Sodium ibuprofenate: antibacterial activities and potential β-lactamase inhibition in critical Gram-negative bacteria.

Aims: To evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of sodium ibuprofenate (NaI) and its hypertonic variant (NaIHS) against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) and explore their potential to inhibit β-lactamase enzymes.

Methods: Antibacterial activity was assessed using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-kill assays. Antibiofilm activity was evaluated by measuring bacterial viability and biomass reduction in preformed biofilms.

Diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome at a tertiary level hospital in Latin America.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common neuroendocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. There is little consensus on the diagnosis of this syndrome, which affects both the number of cases that are diagnosed and the respective consequences. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree to which currently established criteria for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome are followed at a tertiary-level hospital in Colombia.

Molecular confirmation of Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora species in children with acute diarrhoea in Quindio region, Colombia.

Background: There are no reports with molecular confirmation of Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora spp. in children consulting the emergency service due to diarrhoea in Colombia.

Assessing the impacts of mitigation and geoengineering intervention scenarios on Earth system dynamics and climatological variability with multimodal simulations.

Given a world increasingly dominated by climate extremes, modifying the Earth's climate with large-scale geoengineering intervention is inevitable. However, geoengineering faces a conundrum: forecasting the consequences of climate intervention accurately in a system for which we have incomplete observations and an imperfect understanding. We evaluate the global response and potential implications of mitigation and intervention deployment by utilizing CRU TS4.

Omics approaches to explore the coffee fermentation microecosystem and its effects on cup quality.

The cultivation and postharvest processing of coffee constitute the basis of the subsistence and traditional culture for rural family-owned farms, as well as for the economic success of commercial enterprises in many coffee-producing countries worldwide. The quality of the final beverage is determined by a multitude of variables. A key post-harvest factor is the spontaneous fermentation of the coffee beans, conducted directly on the farm, to remove the mucilage that firmly adheres to the beans.

Sex differences in the diagnosis latency of Parkinson's disease in Latin America.

Background: Age and sex are known risk factors for Parkinson's Disease (PD), but it remains controversial if there are sex differences in the diagnosis latency. The objective of this study was to examine these sex differences in Latin America.

Methods: The Latin American Research Consortium on the Genetics of PD (LARGE-PD) includes PD patients from countries across Latin America who were diagnosed using the UK Brain Bank criteria.

A multi-attention deep architecture to stratify lung nodule malignancy from CT scans.

Lung cancer remains the principal cause of cancer-related deaths. Nodules are the main radiological finding, typically observed from low-dose CT scans. Nonetheless, the nodule characterization diagnosis remains subjective, reporting a moderate agreement among experts' observations, especially in identifying malignancy stratification.

Evolving Models of Community-Based Pediatric Palliative Care in Eight Countries across Latin America.

Context: High-quality pediatric palliative care is best achieved through a comprehensive interdisciplinary effort that actively involves the family and engages resources within the community. Community-based palliative care specifically strives to incorporate palliative care into local healthcare systems, adapting the most suitable model of care to each unique context.

Objectives: In Latin America (LATAM), there is a paucity of palliative care teams, especially pediatric palliative care teams, working outside the hospital setting and immersed in the community.

Endoscopic transorbital approach for the management of spheno-orbital meningiomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Meningioma is the most common benign tumor in the central nervous system and may arise from the sphenoid wing region. The tumor can involve the cavernous sinus medially, periorbital and orbital apex structures anteriorly, and infratemporal fossa inferiorly. Surgical approaches more currently used include the fronto-temporal approach, the pterional approach, and even the frontotemporal-orbitozygomatic approach.

Latin American Association for the Study of the Liver (ALEH) guidance on postoperative care after liver transplantation.

Liver transplantation (LT) is a well-established therapy for patients with decompensated cirrhosis and early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation activity varies sharply across Latin American (LATAM) countries due to differences in resources, expertise, and funding and local attitudes toward organ donation and transplantation. This current guidance of postoperative care after LT is the first position paper of the Latin American Association for the Study of the Liver (ALEH) Special Interest Group (SIG), drawing evidence-based recommendations regarding immediate and long-term postoperative care of LT recipients, taking into consideration their applicability in Latin America.

Multicenter, Multinational, Prospective Cohort Study of the Impact of Chlorhexidine Impregnated vs. Plain Central Lines on Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infections.

Objective: We compared the efficacy of chlorhexidine-impregnated central lines (CLs) with plain CLs in preventing central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) in critically ill patients.

Methods: The study was conducted from April 2023 to August 2024 in eight hospitals across India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Colombia, Egypt, and Turkey. Data were collected prospectively using the INICC surveillance online system.

Epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of peripheral T-cell lymphoma in Latin America: an international, retrospective, cohort study.

