Disparities in Cervical Cancer Treatment Options between African American (Black) and White Women in Alabama.

There are disparities in cervical cancer treatment options between African American (Black) and White women in Alabama. The objective of this study was to identify and assess factors contributing to the prevailing inequalities in cervical cancer treatment options between Blacks and Whites, who are living in urban, rural Black Belt (BB), and other rural counties of Alabama. The data of our study population, which was comprised of 2,124 cases of cervical cancer in women 17 years and older, were extracted from the 2004 to 2013 dataset of the Alabama Department of Public Health (ADPH) Cancer Registry.

Camptothecin Induces PD-L1 and Immunomodulatory Cytokines in Colon Cancer Cells.

Immunotherapy has changed the options for the treatment of various cancer types, but not colon cancer. Current checkpoint blockade approaches are ineffective in a large proportion of colon cancer cases, necessitating studies to elucidate its mechanisms and to identify new targets and strategies against it. Here, we examined Programmed Death-Ligand 1(PD-L1), cytokine and receptor responses of colon cancer cells exposed to camptothecin (CPT), a clinically used topoisomerase inhibitor.

Effect of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection on expression of interleukin-16 in goats.

Objective: To determine the effect of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection on expression of interleukin-16 (IL-16).

Animals: 6 goats experimentally infected with CAEV and 6 age-matched healthy uninfected control goats.

Procedure: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial membrane cells from infected and control goats cultured with or without phytohemagglutinin were analyzed for IL-16 mRNA by use of a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay with goat-specific primers, after cloning and sequencing of a 384-bp fragment of the goat IL-16 gene.