Organic Cathode Electrolyte Interphase Achieving 4.8 V LiCoO.

Developing high-voltage electrolytes to stabilize LiCoO (LCO) cycling remains a challenge in lithium-ion batteries. Constructing a high-quality cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) is essential to mitigate adverse reactions at high voltages. However, conventional inorganic CEIs dominated by LiF have shown limited performance for high-voltage LCO.

Exploring hydrogen adsorption and release in 2D MC-MXenes: structural and functional insights.

Two-dimensional MC-MXenes, characterized by their lightweight nature, tunable surface structures, and strong affinity for hydrogen, hold significant promise for addressing various challenges in hydrogen energy utilization. This study focuses on investigating the hydrogen adsorption and desorption properties, as well as the stability of hydrogenated compounds in 19 pure MC-MXenes nanosheets. The results indicate that hydrogen adsorption on MC primarily occurs through weak physisorption, with MnC and FeC from the fourth period, and AgC and CdC from the fifth period exhibiting the lowest adsorption energies.

Modulating Ion Behavior by Functional Nanodiamond Modified Separator for High-Rate Durable Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have garnered widespread attention due to their promising development and application prospects. However, progress of AZIBs has been hindered by zinc (Zn) dendrites and side reactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface (EEI). In particular, the large and uneven pores of commercial glass fiber (GF) separators lead to nonuniform Zn transport, which causes side reactions.

Potentials of Mean Force and Solvent Effects of the CN + CHX (X = F, Cl, Br, and I) Reactions by the N-Side Attack in Aqueous Solution.

A combined multilevel quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics approach is performed to investigate the nucleophilic substitution reactions of CN + CHX (X = F, Cl, Br, and I) by the N-side attack in aqueous solution. The water molecules are treated microscopically using an explicit SPC/E model, and the potentials of mean force are characterized by both the DFT and CCSD(T) levels of theory for the solute. Calculations demonstrate that the shielding effect of the solvent reduces the nucleophile-substrate and substrate-leaving group interactions in solution, leading to stationary point structures that are quite different from those in the gas phase.

Harnessing Defects in SnSe Film via Photo-Induced Doping for Fully Light-Controlled Artificial Synapse.

2D-layered materials are recognized as up-and-coming candidates to overcome the intrinsic physical limitation of silicon-based devices. Herein, the coexistence of positive persistent photoconductivity (PPPC) and negative persistent photoconductivity (NPPC) in SnSe thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition provides an excellent avenue for engineering novel devices. It is determined that surface oxygen is co-regulated by physisorption and chemisorption, and the NPPC is attributed to the photo-controllable oxygen desorption behavior.

Current Status and Perspectives of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals with Heterologous Dual-targeted Functions: 2013-2023.

Radiotracers provide molecular- and cellular-level information in a noninvasive manner and have become important tools for precision medicine. In particular, the successful clinical application of radioligand therapeutic (RLT) has further strengthened the role of nuclear medicine in clinical treatment. The complicated microenvironment of the lesion has rendered traditional single-targeted radiopharmaceuticals incapable of fully meeting the requirements.

Unlocking high-performance near-infrared photodetection: polaron-assisted organic integer charge transfer hybrids.

Room temperature femtowatt sensitivity remains a sought-after attribute, even among commercial inorganic infrared (IR) photodetectors (PDs). While organic IR PDs are poised to emerge as a pivotal sensor technology in the forthcoming Fourth-Generation Industrial Era, their performance lags behind that of their inorganic counterparts. This discrepancy primarily stems from poor external quantum efficiencies (EQE), driven by inadequate exciton dissociation (high exciton binding energy) within organic IR materials, exacerbated by pronounced non-radiative recombination at narrow bandgaps.

n- to p-Type Conductivity Transition of LuN@C Due to Anisotropic Deformation of Fullerene and Pyramidalization of Endohedral Clusters.

The endohedral fullerene LuN@C was examined using in situ high-pressure measurements, which included electrical transport, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, in combination with theoretical calculations. LuN@C was found to undergo a reversible n- to p-type conversion at ∼8.9 GPa.

New MgSiO_{4}H_{2} Phases as Potential Primary Water Carriers into the Deep Earth.

Dense hydrous magnesium silicate MgSiO_{4}H_{2} is widely regarded as a primary water carrier into the deep Earth. However, the stability fields of MgSiO_{4}H_{2} based on the prevailing structure model are narrower than experimental results at relevant pressure and temperature (P-T) conditions, casting doubts about this prominent mineral as a water carrier into the great depths of the Earth. Here, we report on an advanced structure search that identifies two new crystal structures, denoted as α- and β-MgSiO_{4}H_{2}, that are stable over unprecedentedly wide P-T conditions of 17-68 GPa and up to 1860 K, covering the entire experimentally determined range.

Giant Domain Wall Anomalous Hall Effect in a Layered Antiferromagnet EuAl_{2}Si_{2}.

Generally, the dissipationless Hall effect in solids requires time-reversal symmetry breaking (TRSB), where TRSB induced by external magnetic field results in the ordinary Hall effect, while TRSB caused by spontaneous magnetization gives rise to the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) which scales with the net magnetization. The AHE is therefore not expected in antiferromagnets with vanishing small magnetization. However, large AHE was recently observed in certain antiferromagnets with noncollinear spin structure and nonvanishing Berry curvature.

