Complete chloroplast genome sequence of (Pall.) Less. (Compositae).

(Compositae) is a perennial herbaceous plant owning high economic, feeding and medicinal values. It is widely distributed in desertification and saline alkali areas. The complete chloroplast genome was firstly reported in this study.

First report of the whole‑genome sequence analysis of Fig badnavirus 2 from China.

A novel plant virus was identified in fig trees exhibiting ring spot symptoms through high-throughput sequencing (HTS). The complete genome sequence was successfully determined using PCR and RT-PCR techniques. The virus features a circular DNA genome of 7233 nucleotides (nt) in length, encompassing four open reading frames (ORFs).

Insect Cytochrome P450 Database: An Integrated Resource of Genetic Diversity, Evolution and Function.

Insects, the most numerous and diverse group of animal species on Earth, have important interactions with humans through providing resources, transmitting diseases and damaging agricultural cultivars. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are one of the most important protein families in insects implicated in the endogenous metabolism and detoxification of xenobiotics, including allelochemicals, insecticides and environmental pollutants. To better understand the evolution and function of insect P450s and support the development and application of insecticides for pest control, an integrated bioinformatics platform is highly desirable.

Tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses is mediated by interacting CNGC proteins that regulate Ca influx and stomatal movement in rice.

Members of the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) proteins are reportedly involved in a variety of biotic and abiotic responses and stomatal movement. However, it is unknown if and how a single member could regulate multiple responses. Here we characterized three closely related CNGC genes in rice, OsCNGC14, OsCNGC15 and OsCNGC16, to determine whether they function in multiple abiotic stresses.

Assessing the lethal effects of pesticide residue exposure on beneficial parasitoids and their host, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae).

Chemical control is currently the main strategy for managing brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål). However, chemical pesticides can harm nontarget species, including natural enemies of H. halys.

Bacillus velezensis A-27 as a potential biocontrol agent against Meloidogyne incognita and effects on rhizosphere communities of celery in field.

Meloidogyne incognita, a highly destructive plant-parasitic nematode, poses a significant threat to crop production. The reliance on chemical nematicides for nematode control has been crucial; however, the banning of many effective nematicides due to their adverse effects has necessitated the exploration of alternative solutions. Rhizosphere biocontrol bacteria, particularly strains of Bacillus, have demonstrated promising results in managing plant-parasitic nematodes.

Influence of different temperatures and diets on the life cycle of invasive species .

Understanding the interactive effects of temperature and diet on insect life cycles is crucial for effective pest management. Here, the influence of different temperatures and diets on the life cycle of was investigated using the age-stage, two-sex life table analysis. The results support the hypothesis that temperature and diets (maize, apple, and artificial diet) significantly influence the entire life cycle performance of .

RNA-seq and Ribosome Profiling Reveal the Translational Landscape of Rice in Response to Rice Stripe Virus Infection.

Rice is a crucial staple food for over half the global population, and viral infections pose significant threats to rice yields. This study focuses on the Rice Stripe Virus (RSV), which is known to drastically reduce rice productivity. We employed RNA-seq and ribosome profiling to analyze the transcriptional and translational responses of RSV-infected rice seedlings.

Unlocking the Stratum Corneum Barrier to Skin Penetration for the Transdermal Delivery of Cyclovirobuxine D.

Cyclovirobuxine D, a natural compound derived from the medicinal plant Buxus sinica, demonstrates a diverse array of therapeutic benefits, encompassing anti-arrhythmic properties, blood pressure regulation, neuronal protection, and anti-ischemic activity. However, its limited solubility hinders the bioavailability of current oral and injectable formulations, causing considerable adverse reactions and toxicity. In this investigation, we embarked on an unprecedented exploration of the skin penetration potential of cyclovirobuxine D utilizing chemical penetration enhancers and niosomes as innovative strategies to enhance its dermal absorption.

Bioactive Silk Revolution: Harnessing Curcuminoid Dye and Chitosan for Superior Antimicrobial Defence and UV Shielding.

Background/objectives: The use of natural colourants is gaining attention due to their biocompatibility and functional benefits. This study introduces a different approach using turmeric ( L.) dye extract combined with chitosan to significantly enhance the antibacterial and UV-shielding properties of silk.

Genetic Transformation of L. with the Gene Confers Resistance to (Walker).

L. is a popular ornamental plant in the genus Torenia, widely used in commercial landscaping, especially during the summer. Additionally, Torenia has served as a model ornamental plant in many studies exploring ornamental characteristics and pest control through genetic engineering.

Defense-Related Enzyme Activities and Metabolomic Analysis Reveal Differentially Accumulated Metabolites and Response Pathways for Sheath Blight Resistance in Rice.

Rice sheath blight (RSB), caused by the pathogenic fungus , poses a significant threat to global food security. The defense mechanisms employed by rice against RSB are not well understood. In our study, we analyzed the interactions between rice and by comparing the phenotypic changes, ROS content, and metabolite variations in both tolerant and susceptible rice varieties during the early stages of fungal infection.

