Insurance-Based Disparities in Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Following Heart Transplantation Are Mediated by Care at High Volume Centers.

Background: Socioeconomic disadvantage and Medicaid insurance have been linked with inferior survival following heart transplantation, yet the contributing mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We evaluated the association of Medicaid with the development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy(CAV).

Methods: We considered heart transplant recipients ≥18years within the 2004-2022 Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network.

Lobectomy verses Sublobar Resection in The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database: Importance of Patient Factors and Lymph Node Evaluation.

Background: Prospective randomized trials have demonstrated noninferior survival between sublobar resection and lobectomy in healthy non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with tumors ≤2cm. However, some patient attributes are not well represented in randomized trials and uncertainty remains in the widespread applicability of randomized trial nodal dissection protocols.

Methods: Patients with ≤2cm, node-negative NSCLC (cT1N0) in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons prospective database were linked to Medicare survival data using a probabilistic matching algorithm.

Oxidative Gaseous Air Pollutant Exposure Interacts with PNPLA3-I148M Genotype to Influence Liver Fat Fraction and Multi-Omics Profiles in Young Adults.

PNPLA3-I148M genotype is the strongest predictive single-nucleotide polymorphism for liver fat. We examine whether PNPLA3-I148M modifies associations between oxidative gaseous air pollutant exposure (O) with i) liver fat and ii) multi-omics profiles of miRNAs and metabolites linked to liver fat. Participants were 69 young adults (17-22 years) from the Meta-AIR cohort.

Different forms of stigma and rural primary care professionals' willingness to prescribe buprenorphine.

Introduction: Buprenorphine and other medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are highly effective but substantially under prescribed in the rural United States. Among the most cited barriers to buprenorphine prescribing is stigma, yet little progress has been made in developing successful strategies to reduce stigma and increase access to life-saving medication. One of the key challenges to developing successful implementation strategies is understanding the different types of stigma that limit implementation.

Outcomes of Acute Limb Ischemia at a Large Public Hospital in Brazil: insights before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: This study compared outcomes of patients with acute limb ischemia (ALI) before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, hypothesizing that poor outcomes observed during the pandemic have not yet been resolved.

Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-center study analyzed ALI patients from 2019 to 2023.

Results: Over five years, 298 patients underwent surgery for ALI at our hospital: 35 had COVID-19 (COVID Group), 132 tested negative (Non-COVID Group), 71 were treated before the pandemic (Pre-COVID Group), and 60 after (Post-COVID Group).

Family functioning in adolescents and young adults with differences of sex development.

Objective: Family functioning influences various psychosocial outcomes for individuals with pediatric chronic health conditions (e.g., Leeman, J.

Estimating the generation time for influenza transmission using household data in the United States.

The generation time, representing the interval between infections in primary and secondary cases, is essential for understanding and predicting the transmission dynamics of seasonal influenza, including the real-time effective reproduction number (Rt). However, comprehensive generation time estimates for seasonal influenza, especially since the 2009 influenza pandemic, are lacking. We estimated the generation time utilizing data from a 7-site case-ascertained household study in the United States over two influenza seasons, 2021/2022 and 2022/2023.

A comparative life cycle analysis of Sol-Char and anaerobic digestion sanitation systems.

In this study, we compared the Sol-Char sanitation system with an Anaerobic Digestion (AD) system using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate their environmental impacts. Since both systems offer opportunities for human waste treatment and resource recovery, understanding their performance is crucial. This comparison aims to determine their environmental impacts while considering diverse factors, such as energy production and nutrient recovery.

"I Won't Put Myself or My Family Through That": Decision Preferences, Family Experiences, and Kidney Disease Decision-Making.

Background And Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health concern that uniquely impacts older Black Americans, a population also likely to have family members also diagnosed with CKD. This study aimed to (1) describe how participants viewed their decision preferences considering the experiences of family, and friends previously diagnosed with CKD, and (2) to understand how these social complexities informed their own decisions for future CKD care.

Research Design And Methods: Utilizing a phenomenologically-informed approach, this study explored participants' perceptions of how patients and their family members' experiences with CKD influenced treatment-related decision-making.

Evaluating Clinician Experience in Health Care Transition: Results From Six Health Systems.

Purpose: There is a paucity of evidence examining clinician experiences with structured health-care transition (HCT) programs. Among HCT Learning Collaborative participants, this study describes clinician experiences with implementation of a structured HCT process: Got Transition's 6 Core Elements.

Methods: Representative members from 6 health systems designed a survey to collect clinician feedback regarding HCT and demographic and practice information.

Asymptomatic female softball pitchers have altered hip morphology and cartilage composition.

Few studies have explored hip morphology and cartilage composition in female athletes or the impact of asymmetric repetitive loading, such as occurs during softball pitching. The current cross-sectional study assessed bilateral bony hip morphology on computed tomography imaging in collegiate-level softball pitchers ('Pitch1', n = 25) and cross-country runners ('Run', n = 13). Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess cartilage relaxation times in a second cohort of pitchers ('Pitch2', n = 10) and non-athletic controls ('Con', n = 4).

Microbiota and immune dynamics in rheumatoid arthritis: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune disease with growing evidence implicating the microbiota as a critical contributor to its pathogenesis. This review explores the multifaceted roles of microbial dysbiosis in RA, emphasizing its impact on immune cell modulation, autoantibody production, gut barrier integrity, and joint inflammation. Animal models reveal how genetic predisposition and environmental factors interact with specific microbial taxa to influence disease susceptibility.

Mapping organism-wide single cell mRNA expression linked to extracellular vesicle biogenesis, secretion and cargo.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are functional lipid-bound nanoparticles trafficked between cells and found in every biofluid. It is widely claimed that EVs can be secreted by every cell, but the quantity and composition of these EVs can differ greatly among cell types and tissues. Defining this heterogeneity has broad implications for EV-based communication in health and disease.