Phase Modulation Leads to Ultrahigh Energy Storage Performance in AgNbO-Based Ceramics and Multilayer Capacitors.

Antiferroelectric (AFE) ceramics are competitive energy storage candidates for advanced high-power devices. However, the poor recoverable energy density and efficiency are challenging and severely hinder their applications. Here, superior energy storage performance is obtained in Bi-, Sr-, and Ta-codoped AgNbO-based ceramics.

Development and validation of the MRI-based deep learning classifier for distinguishing perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease from cryptoglandular fistula: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: A singular reliable modality for early distinguishing perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (PFCD) from cryptoglandular fistula (CGF) is currently lacking. We aimed to develop and validate an MRI-based deep learning classifier to effectively discriminate between them.

Methods: The present study retrospectively enrolled 1054 patients with PFCD or CGF from three Chinese tertiary referral hospitals between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021.

Fabricating High-Efficiency Sb(S,Se) Solar Cells by Novel Additive-Assisted Longitudinal Component Engineering.

Antimony selenosulfide (Sb(S,Se)) solar cells have achieved an efficiency of over 10.0%. However, the uncontrollable hydrothermal process makes preparing high-quality Sb(S,Se) thin films a bottleneck for efficient Sb(S,Se) solar cell.

Direct electronical readout of surface plasmon resonance biosensor enabled by on-fiber Graphene/PMMA photodetector.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) optical fiber sensors are appealing for biomolecular detection due to their inherent characteristics such as flexibility, real-time performance, and high sensitivity. Concurrently, incorporating SPR sensors into wearable devices has emerged as a significant strategy. However, the majority of traditional SPR optical fiber sensors utilize spectrometers for optical readout, which leads to a relatively bulky overall size of the sensing system.

Electronic interactions between SnO crystals and porous N-doped carbon nanoflowers accelerate electrochemical reduction of CO to formate.

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) to formic acid or formate is a highly effective approach for achieving carbon neutrality. However, multiple proton-coupling-electronic processes and the instability of the catalysts caused by surface poisoning greatly limit the overall efficiency of CORR to formate. Here, a facile method was developed to anchor ∼2.

Correction: Highly efficient yellow emission and abnormal thermal quenching in Mn-doped RbCdCl.

Correction for 'Highly efficient yellow emission and abnormal thermal quenching in Mn-doped RbCdCl' by Dayu Huang , , 2023, , 5715-5723, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3DT00453H.

Tightly focused optical skyrmions and merons formed by electric-field vectors with prescribed characteristics.

Optical skyrmions, which are topological quasi-particles with nontrivial electromagnetic textures, have garnered escalating research interest recently for their potential in diverse applications. In this paper, we present a method for generating tightly focused optical skyrmion and meron topologies formed by electric-field vectors under 4-focusing system, where both the topology types (including Néel-, Bloch-, intermediate- and anti-skyrmion/meron) and the normal direction of the two-dimensional topology projection plane can be tailored at will. By utilizing time-reversal techniques, we analytically derive the radiation pattern of a multiple concentric-ring array of dipoles (MCAD) to obtain the required illumination fields on the pupil planes of the two high numerical aperture lenses.

Flat lens-based subwavelength focusing and scanning enabled by Fourier translation.

We demonstrate a technique for flexibly controlling subwavelength focusing and scanning, by using the Fourier translation property of a topology-preserved flat lens. The Fourier transform property of the flat lens enables converting an initial phase shift of light into a spatial displacement of its focus. The flat lens used in the technique exhibits a numerical aperture of 0.

Dynamic control of the directional scattering of single Mie particle by laser induced metal insulator transitions.

Interference between the electric and magnetic dipole-induced in Mie nanostructures has been widely demonstrated to tailor the scattering field, which was commonly used in optical nano-antennas, filters, and routers. The dynamic control of scattering fields based on dielectric nanostructures is interesting for fundamental research and important for practical applications. Here, it is shown theoretically that the amplitude of the electric and magnetic dipoles induced in a vanadium dioxide nanosphere can be manipulated by using laser-induced metal-insulator transitions, and it is experimentally demonstrated that the directional scattering can be controlled by simply varying the irradiances of the excitation laser.

Enabling Long-cycling Aqueous Zn-MnO Batteries via Segregated and Interlaced Carbon Frameworks.

MnO is a promising candidate for aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity (468.5 mAh g) and environmental friendliness, while its practical application is hindered by slow kinetics and rapid capacity degradation. Herein, a porous MnO with segregated and interlaced carbon framework (HCF-MnO) is introduced.

Lab-on-Fiber Operando Deciphering of a MOF Electrocatalyst.

Despite the great success in deploying metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as efficient electrocatalysts, the low adoption of operando methods hinders the understanding of underlying mechanism. By leveraging the subtle refractive index evolution, including both the real and the imaginary parts, an entirely new concept of a lab-on-fiber operando method and its feasibility for "pristine-immersion-operando-post analysis" of electrocatalyts are demonstrated. Concurrent collection of absorption spectra and surface plasmon resonance is achieved by engineering fiber-optic waveguides to simultaneously induce guided light attenuation and plasmonic coupling.