Neurobiology of Pathogen Avoidance and Mate Choice: Current and Future Directions.

Animals are under constant threat of parasitic infection. This has influenced the evolution of social behaviour and has strong implications for sexual selection and mate choice. Animals assess the infection status of conspecifics based on various sensory cues, with odours/chemical signals and the olfactory system playing a particularly important role.

Adaptation to life after sport for retired athletes: A scoping review of existing reviews and programs.

Retirement from sport is a life transition that has significant implications for athletes' physical and mental health, as well as their social and professional development. Although extensive work has been done to review the retirement experiences of athletes, relatively less work has been done to examine and reflect on this expansive body of literature with a pragmatic aim of deciding what needs to happen to better support retiring athletes. This study used scoping review methodology to review current academic reviews, gray literature articles, and support programs on athletic retirement.

Canada's cannabis legalization and adult crime patterns, 2015-2021: A time series study.

Background And Aim: A central goal of the Cannabis Act (October 17, 2018) - Canada's national cannabis legalization framework - aimed to reduce cannabis-related criminalization and consequent impact on the Canadian criminal justice system. We assessed whether Canada's cannabis legalization was associated with changes in adult police-reported cannabis-related, property, or violent criminal incidents.

Design: Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) time series models evaluated relations between legalization and adult cannabis-related, property, and violent crimes, using criminal incident data from the Canadian Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR-2; January 1, 2015-December 31, 2021).

Canada's cannabis legalization and police-reported cannabis-related criminal incidents among youth, 2015-2021.

Background: We previously reported that the 2018 Canadian Cannabis Act, allowing youth to possess up to 5 g dried cannabis or equivalent for personal use/sharing, was associated with short-term (76 days) post-legalization reduction in police-reported cannabis-related crimes among youth. To establish whether the change might be sustained, we now estimate this association during a much longer time period by including an additional three years of post-legalization data.

Methods: Using national daily police-reported criminal incident data from January 1, 2015-December 31, 2021 from the Canadian Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR-2), the study employed Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) time series models to assess the associations between legalization and youth (12-17 years) cannabis-related offenses (male, n = 34,508; female, n = 9529).

The Impact of Depth of Encoding on the Transfer of Test Enhanced Learning.

The mediator effectiveness hypothesis states the benefit of retrieval practice is a consequence of the activation of mediators linking cue and target items during review. Evidence has found that mediators are more effective at prompting recall of target words than words not associated with the original cue, a pattern that is larger following testing than restudy. The benefit of testing for unstudied cues at the final test is referred to as .

Revisioning aging: Indigenous, crip and queer renderings.

In this article, we re-vision Anishinaabe, crip and queer futures of aging against and beyond dominant successful aging narratives by drawing on our archive of digital/multimedia videos (short documentaries) produced in conjunction with older/e/Elder persons and the Re•Vision: Centre for Art and Social Justice. These documentaries are directed and come from the lives of those older and e/Elder persons whose aging embodiments intra-sect with their Indigenous, disabled and queer selves. Disrupting hegemonic successful aging narratives, and specifically heteronormative and ableist trajectories of aging, these alternative renderings of aging futures offer rich, affective relationalities and cyclical timescapes of older experience that draw on the past even as they reach into divergent futurities.

Transfer of Test-Enhanced Learning.

Memory for paired-associate words is facilitated by interim testing relative to restudy. According to the mediator effectiveness hypothesis, the benefit of retrieval practice is a consequence of the activation of a mediator word linking the cue and target. Evidence for the activation of cue-related mediators stems from the finding that mediators are more effective at prompting recall of target words than are words not associated with the original cue, a pattern that is larger following testing than restudy.

"Finding my Blackness, Finding my Rhythm": Music and Identity Development in African, Caribbean, and Black Emerging Adults.

This study examines how music functions in relation to identity development for African-, Caribbean- and Black-identified emerging adults who have immigrated to Canada. Eleven ACB-identified emerging adults, recruited from music schools, community, and student organizations took part in semi-structured interviews adapted from McAdams' Life Story Interview protocol to focus on music practices and memories. Thematic Analyses results suggest that transitioning to life in Canada necessitated learning new meanings of being and "becoming" Black.

Exploring screening for borderline personality disorder in pediatric inpatients with psychiatric Illness.

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe psychiatric illness associated with poor personal and interpersonal functioning. Screening for BPD in adolescents and provision of specialized treatment may improve life circumstances in vocations and relationships. The purpose of this study was to determine the number of pediatric inpatients who would screen positive for BPD with a self-rating measure, and to compare their personal and interpersonal characteristics with youth who did not screen positive.

Determinants of supplementation among Canadian university students: a theory of planned behavior perspective.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the psychosocial determinants of (1) intention to use dietary supplements (DS) and (2) the behavior of engaging in supplementation by testing the fit of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).

Methods: A total of 778 students at a Canadian university in Ontario completed a cross-sectional survey assessing participants' attitude, injunctive norm, descriptive norm, perceived behavioral control and intention toward DS use. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests and linear and logistic regressions.

Impacts of Canada's cannabis legalization on police-reported crime among youth: early evidence.

Aims: Canada's 2018 Cannabis Act allows youth (age 12-17 years) to possess up to 5 g of dried cannabis (or equivalent) for personal consumption/sharing. This study assessed whether the Cannabis Act was associated with changes in police-reported cannabis offences among youth in Canada.

