Application of Hybrid External Skeletal Fixation with Bone Tissue Engineering Techniques for Comminuted Fracture of the Proximal Radius in a Dog.

A seven-month-old male Pomeranian presented with left forelimb lameness after a fall. Radiographic assessment confirmed proximal radial head and ulnar comminuted fracture. The initial surgical intervention involved the use of hybrid external skeletal fixation (ESF) to stabilize the radial head, concomitant with the application of a composite of bone morphogenetic protein type 2 (BMP-2)-loaded hydroxyapatite and gelatin microparticles at the fracture site.

Molecular detection and genomic characterization of Samak Micromys paramyxovirus-1 and -2 in Micromys minutus, Republic of Korea.

Background: The discovery of viruses in small mammalian populations, particularly rodents, has expanded the family Paramyxoviridae. The overlap in habitats between rodents and humans increases the risk of zoonotic events, underscoring the importance of active surveillance. Rodent species, such as Apodemus agrarius, are natural hosts for Paramyxoviridae in the Republic of Korea (ROK).

An investigation of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of (white dandelion) in lactating Holstein dairy cows.

Objective: The aim of this investigation was to examine the impact of (known as dandelion) (TC) and TC mixtures with milk thistle (MT) or (AO) as feed additives on the immune response, milk quality, and milk production in Holstein cows over 6 weeks of administration.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two healthy Holstein dairy cows were provided 30 kg of total mixed ration (TMR) with no TC, 90 gm TC, 54 gm TC + 36 gm MT, or 54 gm TC + 36 gm AO 40% groups. The feed additives were supplied daily in two equal portions (per 45 gm) by topdressing the TMR for 6 weeks.

Suspected Human-to-Cat Spillover of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in South Korea.

This retrospective study reports the isolation and characterization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a household cat in South Korea. The cat, which was presented with respiratory symptoms, was identified during a retrospective analysis of samples collected between April 2021 and March 2022. Genomic sequencing revealed that the isolated virus belonged to the Omicron variant (BA.

Impact of Long-Term Supplementation with Probiotics on Gut Microbiota and Growth Performance in Post-Weaned Piglets.

This study aimed to investigate effects of long-term probiotic supplementation on gut microbiota and growth performance in health weaned piglets. The non-probiotic group (N-PrB) was fed only a basal diet, while the probiotic group (PrB) was fed a basal diet + probiotic combination (. 1.

Computed tomographic evaluation of portal vein indices in cats with the extrahepatic portosystemic shunts.

Importance: The portal vein to aorta (PV/Ao) ratio is used to assess the clinical significance of extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (EHPSS). Previous studies using computed tomography (CT) were conducted in dogs but not in cats.

Objective: This study aimed to establish normal reference values for PV indices (PV/Ao ratio and PV diameter) in cats and determine the usefulness of these for predicting symptomatic EHPSS.

Sonic vibration ameliorates inflammatory diseases via the up-regulation of IL-10.

Sonic vibration (SV), or vibroacoustic therapy, is applied to enhance local and systemic blood circulation and alleviate pain using low-frequency sine wave vibrations. However, there is limited scientific data on the mechanisms through which the benefits are achieved. In this study, we investigated the impact of SV on inflammatory responses by assessing cytokine secretion in both and models.

Occurrence of mycotoxins in swine feed from South Korea.

Objectives: To update recent information on contamination levels of mycotoxins in South Korea.

Materials And Methods: A total of 208 samples sourced from the feeds of swine farms were collected. The contamination levels of mycotoxins, which are aflatoxin (Afla), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), fumonisin (FUM), and T-2 toxin, were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).

Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin C, C and C in Healthy and Infected Piglets.

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is a mixture of therapeutically active C, C, C and other minor components. Despite its decades-long use in pigs and other species, its intramuscular (IM) pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PKs/PDs) are unknown in piglets. Furthermore, the PKs of many drugs differ between healthy and sick animals.

Amino Sugar-Enriched Fraction of Korean Red Ginseng Extract Induces the Priming Step of NLRP3 Inflammasome.

Intracellular protein complexes, known as inflammasomes, activate caspase-1 and induce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin (IL)-1β and -18. Korean Red Ginseng extract (RGE) is a known immunomodulator and a potential candidate for the regulation of inflammasomes. The saponins, such as ginsenosides, of RGE inhibit inflammasome signaling, while non-saponin substances containing amino sugars promote the priming step, up-regulating inflammasome components (pro-IL-1β, NLRP3, caspase-1, and Asc).

Anti-intercellular adhesion molecule 1 monomaintenance therapy induced long-term liver allograft survival without chronic rejection.

