Flavor Wheel Development from a Machine Learning Perspective.

The intricate relationships between chemical compounds and sensory descriptors in distilled spirits have long intrigued distillers, sensory experts, and consumers alike. The importance and complexity of this relation affect the production, quality, and appreciation of spirits, and the success of a product. Because of that, profoundly investigating the different flavor and aroma combinations that the chemical compounds can give to a desired beverage takes an essential place in the industry.

Production of Starch-Based Flexible Food Packaging in Developing Countries: Analysis of the Processes, Challenges, and Requirements.

Biodegradable packaging offers an affordable and sustainable solution to global pollution, particularly in developing countries with limited recycling infrastructure. Starch is well suited to develop biodegradable packages for foods due to its wide availability and simple, low-tech production process. Although the development of starch-based packaging is well documented, most studies focus on the laboratory stages of formulation and plasticization, leaving gaps in understanding key phases such as raw material conditioning, industrial-scale molding, post-production processes, and storage.

Desorption of Cadmium from Cocoa Waste Using Organic Acids.

This study evaluated the desorption of cadmium (Cd) from cocoa waste-derived flour using organic acids. Cocoa pods were collected from Antioquia and Casanare, Colombia, to analyze the geographical Cd content and its distribution within the pod tissues. Acid selection was performed using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) matrix, and Cd desorption was assessed through a full factorial 2 experimental design, considering acid concentration, pulp density, and agitation speed.

Relationship of Interleukin 6 with Hepatic Steatosis and Liver Fibrosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis at a Rheumatology Care Center in Cartagena, Colombia.

Background/objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association of IL-6 with steatotic liver disease (SLD) and liver fibrosis (LF) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients at a rheumatology center in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included RA and non-RA cases. The level of cellular expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) was evaluated by flow cytometry in peripheral blood leukocytes, and the presence of SLD and LF was detected by elastosonography.

New Insights into the Molecular Evolution of (Tapiridae, Perissodactyla) and the Rise and Fall of as a Full Species.

Large wild mammals are extremely important in their respective ecological communities and are frequently considered to be emblematic. This is the case of the different tapir species, the largest terrestrial mammals from the Neotropics. Despite their large size and being objects of interest for many naturalists, the field still lacks critical genetics and systematics information about tapir species.

Editorial "Thermodynamic Optimization of Industrial Energy Systems".

Thermodynamic optimization of industrial energy systems is crucial for finding solutions to reduce energy consumption and mitigate losses, leading to environmental and economic benefits [...

Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteremia in Pediatric Patients in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Data on the health impact of carbapenem-resistant bloodstream infections (CRE-BSIs) in pediatric populations from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are limited. This systematic review aims to examine the demographic, clinical, and microbiological aspects and resource utilization of this infection in children from this region. This systematic review investigates the impact of CRE-BSIs in pediatric populations across LAC.

Characterization of the Interaction of Human γS Crystallin with Metal Ions and Its Effect on Protein Aggregation.

Cataracts are diseases characterized by the opacity of the ocular lens and the subsequent deterioration of vision. Metal ions are one of the factors that have been reported to induce crystallin aggregation. For HγS crystallin, several equivalent ratios of Cu(II) promote protein aggregation.

A New Genus of Andean Katydid with Unusual Pronotal Structure for Enhancing Resonances.

Katydids employ acoustic signals to communicate with others of their species and have evolved to generate sounds by coupling the anatomical structures of their forewings. However, some species have evolved to implement an additional resonance mechanism that enhances the transmission and sound pressure of the acoustic signals produced by the primary resonators. Secondary resonators, such as burrow cavities or horn-shaped structures, are found in the surrounding environment but could also occur as anatomical modifications of their bodies.

Effects of Extract as a Feed Additive on Digestibility and Performance of Hair Lambs.

Animal production requires efficiency, safety and environmental sustainability. Bioactive compounds from tropical plants could modulate ruminal fermentation, providing an alternative method to antibiotic treatment and addressing concerns about antibiotic resistance. In this study, the aim was to determine the effects of extract (TDE) on performance, intake, digestibility and blood parameters [i.

Thermal Behavior of Tropical Sea Cucumber of : Preliminary Issues.

We investigated the growth, preferences, and thermal resistance of the sea cucumber to understand its thermal biology. Sixty individuals were kept in tanks at two temperatures (23 °C and 26 °C) for 30 days to determine their favorable maintenance temperature. Their survival rates and specific growth rates were measured to establish their ideal conditioning temperature in the laboratory.

Drivers of Seasonal Change of Avian Communities in Urban Parks and Cemeteries of Latin America.

Urban parks and cemeteries constitute hot spots of bird diversity in urban areas. However, the seasonal dynamics of their bird communities have been scarcely explored at large scales. This study aims to analyze the drivers of urban bird assemblage seasonality in urban parks and cemeteries comparing assemblages during breeding and non-breeding seasons in the Neotropical Region.

Discrete FIR filter-based Control.

In control system design, managing measurement noise is a critical challenge, requiring a balance between responsiveness and noise suppression. Traditional methods often involve trade-offs, compromising either aspect. This paper proposes a novel solution by integrating a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter within the discrete controller transfer function, coupled with disturbance rejection through the Internal Model Principle (IMP).

