Histochemical indications for a chemically complex signal produced by the cervical gill slit gland of the pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps).

The pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps) possesses an exocrine gland associated with its false gill slit pigmentation pattern. The cervical gill slit gland is a compound tubuloalveolar gland that produces a holocrine secretion and displays maturational changes in size and secretory histology. While the morphology of the cervical gill slit gland has been described in detail, to date, the chemical composition of its secretion remains uncharacterized.

One-quarter of freshwater fauna threatened with extinction.

Freshwater ecosystems are highly biodiverse and important for livelihoods and economic development, but are under substantial stress. To date, comprehensive global assessments of extinction risk have not included any speciose groups primarily living in freshwaters. Consequently, data from predominantly terrestrial tetrapods are used to guide environmental policy and conservation prioritization, whereas recent proposals for target setting in freshwaters use abiotic factors.

Factors influencing communication issues during hospital discharge for older adults in 11 high-income countries: a secondary analysis of the 2021 International Health Policy Survey.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hospital discharge communication problems with older adults, compare them across countries and determine factors associated with those problems.

Design: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data.

Setting: 2021 Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy (IHP) Survey of Older Adults conducted across 11 high-income countries, including Australia, Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK and the USA.

Vulnerability in Colorectal Cancer: Adjusted Gross Income and Geography as Factors in Determining Overall Survival in Colorectal Cancer: A Single-Center Study Across a Broad Income Inequality in an American Context.

: Regional differences in socioeconomic status (SES) are well known, and we believe that the use of geocoding (zip code) can facilitate the introduction of targeted interventions for underserved populations. This is a single-center, retrospective analysis of data extracted from the cancer registry at the Capital Health Cancer Center in Pennington, N. The Capital Health Cancer Center in central New Jersey primarily serves two counties, catering to a diverse patient population from a wide range of socioeconomic backgrounds.

Recent Range Expansion and Genomic Admixture in a Kleptoparasitic Spider, Argyrodes lanyuensis: A Case of Adaptive Introgression on Small, Isolated Islands of the Taiwan-Philippine Transition Zone?

Adaptive introgression involves the acquisition of advantageous genetic variants through hybridisation, which are subsequently favoured by natural selection due to their association with beneficial traits. Here, we analysed speciation patterns of the kleptoparasitic spider, Argyrodes lanyuensis, through genomic analyses and tested for possible genetic evidence of adaptive introgression at the Taiwan-Philippines transition zone. Our study used highly polymorphic SNPs to demonstrate that speciation occurred when the Hualien (on Taiwan Island + Green Island) and Orchid Island + Philippine lineages separated during the early to mid-Pleistocene.

A new genus and a new species of Cladonotinae (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from Mindanao, Philippines.

A new genus and a new species of Cladonotinae (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) is described from Mount Malindang in Mindanao, Philippines: Fartmanntettix undulatus Tan & Tumbrinck, gen. et sp. nov.

A new species and new records of the subtribe Lebinthina (Grylloidea, Eneopterinae, Lebinthini) from Mindanao, Philippines.

A new species of Falcerminthus is described from Zamboanga del Norte in western Mindanao: Falcerminthus hispidus sp. nov. We also present a new locality record for Falcerminthus parvus (Baroga-Barbecho & Robillard, 2020) in the south of Mindanao, i.

A taxonomic review on the katydids of the genus Anthracites Redtenbacher, 1891 (Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini) from Mindanao, Philippines.

Anthracites Redtenbacher, 1891 is a genus of Agraeciini with 13 species, of which 11 are found in the Philippines. In the Philippines, seven species were described from Mindanao, the most among other main islands. Based on recently collected material from different parts of Mindanao, we describe two additional new species: Anthracites alatus Tan, Bahoy & Sabang sp.

A new species of Ducetia (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) from Mindanao, Philippines based on bioacoustics, stridulatory file morphology and genetic data.

The Ducetia japonica species group consists of 11 species widely distributed in Asia and Australia. It includes a single species from the Philippines: Ducetia adspersa Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878. Previously synonymized under Ducetia japonica (Thunberg, 1815), this species was resurrected for its unique stridulatory file.

Disparities between sustainability of country-level seafood production and consumption.

Ensuring the sustainability of seafood is increasingly important for supporting food security and stable livelihoods in the face of a growing human population. A country's seafood sustainability is often defined by how it manages its fisheries stocks; however, growth in the volume and complexity of global seafood trade has created an increasing disconnect between the sustainability of a country's seafood production and their seafood consumption. Using a global seafood trade database, we demonstrate wide differences between country-specific sustainability of produced versus consumed seafood.

A mixed-methods community needs assessment of Santa Maria and Guadalupe, California.

Unlabelled: Santa Maria and Guadalupe are neighboring cities in northern Santa Barbara County that have a lower socioeconomic profile than the county overall, are >75% Latino, and have up to 32,000 residents who identify as Indigenous, primarily Mixtec-speaking people from southern Mexico. We conducted a mixed-methods community needs assessment to identify unique health challenges and barriers that Latinx and Mixtec individuals faced. From January to April 2021, targeted and general recruitment approaches were used to recruit a convenience sample of 159 participants (74% Latinx, 72% female, mean age 41.

