IL-34 exacerbates pathogenic features of Alzheimer's disease and calvaria osteolysis in triple transgenic (3x-Tg) female mice.

Hallmark features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) include elevated accumulation of aggregated Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides, hyperphosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), and neuroinflammation. Emerging evidence indicated that interleukin-34 (IL-34) contributes to AD and inflammatory osteolysis via the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1r). In addition, CSF-1r is also activated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1 (M-CSF).

Bridged bicyclic compounds: Comprehending a novel compound class as potential anti-seizure agents.

Objective: In the present study, we describe a novel class of small-molecule synthetic compounds that ameliorate seizure-like behavior, using an electroshock assay to examine seizure duration in Caenorhabditis elegans. We also examine the hypothesis that these compounds, which we have called resveramorphs (RVMs), act by an irreversible binding mechanism.

Methods: Our electroshock assay examines seizure duration in C.

A comparative study of subjective well-being, interpersonal relationship and love forgiveness among Chinese college students before and after the COVID-19 epidemic.

During the period that COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, Chinese universities have adopted a new teaching method combining online and offline and banned students from entering and leaving campus at will in line with the epidemic prevention policy. As a result, college students' learning and life styles have been greatly changed. In order to explore how the epidemic and specific prevention policies have influenced the psychology and behavior of Chinese college students, this study used three questionnaires of college students' subjective well-being, interpersonal relationship and love forgiveness to collect the data after the epidemic and compared with the data of college students before the epidemic.

Diversity of aphantasia revealed by multiple assessments of visual imagery, multisensory imagery, and cognitive style.

Aphantasia-a condition wherein individuals have a reduced or absent construction of voluntary visual imagery-is diagnosed using either the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) or self-identification. However, a significant discrepancy exists between the proportions of aphantasia in the populations assessed using these two criteria. It is unclear why the reported proportions differ excessively and what percentage of people cannot form visual imagery.

Guardians' perceptions of caring for a dog with canine cognitive dysfunction.

Background: Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is difficult to diagnose, as its clinical signs are similar to those of other age-related conditions. The experience of caring for a senior dog with or without CCD is not well described.

Methods: Data were collected via an online survey.

Unraveling controversies over civic honesty measurement: An extended field replication in China.

Cohn et al. (2019) conducted a wallet drop experiment in 40 countries to measure "civic honesty around the globe," which has received worldwide attention but also sparked controversies over using the email response rate as the sole metric of civic honesty. Relying on the lone measurement may overlook cultural differences in behaviors that demonstrate civic honesty.

Comparison of face-based and voice-based first impressions in a Chinese sample.

People often form first impressions of others based on face and/or voice cues. This study aimed to compare the first impressions formed under these two cues. First, we compared free descriptions based on face and voice cues and found differences in the content and frequency of the personality words.

Electroencephalography Microstate Class D is a Brain Marker of Subjective Sleep Quality for College Students with High Habitual Sleep Efficiency.

Subjective sleep quality is an individual's subjective sleep feeling, and its effective evaluation is the premise of improving sleep quality. However, people with autism or mental disorders often experience difficulties in verbally expressing their subjective sleep quality. To solve the above problem, this study provides a non-verbal and convenient brain feature to assess subjective sleep quality.

Neural Mechanisms of the Conscious and Subliminal Processing of Facial Attractiveness.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the neural activity evoked by facial attractiveness in conscious and subliminal conditions. The 41 participants judged facial attractiveness in a conscious condition and a subliminal condition (backward masking paradigm). The event-related potential (ERP) analysis indicated that in the conscious condition, more attractive faces elicited a longer N1 (80-120 ms) latency than less attractive faces.

Trust game, survey trust, are they correlated? Evidence from China.

Trust Game and survey trust are the two most popular measurements in the field of trust research, but most studies conducted in developing countries have found low or even insignificant correlations between them, we therefore validated this phenomenon in the cultural context of the largest developing country, China. Within-country differences can be of the same magnitude as the between country differences, especially in a culturally diverse China. Thus, we focus on comparing the characteristics of trust in the South and North regions of China.

Death doula working practices and models of care: the views of death doula training organisations.

Background: The role of death doula has emerged in recent years, arguably as a result of overwhelming demands on carers, healthcare professionals and service providers in end-of-life care. Death doulas work independently without governing oversight and enact the role in various ways. The main driver of this evolving role is the organisations that train them.

The effect of working memory updating training on the Chinese writing ability of primary school students.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effects of working memory updating training on primary school students' writing ability and performance.

Methods: A total of 46 fourth-grade Chinese primary school students were recruited; their performance in the Chinese character N-back training task, the Writing Ability Questionnaire, and a time-limited writing task was assessed.

Results: The paired-sample -test revealed that working memory updating training significantly improved the experimental group's working memory level.

Utilization of extended temporomandibular joint replacements in patients with hemifacial microsomia.

Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) patients may benefit from extended temporomandibular joint replacements (eTMJR) to improve function and quality of life. A cross-sectional survey was sent to surgeons who place alloplastic temporomandibular joints regarding their experience with and complications encountered when placing eTMJR in patients with HFM. Fifty-nine responded to the survey.

Periodically disturbing biofilms reduces expression of quorum sensing-regulated virulence factors in .

uses quorum sensing to regulate the expression of virulence factors. In static environments, spatial structures, such as biofilms, can increase the expression of these virulence factors. However, in natural settings, biofilms are exposed to physical forces that disrupt spatial structure, which may affect the expression of virulence factors regulated by quorum sensing.

The Role of Sex in the Effect of Vocal Attractiveness on Ultimatum Game Decisions.

The present research investigated the role of sex in the effect of vocal attractiveness on fairness judgment in a two-person Ultimatum Game. Each participant in the game decided whether to accept offers from a proposer who was either associated with an attractive or unattractive voice. The results showed that while participants were more likely to accept fair offers, they would also accept some unfair offers that were associated with an attractive voice.

Effects of Voluntary Attention on Social and Non-Social Emotion Perception.

Existing studies have focused on the effect of emotion on attention, and the role of attention on emotion has largely been underestimated. To further determine the mechanisms underlying the role of attention on emotion, the present study explored the effects of voluntary attention on both social and non-social aspects of emotional perception. Participants were 25 college students who completed the Rapid Serial Visual Prime (RSVP) paradigm.

A Projectile Concussive Impact Model Produces Neuroinflammation in Both Mild and Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability and is experienced by nearly 3 million people annually as a result of falls, vehicular accidents, or from being struck by or against an object. While TBIs can range in severity, the majority of injuries are considered to be mild. However, TBI of any severity has the potential to have long-lasting neurological effects, including headaches, cognitive/memory impairments, mood dysfunction, and fatigue as a result of neural damage and neuroinflammation.

Investigation into Grief Experiences of the Bereaved During the Covid-19 Pandemic.

The objective of the current study was to investigate the grief experiences of people affected by COVID-19. The study adopted a qualitative design of descriptive phenomenology. Fifteen adults who had lost a family member during the COVID-19 pandemic were selected as the sample through the purposive sampling method until theoretical saturation was achieved.

Left-Behind Children's Positive and Negative Social Adjustment: A qualitative Study in China.

Individual interviews were conducted with a total of 66 participants from five groups between May and November 2020: left-behind children, parents, teachers, principals, and community workers. The left-behind children group included 16 primary and secondary school students aged 10-16. Themes in the interviews' data were identified based on the Grounded Theory.

Relatively Inefficient Integration of Metaphorical Semantics in Autistic Adults Without Intellectual Impairment.

Individuals diagnosed with autism are often thought to face challenges in comprehensive metaphors, even for the individuals without intellectual impairment. This study is to investigate the features and mechanisms of metaphor integration in the process of metaphor comprehension in real-time and context-free situations in autism, as well as the influence of the mental complexity of metaphor. Twenty autistic adults and twenty typically developing peers carried out a Lexical Decision Task and a Recognition Task.

Exploring how naturally occurring mentorships emerge within a Mexican cultural context.

Natural youth mentoring focuses on cross-age relationships that develop organically outside the construct of youth programs. In the United States, research has demonstrated the positive impact of these mentorships and scholars have applied natural concepts to formal mentoring schema. Little work has been done to examine how these relationships emerge and the factors that impact their development.

Trait Mindfulness and Problematic Smartphone Use in Chinese Early Adolescent: The Multiple Mediating Roles of Negative Affectivity and Fear of Missing Out.

This study used a cross-sectional study design to investigate whether the mindfulness trait was a protective factor against problematic smartphone use (PSPU) of early adolescents, and whether negative affectivity and fear of missing out (FoMO) mediated this relationship. The study selected a sample of middle school students ( = 517, 46.03% males, M = 13.

Social incentives foster cooperation through guilt aversion: An effect that diminishes with primary psychopathic traits.

The association between primary psychopathic traits and non-cooperative behaviors is well-identified. There is a lack of studies on how to motivate cooperative behaviors in individuals with primary psychopathic traits. This study investigated the effects of monetary incentives and social incentives on promoting cooperation in healthy adults with varying primary psychopathic traits.

Network analysis of internet addiction and sleep disturbance symptoms.

Background: Internet addiction (IA) is a behavioral addiction to problematic internet use. IA is associated with poorer sleep quality. Few studies to date, however, have explored the interactions between symptoms of IA and symptoms of sleep disturbance.

Analysis of Lower Extremity Motor Capacity and Foot Plantar Pressure in Overweight and Obese Elderly Women.

Background: Overweight, obesity and falls are major public health problems and old people are the biggest group suffering falls.

Methods: 92 females were divided into the overweight or obesity (O) group (68.85 ± 3.