Timing of stroke survivors' hospital readmissions to guide APRNs in primary care.

Background: Caring for patients after a neurovascular incident is common for advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs). Most neurological readmission studies focus on a small subset of neurovascular incident groups, but advanced practice nurses in primary care attend to a diverse neurovascular population and lack time to adequately search hospital records.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine readmission risk factors after a neurovascular incident to guide APRNs in the primary care setting.

Mental health symptom associations with COVID-19 testing and vaccination among urban American Indian and Alaska Native people.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially impacted American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities. Rates of infection, hospitalization, and mortality have been severe relative to non-Hispanic whites. While AI/AN communities have had some of the highest levels of COVID-19 vaccination, utilization rates remain suboptimal and there is a need to identify facilitators and barriers to testing and vaccination.

The Effects of an Electronic Medical Record Prompt on Documentation of Firearm Screening in and Adolescent Primary Care Setting.

Purpose: There is limited evidence as to how to facilitate health care providers (HCPs) addressing firearm injury prevention during routine visits. The purpose of this project was to examine whether including a screening question about firearms in the home in the routine care template increases the screening of youth access to firearms.

Methods: A pre-post approach chart review was conducted for youth 12-21 years old.

Acceptability and feasibility of video-based firearm safety education in a Colorado emergency department for caregivers of adolescents in firearm-owning households.

Background: Easy firearm access increases injury risk among adolescents. We evaluated the acceptability and feasibility of improving knowledge of a 3 min safe firearm storage education video in the paediatric emergency department.

Methods: We conducted a single-centre block trial in a large paediatric emergency department (August 2020-2022).

Application and comparison of point-of-care devices for field evaluation of underlying health status of Guatemalan sugarcane workers.

With chronic disease prevalence on the rise globally, surveillance and monitoring are critical to improving health outcomes. Point-of-care (POC) testing can facilitate epidemiological research and enhance surveillance systems in limited resource settings, but previous research has identified bias between POC devices and laboratory testing. We compared the performance of two POC blood analyzers, the iSTAT handheld (Abbott, Princeton, NJ, USA) and the StatSensor Creatinine (Nova Biomedical, Waltham, MA, USA) to concurrent blood samples analyzed at a local laboratory that were collected from 89 agricultural workers in Guatemala.

Pooled Cohort Profile: ReCoDID Consortium's Harmonized Acute Febrile Illness Arbovirus Meta-Cohort.

Infectious disease (ID) cohorts are key to advancing public health surveillance, public policies, and pandemic responses. Unfortunately, ID cohorts often lack funding to store and share clinical-epidemiological (CE) data and high-dimensional laboratory (HDL) data long term, which is evident when the link between these data elements is not kept up to date. This becomes particularly apparent when smaller cohorts fail to successfully address the initial scientific objectives due to limited case numbers, which also limits the potential to pool these studies to monitor long-term cross-disease interactions within and across populations.

Using Online Surveys for Routine Campylobacter Case Investigations in Colorado, September 2020-December 2021.

Context: Routine case investigations are critical for enteric disease control and surveillance. Given limited resources and staffing, public health agencies are exploring more efficient case investigation methods.

Objective: To identify and describe the advantages and disadvantages of using online surveys to supplement routine enteric disease case investigations.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the State Enteric Disease Public Health Workforce in the Western United States, March-April 2022.

Objective: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the state-level enteric disease workforce and routine enteric disease surveillance and outbreak investigation activities in the western United States.

Design And Setting: Key informant interviews conducted using bidirectional video from March to April 2022.

Participants: Enteric disease epidemiologists at state public health agencies in the western states served by the Colorado and Washington Integrated Food Safety Centers of Excellence.

Leadership Strategies to Increase Psychological Safety of Nurses: A Longitudinal Study.

Background And Objectives: A work environment where employees feel comfortable taking chances without fear and with sufficient protection from retaliation is psychologically safe. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of leader training for nurse managers on psychological safety of clinical registered nurses.

Methods: The study was designed a longitudinal outcomes approach to assess nurse leader intervention (classes on leadership methods and psychological safety) with pre- and post-intervention measurement of nurse psychological safety at each time point.

Wildfires increasingly threaten oil and gas wells in the western United States with disproportionate impacts on marginalized populations.

The western United States is home to most of the nation's oil and gas production and, increasingly, wildfires. We examined historical threats of wildfires for oil and gas wells, the extent to which wildfires are projected to threaten wells as climate change progresses, and exposure of human populations to these wells. From 1984-2019, we found that cumulatively 102,882 wells were located in wildfire burn areas, and 348,853 people were exposed (resided ≤ 1 km).

Implementation of Extreme Risk Protection Orders in Colorado from 2020 to 2022: Firearm relinquishment and return and petitioner characteristics.

Introduction: Firearm injury remains a public health problem, with nearly 50,000 firearm-related deaths in the US in 2021. Extreme risk protection orders (ERPOs) are civil restraining orders that intend to reduce firearm deaths by temporarily removing firearms from individuals who are threatening violence to themselves or others. We described ERPO use by petitioner type and implementation including firearm removal.

Active decompression during automated head-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Background: The combination of active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ACD-CPR) with an impedance threshold device (ITD) and controlled head-up positioning (AHUP-CPR) is associated with improved outcomes compared with conventional CPR (C-CPR). This study focused on the role of active decompression (AD) during AHUP-CPR.

Methods: Farm pigs (n = 10, ∼40 kg) were anesthetized, intubated and ventilated.

Medicare-Covered Services Near the End of Life in Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare.

Importance: Financial incentives in Medicare Advantage (MA), the managed care alternative to traditional Medicare (TM), were designed to reduce overutilization. For patients near the end of life (EOL), MA incentives may reduce potentially burdensome care and encourage hospice but could also restrict access to costly but necessary services.

Objective: To compare receipt of potentially burdensome treatments and transfers and potentially necessary postacute services in the last 6 months of life in individuals with MA vs TM.

Improving Data-Driven Decision Making for Primary Prevention: Providing Data Interpretation Resources to Schools and Communities in Colorado.

Communities are increasingly interested in primary prevention efforts to reduce health inequities. However, few communities can access local data on social determinants of health and many do not have the skills or training to interpret data to inform decision making on appropriate strategies that impact social determinants of health. A population-based youth health survey administered to middle and high school students, such as exists in most states in the United States, can assess health behaviors and risk and protective factors.

A Historical Survey of Key Epidemiological Studies of Ionizing Radiation Exposure.

In this article we review the history of key epidemiological studies of populations exposed to ionizing radiation. We highlight historical and recent findings regarding radiation-associated risks for incidence and mortality of cancer and non-cancer outcomes with emphasis on study design and methods of exposure assessment and dose estimation along with brief consideration of sources of bias for a few of the more important studies. We examine the findings from the epidemiological studies of the Japanese atomic bomb survivors, persons exposed to radiation for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, those exposed to environmental sources including Chornobyl and other reactor accidents, and occupationally exposed cohorts.