A Hearing Intervention and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis of the ACHIEVE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Health-related quality of life is a critical health outcome and a clinically important patient-reported outcome in clinical trials. Hearing loss is associated with poorer health-related quality-of-life in older adults.

Objective: To investigate the 3-year outcomes of hearing intervention vs health education control on health-related quality of life.

Phosphanylphosphaalkenes as precursors for metallaphosphaalkene complexes.

We synthesized phosphanylphosphaalkenes (biph)CP-P(Bu) (2), PhCP-P(NEt) (3), and (biph)CP-P(NEt) (4). The diaminophosphanyl derivatives reversibly dimerize head-to-head and react with a ruthenium complex, leading to P-P bond activation and the formation of a bridging phospaalkene complex under mild conditions.

Leveraging machine learning to enhance appointment adherence at a novel post-discharge care transition clinic.

Objective: This study applies predictive analytics to identify patients at risk of missing appointments at a novel post-discharge clinic (PDC) in a large academic health system. Recognizing the critical role of appointment adherence in the success of new clinical ventures, this research aims to inform future targeted interventions to increase appointment adherence.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed electronic health records (EHRs) capturing a wide array of demographic, socio-economic, and clinical variables from 2168 patients with scheduled appointments at the PDC from September 2022 to August 2023.

Predictors of advance care planning in 11 high-income nations.

Background: Elderly population is increasing in high-income countries. For instance, by 2050, 21.4% of the United States population is expected to be 65+, thus making advance care planning (ACP) increasingly important.

KS18, a Mcl-1 inhibitor, improves the effectiveness of bortezomib and overcomes resistance in refractory multiple myeloma by triggering intrinsic apoptosis.

Despite a record number of clinical studies investigating various anti-myeloma treatments, the 5-year survival rate for multiple myeloma (MM) patients in the US is only 55%, and almost all patients relapse. Poor patient outcomes demonstrate that myeloma cells are "born to survive" which means they can adapt and evolve following treatment. Thus, new therapeutic approaches to combat survival mechanisms and target treatment resistance are required.

Computational analysis of natural compounds as potential phosphodiesterase type 5A inhibitors.

Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) is a cyclic nucleotide-hydrolyzing enzyme that plays essential roles in the regulation of second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) produced in response to various stimuli. Pharmacological inhibition of PDE5 has been shown to have several therapeutic uses, including treating cardiovascular diseases and erectile dysfunction. In search of PDE5A inhibitors with safer pharmacokinetic properties, computational analyses of the binding propensity of fifty natural compounds comprising flavonoids, polyphenols, and glycosides were conducted.

Binding Mechanism of the Active Form of Molnupiravir to RdRp of SARS-CoV-2 and Designing Potential Analogues: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Molnupiravir, an FDA-approved nucleoside prodrug for treating COVID-19, converts into N4-hydroxycytidine triphosphate (NHC-TP), which integrates into SARS-CoV-2 RNA by its RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) causing lethal mutations in viral proteins. Due to the risk of RdRp-mediated drug resistance and potential off-target effects on host polymerases (e.g.

Development of the Baby Behaviors when Satiated (BABES) behavioral coding scheme.

Current infant feeding recommendations promote responsive feeding, wherein caregivers respond to infants' cues to determine feeding pace and duration, to support infant self-regulation and healthy weight outcomes. A central tenet of responsive feeding is that infants will effectively signal hunger, receptiveness to feeding, needs to disengage from feeding, and satiation, yet there is a lack of research available to support this assumption. Rather, previous research illustrates substantial variability exists for the extent to which infants exhibit behavioral cues during feeding and that many mothers feel their infants do not clearly communicate satiation, suggesting certain caregivers need tailored support to understand their infants' needs during feeding interactions.

Cardiomyocyte Reduction of Hybrid/Complex N-Glycosylation in the Adult Causes Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction in the Absence of Cellular Remodeling.

Background: Heart failure (HF) presents a massive burden to health care with a complex pathophysiology that results in HF with reduced left ventricle ejection fraction (EF) or HF with preserved EF. It has been shown that relatively modest changes in protein glycosylation, an essential posttranslational modification, are associated with clinical presentations of HF. We and others previously showed that such aberrant protein glycosylation in animal models can lead to HF.

The neurophysiology of sensorimotor prosthetic control.

Movement is a central behavior of daily living; thus lost or compromised movement due to disease, injury, or amputation causes enormous loss of productivity and quality of life. While prosthetics have evolved enormously over the years, restoring natural sensorimotor (SM) control via a prosthesis is a difficult problem which neuroengineering has yet to solve. With a focus on upper limb prosthetics, this perspective article discusses the neurophysiology of motor control under healthy conditions and after amputation, the development of upper limb prostheses from early generations to current state-of-the art sensorimotor neuroprostheses, and how postinjury changes could complicate prosthetic control.

Cross-sectional survey of 43,517 dogs in the Dog Aging Project identifies owner-reported lifetime prevalence and characteristics of gastrointestinal disease.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of and characteristics associated with owner-reported gastrointestinal (GI) disease in companion dogs within the US.

Methods: Cross-sectional owner-reported survey study of 43,517 dogs enrolled in the DAP between December 26, 2019, and December 31, 2022. Dogs were grouped on the basis of having an owner-reported GI disorder (ORGID) versus not having that ORGID at any point in their history (control group).