Background: Peripheral T-cell lymphomas represent a rare and heterogeneous group of mature T-cell neoplasms characterised by aggressive behavior. Previous studies evaluating peripheral T-cell lymphoma epidemiology across Latin America have been restricted in their representation of most countries in the region. In this study, we aimed to describe peripheral T-cell lymphoma epidemiology across Latin America.

Alkaloids from Caliphruria subedentata (Amaryllidaceae) as Regulators of AChE, BuChE, NMDA and GSK3 Activity: An In Vitro and In Silico Approach for Mimicking Alzheimer´s Disease.

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have two types of abnormal protein buildups: amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, in addition to the early synaptic dysfunction associated with the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Impairment of the glutamatergic system is also crucial for neuronal survival, as it can cause synaptic dysfunction that overstimulates glutamate receptors, especially N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). Another protein affecting neuronal health is glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), a widely preserved serine/threonine protein kinase linked to neuronal disorders, including AD.

Role of interleukin-10 and interferon-β as predictive factors of severity in a paediatric population with dengue.

The febrile illness caused by dengue is a global public health problem whose incidence is increasing. This infection can range from mild fever to severe illness with plasma leakage and shock; therefore, biomarkers of severity are urgently needed to elucidate the pathological mechanism of the disease. To explore the levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and interferon (IFN)-β in children with dengue to identify these proteins as biomarkers of severity.

Assessing the educational impact and quality of medical microvideos on TikTok: the case of Latin America.

Background: Social media use in medical education has surged, with YouTube and Facebook leading before COVID-19. Recently, TikTok has drawn young learners, expanding access but often lacking alignment with formal curricula and quality standards.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the quality of academic medical content on TikTok within the Latin American context, focusing on the most-viewed Spanish-language accounts.

Endomyocardial Fibrosis Associated With Myocardial Infarction.

Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is the most common cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy in Africa and South America. We present a case of a 55-year-old man who experienced an anterior myocardial infarction due to thrombotic occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. Multimodality imaging revealed left ventricular (LV) apical obliteration, apical thrombus, and subendocardial fibrosis, without significant systolic dysfunction, consistent with EMF.

Sternal Osteomyelitis Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a Heart Transplant Patient.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) infection poses a significant risk in immunocompromised individuals, particularly in areas with high MT prevalence. We describe the case of a 43-year-old heart transplant recipient who developed chronic sternal wound secretion post-transplant surgery. Imaging revealed signs of inflammatory tissue suggestive of chronic osteomyelitis.

Purifying Selection of the Lysosomal Enzymes Arylsulfatase A and Beta-Galactocerebrosidase and their Evolutionary Impact on Myelin Integrity.

The myelin is responsible for providing stability to the axons of the nerve cells, but above all to improve transmission speed of the nerve impulse in vertebrates. Over 70% of the myelin sheath is composed of lipids and the remaining portion by approximately 2,000 proteins. The myelin sheath has been constantly evolving and it is known that unusually high concentrations of GalCer and its sulfated form play a major role in the biophysical properties of the myelin.

Incidence and survival of patients with melanoma in Colombia.

Background: Melanoma accounts for less than 2 % of all skin cancers but exhibits highly aggressive behaviour, rapidly leading to metastasis. Various individual and environmental risk factors are associated with its occurrence.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted using data from the Integrated Social Protection Information System (SISPRO) of the Colombian Ministry of Health.

Comparative analysis of surgical approaches in nonsyndromic multiple-suture synostosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Nonsyndromic multiple-suture synostosis (MSS) is one of the rarest types of craniosynostosis. While both endoscopic and open surgical approaches have demonstrated efficacy for MSS patients, a comprehensive comparison of perioperative outcomes between the two approaches has yet to be fully explored. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the available evidence among the two surgical approaches to better inform the management of complex craniosynostosis.

A case of intraoperative arrest & mobile ECMO.

Over the past two decades, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly used to support critical patients with cardiac and respiratory failure who fail to respond to conventional management. In refractory cardiac arrest, ECMO can restore perfusion in patients who meet specific criteria designed to maximize survival benefit and good neurological outcomes. In recent literature, there is no report of mobile ECMO in a case of prolonged cardiac arrest with direct cardiac massage.

The Effect of Predicted Compliance With a Web-Based Intervention for Anxiety and Depression Among Latin American University Students: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (wb-CBT) is a scalable way to reach distressed university students. Guided wb-CBT is typically superior to self-guided wb-CBT over short follow-up periods, but evidence is less clear over longer periods.

Objective: This study aimed to compare short-term (3 months) and longer-term (12 months) aggregate effects of guided and self-guided wb-CBT versus treatment as usual (TAU) in a randomized controlled trial of Colombian and Mexican university students and carry out an initially unplanned secondary analysis of the role of differential predicted compliance in explaining these differences.