Botensilimab (Fc-enhanced anti-cytotoxic lymphocyte-association protein-4 antibody) Plus Balstilimab (anti-PD-1 antibody) in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Metastatic Sarcomas.

Purpose: Outcomes for patients with advanced sarcomas are poor and there is a high unmet need to develop novel therapies. The purpose of this phase I study was to define the safety and efficacy of botensilimab (BOT), an Fc-enhanced anti-cytotoxic lymphocyte-association protein-4 antibody, plus balstilimab (BAL), an anti-PD-1 antibody, in advanced sarcomas.

Methods: BOT was administered intravenously (IV) at 1 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg once every 6 weeks in combination with BAL IV at 3 mg/kg once every 2 weeks for up to 2 years.

Circular Polymer Designed by Regulating Entropy: Spiro-Valerolactone-Based Polyesters with High Gas Barriers and Adhesion Strength.

Enthalpy is often the focal point when designing monomers for polymer circularity, but much less is explored on how entropy can be exploited to create polymers with synergistic circularity and properties. Here, we design a series of spiro-lactones (SLs) with closed-chain cycloalk(en)yl substituents at the α,α-position of δ-valerolactone (δVL), which, when combined with the parent δVL and -α,α-dialkyl-substituted δVL with open-chain alkyl groups, provide a desired platform for exploring the circular polymer design by focusing on the entropy change of polymerization. These SLs exhibit finely balanced (de)polymerizability that is regulated chiefly by entropy differentiation, allowing both the facile synthesis of polyester PSLs ( up to 1000 kg mol) in a living fashion and selective depolymerization of the PSLs to completely recover monomers under mild conditions (using a recyclable catalyst at 100 °C).

Cyber abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder among racially diverse women who have resided in domestic violence shelters: A longitudinal approach.

Objective: The present study presents a longitudinal examination of the impact of cyber abuse (CA) on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity among a racially diverse sample of women with intimate partner violence (IPV).

Method: Using data collected from a completed randomized control trial with women who sought safety in a domestic violence shelter (W-DVS; = 172), we conducted a secondary data analysis. Participants completed measures of CA, PTSD severity, and other types of IPV at each time point.

Provider perception of the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of a transdiagnostic intervention in a youth partial hospitalization setting: A mixed methods implementation process evaluation.

Partial hospitalization programs (PHPs) are increasingly relied upon to provide intensive mental health treatment for youth with acute and severely impairing mental health symptoms, yet very few interventions have been adapted to fit this unique delivery context. Transdiagnostic treatments hold promise for addressing the complex clinical presentations and workflow needs of PHP programs, but more work is needed to understand factors that influence successful implementation. We conducted a formative implementation process evaluation to identify barriers and facilitators of acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of implementing an evidence-based transdiagnostic intervention in a PHP setting and further targets for intervention and implementation adaptation.

A single-cell atlas of the Culex tarsalis midgut during West Nile virus infection.

The mosquito midgut functions as a key interface between pathogen and vector. However, studies of midgut physiology and virus infection dynamics are scarce, and in Culex tarsalis-an extremely efficient vector of West Nile virus (WNV)-nonexistent. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on Cx.

The primary mechanism for highly potent inhibition of HIV-1 maturation by lenacapavir.

Lenacapavir (LEN) is a highly potent, long-acting antiretroviral medication for treating people infected with muti-drug-resistant HIV-1 phenotypes. The inhibitor targets multifaceted functions of the viral capsid protein (CA) during HIV-1 replication. Previous studies have mainly focused on elucidating LEN's mode of action during viral ingress.

Effect of intra- and inter-specific plant interactions on the rhizosphere microbiome of a single target plant at different densities.

Root and rhizosphere studies often focus on analyzing single-plant microbiomes, with the literature containing minimum empirical information about the shared rhizosphere microbiome of multiple plants. Here, the rhizosphere of individual plants was analyzed in a microcosm study containing different combinations and densities (1-3 plants, 24 plants, and 48 plants) of cover crops: Medicago sativa, Brassica sp., and Fescue sp.

Identifying the Molecular Signatures of Organic Matter Leached from Land-Applied Biosolids via 21 T FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry.

Intensification of wastewater treatment residual (i.e., biosolid) applications to watersheds can alter the amount and composition of organic matter (OM) mobilized into waterways.

Virtual 3D reconstruction of complex congenital cardiac anatomy from 3D rotational angiography.

Background: Despite advancements in imaging technologies, including CT scans and MRI, these modalities may still fail to capture intricate details of congenital heart defects accurately. Virtual 3D models have revolutionized the field of pediatric interventional cardiology by providing clinicians with tangible representations of complex anatomical structures. We examined the feasibility and accuracy of utilizing an automated, Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven, cloud-based platform for virtual 3D visualization of complex congenital heart disease obtained from 3D rotational angiography DICOM images.

Integrated analysis of marked and count data to characterize fine-scale stream fish movement.

Immigration and emigration are key demographic processes of animal population dynamics. However, we have limited knowledge on how fine-scale movement varies over space and time. We developed a Bayesian integrated population model using individual mark-recapture and count data to characterize fine-scale movement of stream fish at 20-m resolution in a 740-m study area every two months for 28 months.

