Lentil protein and trehalose conjugates: Structural interactions and mechanisms for improving multi-level structure and functional characteristics.

This study aimed to improve lentil proteins' (LPs) functionality and nutritional value, specifically addressing their lower water solubility and digestibility. A unique combination of LP-disaccharide interactions was employed. Spectroscopic technologies, which include fluorescence spectra, ultraviolet spectra, and Fourier-transform infrared, investigated the structure of LPs at various concentrations of trehalose.

Evaluation of digestibility, solubility, and surface properties of trehalose-conjugated quinoa proteins prepared via pH shifting technique.

Soluble trehalose-conjugated quinoa proteins (T-QPs) were effectively prepared using the pH-shifting mechanism. The structural properties of the T-QPs were evaluated using a comparative evaluation, which included analyzing the amide I, surface charge and hydrophobicity, protein conformation, thermal stability, and protein structures. The results suggested that the development of the T-QPs was influenced mainly by no-covalent bonds.

Molecular forces driving protein complexation of lentil and whey proteins: Structure-function relationships of trehalose-conjugated protein complexes on protein digestibility and solubility.

Plant-based proteins are often associated with a range of health benefits. Most research primarily investigates pea and soy proteins, while lentil proteins received minimal attention. This study evaluates the effect of protein complexation (using the pH-shifting technique) coupled with trehalose conjugation on lentil and whey proteins.

Characterisation of the protein quality and composition of water kefir-fermented casein.

This study aimed to assess the technique of natural fermentation by applying water kefir to the casein protein. The diverse microorganisms and their enzymes found naturally in the water kefir can influence casein's characteristics. The fermented casein's protein quality (digestibility and secondary protein structure) and composition (total soluble solids and nutritive and non-nutritive substances) were investigated.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Culturally Developed Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support Program among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Iraq.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease associated with a major economic burden on persons, health care systems, and countries. Diabetes self-management education and support (DSME(S)) programs are highly effective method in the management of T2DM patients. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the cost-effectiveness of the developed culturally-specific DSME(S) program regarding glycemic control, lipid profile, and body weight for Iraqi type 2 DM patients.