Congenital Pulmonary Vascular Anomalies and Disease.

Congenital pulmonary vascular disease is a daunting and diverse topic spanning both pulmonary arterial and venous anomalies. Given advancements in treatment, patients with congenital anomalies have longer life expectancies into adulthood and practicing radiologists are bound to come across these patients during their daily practice. Additionally, many anomalies are discovered incidentally on imaging, yet may still have implications for patient care.

Challenges for complement functional assays in the clinical laboratory: From test validation to clinical interpretation.

Complement functional assays are essential first-tier tests for a gamut of disorders spanning from inborn errors of the immune system which lead to recurrent severe infections, to angioedema attacks, presentation of autoimmune disease, thrombotic microangiopathies and rare kidney disorders. These assays evaluate the activity of the three complement pathways and specific complement components, which helps in differential diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. The rising use of complement inhibitors for treating complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathies has heightened the demand for personalized treatment plans and laboratory assessment of complement blockage.

Mechanisms of dual modulatory effects of spermine on the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex.

The mitochondrial Ca uniporter is the Ca channel responsible for mitochondrial Ca uptake. It plays crucial physiological roles in regulating oxidative phosphorylation, intracellular Ca signaling, and cell death. The uniporter contains the pore-forming MCU subunit, the auxiliary EMRE protein, and the regulatory MICU1 subunit, which blocks the MCU pore under resting cellular Ca concentrations.

Data Collection Variability Across Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Registries.

Objective: To assess variability among data elements collected among existing neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) data registries worldwide and to determine the need for future harmonization of standard common data elements.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study of data elements collected from current or recently employed HIE registry data forms. Registries were identified by literature search and email inquiries to investigators worldwide.

Longitudinal integrated proteomic and metabolomic skin changes in atopic dermatitis patients treated with dupilumab.

Background: Inhibition of IL-4/IL-13 driven inflammation by dupilumab has shown significant clinical benefits in treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objective: To assess longitudinal protein and metabolite composition in AD skin during dupilumab treatment.

Methods: Skin tape strip (STS) were collected from lesional/non-lesional skin of 20 AD patients during 16-week dupilumab treatment and from 20 healthy volunteers (HV) followed for 16-weeks.

TARGETING LUNG HEME IRON BY AEROSOL HEMOPEXIN ADMINSTRATION IN SICKLE CELL DISEASE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION.

Lung tissue from human patients and murine models of sickle cell disease pulmonary hypertension (SCD-PH) show perivascular regions with excessive iron accumulation. The iron accumulation arises from chronic hemolysis and extravasation of hemoglobin (Hb) into the lung adventitial spaces, where it is linked to nitric oxide depletion, oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue hypoxia, which collectively drive SCD-PH. Here, we tested the hypothesis that intrapulmonary delivery of hemopexin (Hpx) to the deep lung is effective at scavenging heme-iron and attenuating the progression of SCD-PH.

Understanding the interaction between selected microplastics and the toxic dye "Congo red" in water.

This study thoroughly investigated the adsorption of Congo Red (CR) dye onto various microplastics (MPs), including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Initial adsorption capacities (q) revealed that HDPE had the highest value (21.90 mg/g), followed by PVC (4.

Assembly and Annotation of the Tetraploid Salsola tragus (Russian thistle) Genome.

This report presents two phased chromosome-scale genome assemblies of allotetraploid Salsola tragus (2n=4x=36) and fills the current genomics resource gap for this species. Flow cytometry estimated 1C genome size was 1.319 Gbp.

Evaluation of the Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Time-Out Checklist: A Simulation Study.

Introduction: The Society for Pediatric Anesthesia Quality and Safety Committee developed the Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Time-Out Checklist, consisting of 14 safety items intended to be reviewed by an anesthesia team prior to a regional anesthetic. Primarily, we hypothesized that use of this Checklist would increase the number of safety items performed compared with no checklist, evaluating the usefulness of this tool. Secondarily, we hypothesized that, after checklist training, subjects would show better clinical judgment by electing to perform a regional anesthetic in scenarios in which no programmed error existed and electing to not perform a regional anesthetic in scenarios in which a programmed error did exist.

Co-Infection of Mosquitoes with Rift Valley Fever Phlebovirus Strains Results in Efficient Viral Reassortment.

Rift Valley fever phlebovirus (RVFV) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne pathogen endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and the Arabian Peninsula which causes Rift Valley fever in ruminant livestock and humans. Co-infection with divergent viral strains can produce reassortment among the L, S, and M segments of the RVFV genome. Reassortment events can produce novel genotypes with altered virulence, transmission dynamics, and/or mosquito host range.

Image-Driven Hybrid Structural Analysis Based on Continuum Point Cloud Method with Boundary Capturing Technique.

Conventional approaches for the structural health monitoring of infrastructures often rely on physical sensors or targets attached to structural members, which require considerable preparation, maintenance, and operational effort, including continuous on-site adjustments. This paper presents an image-driven hybrid structural analysis technique that combines digital image processing (DIP) and regression analysis with a continuum point cloud method (CPCM) built on a particle-based strong formulation. Polynomial regressions capture the boundary shape change due to the structural loading and precisely identify the edge and corner coordinates of the deformed structure.

Spatial Characterization of Woody Species Diversity in Tropical Savannas Using GEDI and Optical Data.

Developing the capacity to monitor species diversity worldwide is of great importance in halting biodiversity loss. To this end, remote sensing plays a unique role. In this study, we evaluate the potential of Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) data, combined with conventional satellite optical imagery and climate reanalysis data, to predict in situ alpha diversity (Species richness, Simpson index, and Shannon index) among tree species.