Dendrimer Conjugation Enhances Tumor Penetration and Efficacy of Doxorubicin in Extracellular Matrix-Expressing 3D Lung Cancer Models.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent broadly used in the treatment of a range of solid tumors. In spite of its high potency, as is the case for many other chemotherapeutic drugs, there are many challenges associated with the use of DOX in clinical oncology. This is particularly true for DOX in the treatment of lung cancer, where potency is shown to be very high, but low lung distribution and off-target toxicity (particularly cardiotoxicity) restrict its use.

Curcumin use in ulcerative colitis: is it ready for prime time? A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Background: Curcumin, an active ingredient of the Indian herb turmeric (Curcuma longa), has shown promising anti-inflammatory properties. Studies of its potential benefits in treating patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) are limited. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of human randomized placebo controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive therapy with curcumin in treating patients with UC.

Use of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Morbidly Obese Patients.

In 2016, the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) published guidelines advising caution when using direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with morbid obesity due to limited clinical efficacy and safety data supporting their use in this patient population. In this review, we analyzed published articles in the MEDLINE database (from inception through May 29, 2019), and the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and EMBASE databases (from inception through April 26, 2019) that evaluated morbidly obese patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) or venous thromboembolism (VTE) who received DOACs. A total of 19 studies, which included pharmacokinetic studies, original phase III trials for the DOACs, post hoc analyses of phase III trials, and retrospective cohort studies, were evaluated.

Aspirin metabolites 2,3‑DHBA and 2,5‑DHBA inhibit cancer cell growth: Implications in colorectal cancer prevention.

Although compelling evidence exists on the ability of aspirin to treat colorectal cancer (CRC), and numerous theories and targets have been proposed, a consensus has not been reached regarding its mechanism of action. In this regard, a relatively unexplored area is the role played by aspirin metabolites 2,3‑dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3‑DHBA) and 2,5‑dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5‑DHBA) in its chemopreventive actions. In a previous study, we demonstrated that 2,3‑DHBA and 2,5‑DHBA inhibited CDK1 enzyme activity in vitro.

Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Bis(7-(-(2-morpholinoethyl)sulfamoyl)benzo[][1,2,5]oxadiazol-5-yl)sulfane for Nonprotein Thiol Imaging in Lysosomes in Live Cells.

Thiols are critical to cellular structures and functions. Disturbance of cellular thiols has been found to affect cell functions and cause various diseases. Intracellularly, thiols were found unevenly distributed in subcellular organelles.

Thiol-specific fluorogenic agent for live cell non-protein thiol imaging in lysosomes.

Thiol molecules play a significant role in cellular structures and functions. These molecules are distributed in cells unevenly at the subcellular level. Disturbance of cellular thiols has been associated with various diseases and disorders.

Developing an antimicrobial stewardship program across a rural health system: The Avera Health experience.

Purpose: The stages of development of a health system-wide antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) using existing personnel and technology are described.

Summary: Small hospitals with limited resources may struggle to meet ASP requirements, particularly facilities without onsite infectious disease physicians and/or experienced infectious disease pharmacists. Strategies for ASP development employed by Avera Health, a 33-hospital health system in the Midwest, included identifying relevant drug utilization and resistance patterns, education and pathway development, and implementation of Web-based conferencing to provide pharmacists throughout the system with access to infectious disease expertise on a daily basis.

Use of specific anti-Xa levels in acute kidney injury to transition patients from oral factor Xa inhibitors to i.v. heparin infusion.

Purpose: This case series presents 3 patients with acute kidney injury taking apixaban or rivaroxaban and transitioning to a heparin infusion.

Summary: Case 1 was a 78-year-old man admitted with respiratory failure, acute decompensated heart failure, and acute kidney injury. He was taking apixaban for atrial flutter.

Patients' preferences and willingness-to-pay for disease-modifying therapies.

Background: While disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for multiple sclerosis (MS) treatments are costly, patient valuation of DMTs has not been examined. The objective of this study was to examine patients' preferences and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for DMTs.

Methods: Six attributes (i.

SIRT7 mediates L1 elements transcriptional repression and their association with the nuclear lamina.

Long interspersed elements-1 (LINE-1, L1) are retrotransposons that hold the capacity of self-propagation in the genome with potential mutagenic outcomes. How somatic cells restrict L1 activity and how this process becomes dysfunctional during aging and in cancer cells is poorly understood. L1s are enriched at lamin-associated domains, heterochromatic regions of the nuclear periphery.

Cellular Uptake, Intracellular Trafficking, and Stability of Biocompatible Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Particles in Kupffer Cells.

Rapid intracellular degradation of current drug-delivery nanocarriers presents a challenge for achieving ideal controlled drug-release kinetics. Recent in vivo studies have shown that porous hybrid metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), belonging to the Materials of Institute Lavoisier (MIL) family, display prolonged biodegradation behavior. In this study, we investigated stability of these materials in Kupffer cells, a relevant target for the treatment of several life-threatening immune-mediated liver diseases.

The Flavonoid Metabolite 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzoic Acid Is a CDK Inhibitor and an Anti-Proliferative Agent: A Potential Role in Cancer Prevention.

Flavonoids have emerged as promising compounds capable of preventing colorectal cancer (CRC) due to their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is hypothesized that the metabolites of flavonoids are primarily responsible for the observed anti-cancer effects owing to the unstable nature of the parent compounds and their degradation by colonic microflora. In this study, we investigated the ability of one metabolite, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid (2,4,6-THBA) to inhibit Cyclin Dependent Kinase (CDK) activity and cancer cell proliferation.