Exploring the Needs and Preferences of Users and Parents to Design a Mobile App to Deliver Mental Health Peer Support to Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Qualitative Study.

Background: Beyond physical health, managing type 1 diabetes (T1D) also encompasses a psychological component, including diabetes distress, that is, the worries, fears, and frustrations associated with meeting self-care demands over the lifetime. While digital health solutions have been increasingly used to address emotional health in diabetes, these technologies may not uniformly meet the unique concerns and technological savvy across all age groups.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the mental health needs of adolescents with T1D, determine their preferred modalities for app-based mental health support, and identify desirable design features for peer-delivered mental health support modeled on an app designed for adults with T1D.

Using Community Engagement to Create a Telecoaching Intervention to Improve Self-Management in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: Qualitative Study.

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at risk for deviating from their daily treatment regimen due to significant time burden, complicated daily therapies, and life stressors. Developing patient-centric, effective, engaging, and practical behavioral interventions is vital to help sustain therapeutically meaningful self-management.

Objective: This study aimed to devise and refine a patient-centered telecoaching intervention to foster self-management in AYA with CF using a combination of intervention development approaches, including an evidence- and theory-based approach (ie, applying existing theories and research evidence for behavior change) and a target population-centered approach (ie, intervention refinement based on the perspectives and actions of those individuals who will use it).

Crossing the streams: Improving data quality and integration across the One Health genomics continuum with data standards and implementation strategies.

The Canadian Genomics Research and Development Initiative for Antimicrobial Resistance (GRDI-AMR) uses a genomics-based approach to understand how health care, food production and the environment contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Integrating genomics contextual data streams across the One Health continuum is challenging because of the diversity in data scope, content and structure. To better enable data harmonization for analyses, a contextual data standard was developed.

Efficacy and Safety of Sulforaphane Added to Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

There are few established treatments for negative symptoms in schizophrenia, which persist in many patients after positive symptoms are reduced. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and epigenetic modifications involving histone deacetylase (HDAC) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Sulforaphane has antioxidant properties and is an HDAC inhibitor.

At-Home Immersive Virtual Reality Exergames to Reduce Cardiometabolic Risk Among Office Workers: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The worldwide rise in the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases has increased the recognition of the need to identify modifiable risk factors for preventing and managing these diseases. The office worker, as a representative group of physically inactive workers, is exposed to risk factors for metabolic syndrome, which is a primary driver of noncommunicable diseases. The use of virtual reality (VR) exergames may offer a potential solution to the problem of increasing noncommunicable disease prevalence, as it can help individuals increase their physical activity levels while providing a more immersive experience.

Approaches to Incorporation of Preferences into Health Economic Models of Genomic Medicine: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis and Conceptual Framework.

Introduction: Genomic medicine has features that make it preference sensitive and amenable to model-based health economic evaluation. Preferences of patients, caregivers, and clinicians related to the uptake and delivery of genomic medicine technologies and services that are not captured in health state utility weights can affect the intervention's cost-effectiveness and budget impact. However, there is currently no established or agreed-on approach for integrating preference information into economic evaluations.

Loneliness During Adolescence and Subsequent Health and Well-Being in Adulthood: An Outcome-Wide Longitudinal Approach.

Purpose: Intergovernmental organizations, such as the World Health Organization, policymakers, scientists, and the public alike are recognizing the importance of loneliness for health/well-being outcomes. However, it remains unclear if loneliness in adolescence shapes health/well-being in adulthood. We examined if increase in loneliness during adolescence was associated with worse health/well-being in adulthood, across 41 outcomes.

Prospective Harmonization, Common Data Elements, and Sharing Strategies for Multicenter Pre-Clinical Traumatic Brain Injury Research in the Translational Outcomes Project in Neurotrauma Consortium.

Effective team science requires procedural harmonization for rigor and reproducibility. Multicenter studies across experimental modalities (domains) can help accelerate translation. The Translational Outcomes Project in NeuroTrauma (TOP-NT) is a pre-clinical traumatic brain injury (TBI) consortium charged with establishing and validating noninvasive TBI assessment tools through team science.

Predictors of pelvic acceleration during treadmill running across various stride frequency conditions.

Pelvic running injuries often require extensive rehabilitation and pelvic girdle pain is a barrier to running engagement in population sub-groups, such as perinatal women. However, exploration into how external pelvic loading may be altered during running is limited. This study assessed which biomechanical variables influence changes in external peak pelvic acceleration during treadmill running, across various stride frequency conditions.

Feasibility and Acceptability of Smartwatches for Use by Nursing Home Residents.

Smartwatch wearables are a promising health information technology to monitor older adults with complex chronic care needs. Pilot and feasibility studies have assessed smartwatch use with community-dwelling older adults, but less is known about their use in nursing homes. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of smartwatch technology in a real-world nursing home setting to generate initial evidence about potential use.

Impacts of Weather Anomalies and Climate on Plant Disease.

Predicting the effects of climate change on plant disease is critical for protecting ecosystems and food production. Here, we show how disease pressure responds to short-term weather, historical climate and weather anomalies by compiling a global database (4339 plant-disease populations) of disease prevalence in both agricultural and wild plant systems. We hypothesised that weather and climate would play a larger role in disease in wild versus agricultural plant populations, which the results supported.

A Nonequipment-Related Line Isolation Monitor Alarm: A Problem-Based Learning Discussion.

A line isolation monitor (LIM) alarm is a device in the operating room to alert personnel to a potential fault in equipment or the electrical system. Typically, an LIM alarm is related to an electrical fault in a piece of operating room equipment. We present a case where the hazard current by the LIM briefly decreased, then continued to climb after unplugging equipment.