Multi Characteristic Analysis of Vascular Cambium Cells in Reveals Its Anti-Aging Strategy.

All multicellular organisms undergo senescence, but the continuous division of the vascular cambium in plants enables certain tree species to survive for hundreds or even thousands of years. Previous studies have focused on the development of the vascular cambium, but the mechanisms regulating age-related changes remain poorly understood. This study investigated age-related changes in the vascular cambium of trees aged 50 to 350 years.

Aggressiveness of f. sp. Isolates at High Temperatures: A Study Case in Core Oversummering Area of Gansu as Inoculum Source.

Wheat stripe rust, caused by a biotrophic, obligate fungus f. sp. (), is a destructive wheat fungal disease that exists worldwide and caused huge yield reductions during pandemic years.

Studying the Antifungal Effects of (Sprengel) R. King and H. Robinson (= Sprengel) as a Bio-Fumigant Plant Alone and in Combination with Biochar Against (Edson) Fitz.

spp. are soil-borne pathogens that cause damping-off and root rot diseases in many plant species such as cucumber. In the current study, the effect of dried roots-stems and leaves of (Sprengel) R.

Heat Wave Adaptations: Unraveling the Competitive Dynamics Between Invasive and Native .

Heat waves (HW) are projected to become more frequent and intense with climate change, potentially enhancing the invasiveness of certain plant species. This study aims to compare the physiological and photosynthetic responses of the invasive and its native congener under simulated heat wave conditions (40.1 °C, derived from local historical data).

Potential Regional Pollination Services of (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Migrants as Evidenced by the Identification of Attached Pollen.

Many species of noctuid moths exhibit long-distance migratory behavior and have an important pollination service function in terrestrial ecosystems. (Fabricius) is a globally distributed insect; however, its role in pollination remains underexplored. In this study, the feeding preferences and inter regional pollination of adults were explored.

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Glycosyltransferases in .

Corn leaf blight and stem rot caused by are significant diseases that severely affect corn crops. Glycosyltransferases (GTs) catalyze the transfer of sugar residues to diverse receptor molecules, participating in numerous biological processes and facilitating functions ranging from structural support to signal transduction. This study identified 101 genes through functional annotation of the TZ-3 genome.

and Affect the Growth of the Invasive Plant and Its Defense Against the Specialist Herbivore .

Exotic plants can selectively recruit beneficial microorganisms, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMFs) and spp., during their invasion process to enhance growth and competitiveness by improving nutrient absorption and strengthening defense capabilities against herbivores. However, research in the context of invasive plants remains limited.

Delayed Sowing Reduced Wilt by Altering Soil Temperature and Humidity to Enhance Beneficial Rhizosphere Bacteria of Sunflower.

Sunflower Wilt (SVW) caused by is a significant threat to sunflower production in China. This soilborne disease is difficult to control. It has been observed that delayed sowing reduces the severity of SVW on different varieties and across various locations.

Dual Roles of Heterotrophic Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria in Enhancing Compensatory Growth upon Post-Drought in Maize.

This study investigates the mechanisms driving maize compensatory growth upon post-drought, to reveal how the root's original cytokinins are regulated by the two-fold roles of heterotrophic bacteria with ammonia-oxidizing (HAOB) capabilities. The HAOB' dual roles encompass influencing root cytokinin synthesis and transport through nitrification and a direct pathway. Experiment 1 involved introducing the application of varying amounts of NO to the roots to examine how nitrification affects cytokinin roots-to-leaves transport.

Identification and Genome Sequencing of Novel Virulent Strains of pv. Causing Rice Bacterial Blight in Zhejiang, China.

pv. () is the causative agent of rice bacterial blight (RBB), resulting in substantial harvest losses and posing a challenge to maintaining a stable global supply. In this study, strains isolated from Shaoxing, Quzhou, and Taizhou, where RBB occurred most frequently in Zhejiang Province in 2019, were selected as the subjects of research.

Identification of Bioactive Compounds from the Roots of and Their In Silico and In Vitro AMPK Activation Potential.

Libosch., which belongs to the Orobanchaceae family, is a perennial herb found in China, Japan, and Korea. In traditional medicine, it is used to cool the body, improve water metabolism in the kidney, and provide protection from metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity.

Mechanisms and Impact of Rhizosphere Microbial Metabolites on Crop Health, Traits, Functional Components: A Comprehensive Review.

Current agricultural practices face numerous challenges, including declining soil fertility and heavy reliance on chemical inputs. Rhizosphere microbial metabolites have emerged as promising agents for enhancing crop health and yield in a sustainable manner. These metabolites, including phytohormones, antibiotics, and volatile organic compounds, play critical roles in promoting plant growth, boosting resistance to pathogens, and improving resilience to environmental stresses.

Antimicrobial Activity of Compounds Isolated from the Nest Material of (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Ants as social insects live in groups, which increases the risk of contagious diseases. In response to the threat of pathogens, ants have evolved a variety of defense mechanisms, including incorporating antimicrobial chemicals into nest material for nest hygiene. is an arboreal ant, building its nest using plant tissues.