"No Matter the Age or Medical Complexity, People Benefit From That Intensity of Exercise": A Mixed-Methods Study Describing Rehabilitation Provider Perceptions of High-Intensity Resistance Training Among Veterans Receiving Post-Acute Care.

Background: In skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), i-STRONGER is a novel, high-intensity resistance training approach that incorporates progressive resistance training to promote greater improvements in patient function compared to usual care. To inform large-scale expansion of i-STRONGER as standard-of-care in SNFs, this mixed-methods study assessed rehabilitation providers' perceptions of i-STRONGER and purported needs for its adoption.

Methods: Forty-three rehabilitation providers participated in an 18-week, interactive i-STRONGER training program.

Preparation of Washed Human Platelets for Quantitative Metabolic Flux Studies.

Platelets are blood cells that play an integral role in hemostasis and the innate immune response. Platelet hyper- and hypoactivity have been implicated in metabolic disorders, increasing risk for both thrombosis and bleeding. Platelet activation and metabolism are tightly linked, with the numerous methods to measure the former but relatively few for the latter.

A Food Pantry Nutrition Education Program RCT: Food Choices and Diet-Quality.

Purpose: Food pantries have provided nutrition education to promote healthy food choices with mixed outcomes. This study assessed the impact of Guided Stars food quality rating system to promote healthy food choices among food pantry clients.

Design: Randomized parallel-group study with balanced randomization.

Predicting the impact of targeted fence removal on connectivity in a migratory ecosystem.

Fencing is one of the most widely utilized tools for reducing human-wildlife conflict in agricultural landscapes. However, the increasing global footprint of fencing exceeds millions of kilometers and has unintended consequences for wildlife, including habitat fragmentation, movement restriction, entanglement, and mortality. Here, we present a novel and quantitative approach to prioritize fence removal within historic migratory pathways of white-bearded wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) across Kenya's Greater Masai Mara Ecosystem.

Diversity of complementary diet and early food allergy risk.

Introduction: Diet diversity (DD) in infancy may be protective for early food allergy (FA) but there is limited knowledge about how DD incorporating consumption frequency influences FA risk.

Methods: Three measures of DD were investigated in 2060 infants at 6 and/or at 9 months of age within the NorthPop Birth Cohort Study: a weighted DD score based on intake frequency, the number of introduced foods, and the number of introduced allergenic foods. In multivariable logistic regression models based on directed acyclic graphs, associations to parentally reported physician-diagnosed FA at age 9 and 18 months were estimated, including sensitivity and stratified analyses.

Optical properties and photobleaching of wildfire ashes aqueous extracts.

Wildfires can severely degrade soils and watersheds. Post-fire rain events can leach ashes and altered dissolved organic matter (DOM) into streams, impacting water quality and carbon biogeochemistry. The photochemical properties and persistence of DOM from wildfire ash leachates are not well understood.

An introduction to antibacterial materials in composite restorations.

The longevity of direct esthetic restorations is severely compromised because of, among other things, a loss of function that comes from their susceptibility to biofilm-mediated secondary caries, with being the most prevalent associated pathogen. Strategies to combat biofilms range from dental compounds that can disrupt multispecies biofilms in the oral cavity to approaches that specifically target caries-causing bacteria such as . One strategy is to include those antibacterial compounds directly in the material so they can be available long-term in the oral cavity and localized at the margin of the restorations, in which many of the failures initiate.

Considerations for developing syndrome-informed early interventions for children with neurogenetic conditions.

New insights regarding the early emergence of phenotypic patterns of strength and challenge in neurogenetic conditions afford the possibility of personalized, anticipatory intervention approaches. The development of novel 'syndrome-informed' interventions, however, should incorporate principles that will maximize the utility of intervention activities for as many children with a given neurogenetic condition as possible. This review examines several of these dimensions, including the use of community-engaged frameworks to ensure feasibility and acceptability of novel interventions; the development of cross-nationally valid approaches that can be readily translated into other languages and cultural contexts; and the use of adaptive interventions designs that allow for the tailoring of intervention pathways based on key child dimensions.

A Comparative Environmental Impact Analysis of Screening Tests for Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Healthcare is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is one of the most widely used healthcare services in the US, indicated for approximately 134 million adults. Recommended screening options include fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) every year, CT colonographies (CTCs) every 5 years, or colonoscopies every 10 years.

AI-assisted exposure-response data analysis: Quantifying heterogeneous causal effects of exposures on survival times.

AI-assisted data analysis can help risk analysts better understand exposure-response relationships by making it relatively easy to apply advanced statistical and machine learning methods, check their assumptions, and interpret their results. This paper demonstrates the potential of large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, to facilitate statistical analyses, including survival data analyses, for health risk assessments. Through AI-guided analyses using relatively recent and advanced methods such as Individual Conditional Expectation (ICE) plots using Random Survival Forests and Heterogeneous Treatment Effects (HTEs) estimated using Causal Survival Forests, population-level exposure-response functions can be disaggregated into individual-level exposure-response functions.