Can Sleep Predict Conversion to Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia? Results From the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet Study.

Objective: Sleep disturbance is considered a risk factor for cognitive decline in elderly individuals. Our aim in the current study was to investigate whether baseline sleep parameters can predict the conversion from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment or dementia at follow-up. The Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet is a longitudinal population-based study designed to estimate the prevalence and incidence of cognitive decline and dementia in the older Greek population.

Advances and Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry in Food Analysis: Strategies for Online and Offline Preconcentration.

Advancements in food technology have increased the need for thorough analysis to ensure food safety, quality, and compliance with regulatory requirements. Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) has emerged as a powerful tool in food analysis due to its high separation efficiency, low sample consumption, and ability to handle complex matrices. However, challenges such as the use of volatile running buffers and maintaining the stability of the electrical circuit connecting the CE and MS systems have been addressed through advancements in interface designs, such as sheathless systems and optimized sheath-liquid compositions.

Survival of radioiodine treated hyperthyroid cats that are euthyroid and hypothyroid after treatment, and effect of levothyroxine supplementation on survival time of cats with iatrogenic hypothyroidism.

Background: Hyperthyroid cats that are azotemic and hypothyroid after surgical or medical treatment have poor outcomes, and supplementation with levothyroxine (LT4) improves survival. However, the effect of LT4 supplementation on survival of nonazotemic, hypothyroid radioiodine (RI)-treated hyperthyroid cats is unknown.

Hypothesis: Radioiodine treated hyperthyroid cats with iatrogenic hypothyroidism or azotemia have shorter survival times than euthyroid, nonazotemic cats and supplementation of LT4 improves survival times of hypothyroid cats.

Anticipating impending peripheral intravenous catheter failure: A diagnostic accuracy observational study combining ultrasound and artificial intelligence to improve clinical care.

Objective: Peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) failure occurs in approximately 50% of insertions. Unexpected PIVC failure leads to treatment delays, longer hospitalizations, and increased risk of patient harm. In current practice there is no method to predict if PIVC failure will occur until it is too late and a grossly obvious complication has occurred.

Geometric Study and Clinical Case Series for Mandible Reconstruction With a Single-Piece Scapular Free Flap.

Background: Virtual surgical planning (VSP) with simple cutting templates could help surgeons preoperatively plan scapula reconstructions in the vertical and horizontal orientations.

Methods: Virtually, eight defects were created in ten healthy mandibles and reconstructed with the subject-specific scapula vertically and horizontally. In the clinical series, 15 single-piece scapula mandible reconstructions planned with in-house VSP and guided with simple templates were compared with 15 freehand reconstructions.

Plasma SVEP1 Levels Predict Cardiovascular Events in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Beyond Conventional Clinical Risk Models Including NT-proBNP.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common genetic cardiomyopathy and causes major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). SVEP1 (Sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, epidermal growth factor, and pentraxin domain containing 1) is a large extracellular matrix protein that is detectable in the plasma. However, it is unknown whether adding plasma SVEP1 levels to clinical predictors including NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) improves the prognostication in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Assessing Links Between Alcohol Exposure and Firearm Violence: A Scoping Review Update.

Background: Firearm violence remains a leading cause of death and injury in the United States. Prior research supports that alcohol exposures, including individual-level alcohol use and alcohol control policies, are modifiable risk factors for firearm violence, yet additional research is needed to support prevention efforts.

Objectives: This scoping review aims to update a prior 2016 systematic review on the links between alcohol exposure and firearm violence to examine whether current studies indicate causal links between alcohol use, alcohol interventions, and firearm violence-related outcomes.

Real-World Use of Tapinarof Cream 1% Once Daily in Patients with Seborrheic Dermatitis: A Case Series.

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is an inflammatory skin disease with multifactorial etiology, involving genetic and environmental factors. Many conventional therapies for SD (ie, topical antifungals, topical corticosteroids) are associated with incomplete efficacy, frequent and sometimes rapid disease recurrence, and restrictions on duration of therapy and anatomic sites of application. This may be because they cannot target multiple disease processes and/or are limited by safety considerations.

Spatial datasets of CMIP6 climate change projections for Canada and the United States.

Geospatial climate change projections are critical for assessing climate change impacts and adaptations across a wide range of disciplines. Here we present monthly-based grids of climate change projections at a 2-km resolution covering Canada and the United States. These data products are based on outputs from the 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and include projections for 13 General Circulation Models (GCMs), three Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP1 2.

Through the lens of Good Participatory Practice: Findings and lessons learned from the healthcare worker subcommittee of the COVID-19 Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes Registry.

Participant representation, including the Good Participatory Practice guidelines, in the design and execution of clinical research can profoundly affect research structure and process. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, an online registry called the Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes (HERO) Registry, was launched to capture the experiences of healthcare workers (HCWs) on the pandemic frontlines. It evolved into a program that distributed COVID-19-related information and connected participants with COVID-19-related research opportunities.

Pharmacological Enhancement of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Improves Behavioral Pattern Separation in Young and Aged Male Mice.

Background: Impairments in behavioral pattern separation (BPS)-the ability to distinguish between similar contexts or experiences-contribute to memory interference and overgeneralization seen in many neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, dementia, and age-related cognitive decline. Although BPS relies on the dentate gyrus and is sensitive to changes in adult hippocampal neurogenesis, its significance as a pharmacological target has not been tested.

Methods: In this study, we applied a human neural stem cell high-throughput screening cascade to identify compounds that increase human neurogenesis.