manhattan residents aged >65 years.

Guided tissue regeneration in endodontic surgery by using a bioactive resorbable membrane.

Introduction: Guided tissue regeneration is a valuable technique available to the endodontist because the quality, quantity, or extent of bone loss cannot be visualized by the surgeon until the tissue is reflected and the surgical site is exposed.

Methods: After repeated attempts at nonsurgical treatment, a patient with a recurring sinus tract over the distobuccal root of an upper molar ultimately had the distobuccal root resected, leaving a 10 × 10 mm bony defect. This dehiscence was filled with freeze-dried bone and covered with a flexible and absorbable bioactive membrane that was new to endodontics.

Oral ulcerations as a sequela of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil therapy.

Medication-induced ulcerative stomatitis can be a complication of immunosuppressive therapy in a post-transplant patient. A 54-year-old African-American female patient presented with significant, recalcitrant oral ulcers 5 months after renal transplant as a result of mucosal toxicity and severe leucopenia caused by her immunosuppressive maintenance regimen of tacrolimus (US Pharmacopeia, Rockville, MD) and mycophenolate mofetil (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA). The patient was also prescribed fluconazole as an antifungal, which likely contributed to the patient's increase in tacrolimus blood levels.

Probiotics for bacterial disease treatment in the oral environment.

Probiotics use has been researched for gastrointestinal health. The oral cavity, of course, is not a separate component of the body, and because both periodontal disease and dental caries are bacterial diseases, a probiotics approach to treating these maladies is currently being evaluated. Several over-the-counter products claim to be formulated with probiotics and suitable for use for oral care.

Salivary gland disorders.

Patients with salivary gland disease present with certain objective and/or subjective signs. An accurate diagnosis for these patients requires a range of techniques that includes the organized integration of information derived from their history, clinical examination, imaging, serology, and histopathology. This article highlights the signs and symptoms of the salivary gland disorders seen in the Salivary Gland Center, and emphasizes the methodology used to achieve a definitive diagnosis and therapy.

Periodontal findings in individuals with newly identified pre-diabetes or diabetes mellitus.

Aim: To assess the periodontal status and number of missing teeth in patients with newly identified pre-diabetes or diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A total of 1097 subjects with previously undiagnosed diabetes were available for study, and were categorized into normoglycaemic, potentially pre-diabetes or potentially diabetes groups based on a point-of-care (POC) HbA1c test.

Results: In fully adjusted models, significant differences were observed between all groups for the per cent of teeth with at least one site with a probing depth of ≥5 mm.

Effect of 3- and 4-mm interimplant distances on the height of interimplant bone crest: a histomorphometric evaluation measured on bone level dental implants in minipig.

Purpose: To analyze crestal bone loss changes that may affect the gingival height around an implant and bone loss in interproximal areas. When implants are placed adjacent to one another, interimplant bone loss around 1 implant may combine with the implant bone loss around the adjacent implant to affect the crestal bone loss interproximally.

Materials And Methods: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate histologically and histomorphometrically the effect that this implant design with a horizontally displaced implant-abutment junction has on the height of the crest of bone, between adjacent implants separated by 2 different distances: 4 mm and 3 mm.

Cytotoxicity of post and core composites as a function of environmental conditions.

Objectives: In the revised version of ISO 7405 there are so far no detailed recommendations concerning temperature and humidity during specimen production for light curing and chemically setting dental materials. The main objective of the present study was to observe if different environmental conditions during specimen production influence cytotoxicity and degree of conversion of four post and core composite materials and to investigate if cytotoxicity of post and core materials is influenced by their corresponding bonding substances.

Methods: Specimens of four different post and core composite materials (LuxaCore - Dual, Core X-Flow, Flow White and MultiCore Flow) were produced in a climate test chamber at 23°C/50% relative humidity or 37°C/95% relative humidity and were dual-cured or self-cured, with or without their corresponding bonding substances.