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are essential in liver transplantation (LT); however, their long-term use leads to various adverse effects. The anti-intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 monoclonal antibody MD3 is a potential alternative to CNI. Despite its promising results with short-term therapy, overcoming the challenge of chronic rejection remains important.

SPATA20 deficiency enhances the metastatic and angiogenic potential of cancer cells by promoting HIF-1α synthesis.

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) regulate cellular oxygen balance and play a central role in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. Despite extensive research on HIFs, successful therapeutic strategies remain limited due to the intricate nature of their regulation. In this study, we identified SPATA20, a relatively understudied protein with a thioredoxin-like domain, as an upstream regulator of HIF-1α.

Etiological agent and clinical characteristics of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the southern Republic of Korea: a genomic surveillance study.

Objectives: High incidences of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) have been reported in the southern Republic of Korea (ROK). A distinct southern genotype of Orthohantavirus hantanense (HTNV) was identified in Apodemus agrarius chejuensis on Jeju Island. However, its association with HFRS cases in southern ROK remains elusive.

Tick Diversity and Pathogen Transmission in Daejeon, Korea: Implications from Companion Animals and Walking Trails.

With the ongoing global warming-induced climate change, there has been a surge in vector-borne diseases, particularly tick-borne diseases (TBDs). As the population of companion animals grows, there is growing concern from a One Health perspective about the potential for these animals to spread TBDs. In this study, ticks were collected from companion animals and the surrounding environment in Daejeon Metropolitan City, Korea, using flagging and dragging, and CO trap methods.

Endogenous IL-27 during toxoplasmosis limits early monocyte responses and their inflammatory activation by pathological T cells.

Unlabelled: Mice that lack the genes for IL-27, or the IL-27 receptor, and infected with develop T cell-mediated pathology. Here, studies were performed to determine the impact of endogenous IL-27 on the immune response to in wild-type (WT) mice. Analysis of infected mice revealed the early production of IL-27p28 by a subset of Ly6C, inflammatory monocytes, and sustained IL-27p28 production at sites of acute and chronic infection.

A porcine circovirus type 2d-based virus-like particle vaccine induces humoral and cellular immune responses and effectively protects pigs against PCV2d challenge.

The pathogenic porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) leads to significant economic losses in pig production. PCV2d is currently the dominant genotype causing porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD) worldwide. Therefore, development of a recombinant PCV2d-based vaccine is required to elicit complete protection against PCV2d infection.

Panaxydol extracted from Panax ginseng inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation to ameliorate NASH-induced liver injury.

Activation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome exacerbates liver inflammation and fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), suggesting that development of inflammasome inhibitor can become leading candidate to ameliorate NASH. Panax ginseng (P. ginseng) contains numerous bioactive natural components to reduce inflammation.

Potential Tick Defense Associated with Skin and Hair Characteristics in Korean Water Deer ().

The Korean water deer (WD), a predominant wildlife species in South Korea, is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN Red List. Despite belonging to the same family, Cervidae, WD show significantly fewer adult ixodid tick infestations compared to roe deer (RD). Ticks, which cannot fly, engage in questing behavior in natural environments to latch onto hosts.

Characterization of Inflammasomes and Their Regulation in the Red Fox.

Background: Inflammasomes recognize endogenous and exogenous danger signals, and subsequently induce the secretion of IL-1β. Studying inflammasomes in the red fox () is crucial for wildlife veterinary medicine, as it can help control inflammatory diseases in foxes.

Methods: We investigated the activation and intracellular mechanisms of three inflammasomes (NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4) in fox peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), using established triggers and inhibitors derived from humans and mice.

Complete genome sequence of probiotic 7409N31 isolated from a healthy Hanwoo calf.

7409N31 was isolated from the feces of a healthy 11-day-old Hanwoo calf from a farm in Geochang-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. The genome of the strain was completely sequenced using the PacBio RSII sequencing system, and it was confirmed that it was composed of one circular chromosome. The size of the entire genome was 2,198,442 bp, and it had 35.

The Role of NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Trained Immunity.

Inflammasomes are cytosolic multi-protein complexes that play an important role in the innate immune system, inducing cytokine maturation and pyroptosis. Trained immunity is the induction of memory in innate immune cells by epigenetic reprogramming due to repeated inflammatory stimuli that alter the inflammatory response and increase resistance to infection or disease. Although it is speculated that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD), leucine-rich repeat (LRR), and the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes respond to various inflammatory stimuli and are associated with trained immunity, the exact relationship is still unclear.