Design: Time series model using national daily criminal incident data from January 1, 2015-December 31, 2018 from the Canadian Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR-2).

Age and Sex Interact to Determine the Effects of Commonly Consumed Dairy Products on Postmeal Glycemia, Satiety, and Later Meal Food Intake in Adults.

Background: Dairy consumption reduces postprandial glycemia and appetite when consumed with carbohydrates.

Objectives: The objective was to test the effects of frequently consumed dairy products, age, and sex on glycemia, appetite, and food intake.

Methods: In a randomized, unblinded, crossover design, 30 older [60-70 y; BMI (kg/m2): 18.

What a body can do: Rethinking body functionality through a feminist materialist disability lens.

A burgeoning body of literature shows a positive relationship between body functionality and positive body image. Although still nascent, research centring experiences of people with disabilities and bodily differences develops this literature. In this article, we offer directions for this research, bringing body functionality into dialogue with feminist materialist disability theory to examine relations between people's bodily perceptions and the socio-material worlds they occupy.

Intersectionality and Invisible Victims: Reflections on Data Challenges and Vicarious Trauma in Femicide, Family and Intimate Partner Homicide Research.

Rigorous, comprehensive and timely research are the cornerstone of social and transformative change. For researchers responding to femicide, family and intimate partner homicide, there are substantial challenges around accessing robust data that is complete and fully representative of the experiences and social identities of those affected. This raises questions of how certain social identities are privileged and how the lens of intersectionality may be constrained or enabled through research.

Dietary Supplementation Practices among Varsity Athletes at a Canadian University.

Background: Given the risks of inadvertent doping associated with dietary supplement (DS) use, it is critical to explore the extent of dependence of varsity athletes on DS to improve performance and support recovery. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into dietary supplementation practices among varsity athletes in a university setting in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: An online DS use questionnaire was completed by 302 varsity athletes (30.

Sexual health needs and psychosocial well-being of patients with prostate cancer in a regional cancer Center.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer for men. The cancer diagnosis and treatment can affect patients' psychosocial and sexual health. The purpose of this research project was to identify the sexual health concerns of patients with prostate cancer.

Exploring the dietary choices of Chinese women living with breast cancer in Vancouver, Canada.

Purpose: To explore how Chinese Canadian patients with breast cancer make dietary choices and to understand their nutritional information needs in order to inform oncology healthcare providers about provision of optimal supportive care for this population.

Methods: Using interpretive description methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with first- and second-generation Chinese Canadian women aged 41-73 years living in Vancouver, Canada, who were diagnosed with breast cancer within the last 5 years. A follow-up focus group was held to validate emergent themes.

Examining school-level implementation of British Columbia, Canada's school food and beverage sales policy: a realist evaluation.

Objective: To identify key school-level contexts and mechanisms associated with implementing a provincial school food and beverage policy.

Design: Realist evaluation. Data collection included semi-structured interviews (n 23), structured questionnaires (n 62), participant observation at public events (n 3) and scans of school, school district and health authority websites (n 67).

Impact of a Caregiver-Friendly Workplace Policies Intervention: A Prospective Economic Evaluation.

Objective: We estimate the potential cost-benefit of a caregiver-friendly workplace policies (CFWPs) educational intervention to facilitate uptake of supports for carer-employees (CEs) at a post-secondary institution.

Methods: We identified CEs through a voluntary survey and estimated the economic burden of caregiving activities from the CEs' and employer's perspective. The latter is used as the baseline of comparison for evaluating the cost-benefit of the intervention.

Programming Effects of Pubertal Lipopolysaccharide Treatment in Male and Female CD-1 Mice.

Puberty is a critical period of development marked by sexual, immune, and neural maturation. Exposure to stress during this period can lead to enduring changes in brain functioning and in behavior; however, the underlying mechanisms and the programming effects of stress during puberty remain unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the programming effects of pubertal immune challenge in response to a homotypic stressor later in life in CD-1 mice.

Principles, practice, and policy vacuums: Policy actor views on provincial/territorial harm reduction policy in Canada.

Introduction: Canada is experiencing a new era of harm reduction policymaking and investment. While many provinces and territories are expanding access to these services, harm reduction policy and policymaking varies across the country. The present study, part of the Canadian Harm Reduction Policy Project (CHARPP), described policy actors' views on formal harm reduction policies in Canada's 13 provinces and territories.

District-level implementation of British Columbia's school food and beverage sales policy: a realist evaluation exploring intervention mechanisms in urban and rural contexts.

Intervention: British Columbia's (BC) provincial school food and beverage sales policy.

Research Question: What are the processes associated with district-level implementation of BC's school food and beverage sales policy?

Methods: We adopted a realist approach and a qualitative, multiple case study design that included three urban and two rural BC school districts. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews and questionnaires with health, education, and industry stakeholders, observations, document analysis and website scans.

Qualitative Pilot Study of Veterinarians' Perceptions of and Experiences with Counseling about Dog Walking in Companion-Animal Practice in Southern Ontario.

Dog walking is beneficial to dogs and their owners, and it supports One Health, an initiative devoted to improving the health of animals and humans. Despite the benefits of dog walking, many dogs and their owners are not engaging in adequate dog-walking exercise. One way to encourage dog walking is for veterinarians to counsel owners on dog walking during veterinary appointments.