Analysis of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of diesel exhaust PM2.5 generated from diesel and dual natural gas-diesel engines.

Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are atmospheric pollutants associated with adverse health effects. In response to their impact, natural gas (NG) has emerged as a promising alternative fuel due to its cleaner combustion. Although the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of DEPs from diesel or NG engines have been extensively studied, the impact of dual natural gas-diesel systems remains unexplored.

HIV interventions across the care continuum for adolescents in high-burden countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Adolescents (10-19 years old) have poor outcomes across the prevention-to-treatment HIV care continuum, leading to significant mortality and morbidity. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions that documented HIV outcomes among adolescents in HIV high-burden countries.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library for studies published between January 2015 and September 2024, assessing at least one HIV outcome along the prevention-to-care cascade, including PrEP uptake, HIV testing, awareness of HIV infections, ARV adherence, retention, and virological suppression.

Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy in a Patient With Gastric Bypass, a Therapeutic Challenge in the Management of Postoperative Achalasia.

Achalasia is a rare esophageal motor disorder characterized by incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and ineffective contraction of the esophageal body. This condition is not often associated with obesity; however, in recent years, cases of achalasia after bariatric surgery have been described. We describe the case of a 30-year-old female patient with a history of gastric sleeve surgery in 2018, which, 4 years after the intervention, presented with dysphagia, regurgitation, and weight loss.

Emergence of in Minas Gerais, Brazil: Genomic Surveillance to inform Rapid Public Health Responses.

poses a significant global health threat due to its multidrug-resistance and outbreak potential. In this study, we report its emergence in Minas Gerais, Brazil, supported by genomic surveillance that identified Clade-IV isolates, suggested a potential introduction from Colombia, and detected a missense mutation associated with azole resistance.

Immunogenicity of the CoronaVac vaccine in children: a real-world study.

Background: Despite its proven effectiveness and safety, there are limited real-world data on CoronaVac's immunogenicity in children, especially in lower-income countries, particularly for SARS-CoV-2 variants. We present a real-world study evaluating CoronaVac's immunogenicity in Colombian children stratified by previous exposure to this virus.

Methods: 89 children aged 3-11 years were enrolled (50 Non-Exposed and 39 Exposed).

Climate change, migration, and health: perspectives from Latin America and the Caribbean.

This article delves into the complex relationship between climate change, migration patterns, and health outcomes in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). While the severe impact of climate change on health in LAC is widely acknowledged, the article sheds light on the often-overlooked multiple effects on migration and the well-being of migrants. These impacts encompass poverty, food and water insecurity, and adverse physical and mental health outcomes.

The response of health systems to the needs of migrants and refugees in the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative case study between Mexico, Colombia and Peru.

Background: Protecting the health of migrants and refugees during the pandemic was a significant challenge in the Latin American region. We aimed to describe and contrast the response of the health systems of Mexico, Colombia and Perú to migrants' and refugees' health needs during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to situate the response in the context of the migration and health policies of each country.

Methods: We conducted case studies of the three countries.

Guided endodontics, precision and predictability: a case series of mineralized anterior teeth with follow-up cone-beam computed tomography.

Pulp chamber and root canal obliteration (PCO/RCO) presents a challenge for clinicians when nonsurgical endodontic treatment is indicated. Guided endodontics (GE) aims to precisely locate the root canal (RC) system while preserving as much pericervical dentin as possible. GE involves integrating cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the affected tooth with a digital impression of the maxillary/mandibular arch, allowing for careful planning of the drilling path to the RC system through a three-dimensional (3D) static guide.

The Linear Retrograde Infiltration (LiRi) Technique for Buttock Fat Infiltration: A Cohort Evolution.

Background: Autologous fat grafting in the buttocks has gained great popularity However, one of the main risks is infiltration of fat into the systemic venous system, leading to potential complications such as macroscopic fatty embolism (MAFE), which can be fatal.

Objectives: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of the LiRi (Linear Retrograde infiltration) for autologous fat grafting in the buttocks, and its evolution over a six-month follow-up period.

Methods: The procedure was performed in 114 patients.

Time-Course physiopathology of Envenomation in Swiss Webster Mice: Insights into Systemic Manifestations.

Objective: The expansion of human activities in northern Colombia has increased human-snake encounters, particularly with venomous . Given the limited knowledge of systemic envenomation effects and previous studies focusing only on early murine symptoms, this investigation aimed to describe the time-course physiopathology of envenomation following intramuscular injection .

Methods: Venom was inoculated in the gastrocnemius muscles of Swiss Webster mice, and blood, urine, and tissue samples were taken at different times to evaluate lethality and biochemical markers of renal function and oxidative stress.

Advantages of the standardized use of preoperative fascia iliaca block versus conventional analgesia in older adults with fragility hip fracture: A retrospective cohort study at two hospitals in Colombia.

Hospital admission due to fragility hip fracture has increased significantly in recent years. In patients with hip fracture, perioperative pain management is usually with opioids, whose dosage is difficult to adjust and have many side effects, especially in older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact and the advantages of the implementation of the fascia iliaca blockade in older adults with hip fracture due to fragility included in the Orthogeriatric Clinical Care Center of the Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá and the San José Infantil University Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia.