Dual PTCH2 mutation [Ser391*, Leu104Pro]: unveiling a potential new genetic susceptibility factor for glioma development.

Gliomas are a heterogeneous type of central nervous system tumor. The etiology of glioma formation remains elusive, with approximately 5% of gliomas being familial, underscoring the significance of understanding genetic susceptibility in glioma development. In this study, a dual germline PTCH2 mutation [Ser391*, Leu104Pro] was identified in a family with a history of glioma, and sequencing data from WES/SimcereDx Neuro-Onco 360 including 910 Chinese patients with glioma and 1666 patients with solid tumors were analyzed.

Life stage impact on the human skin ecosystem: lipids and the microbial community.

Sebaceous free fatty acids are metabolized by multiple skin microbes into bioactive lipid mediators termed oxylipins. This study investigated correlations between skin oxylipins and microbes on the superficial skin of pre-pubescent children (N = 36) and adults (N = 100), including pre- (N = 25) and post-menopausal females (N = 25). Lipidomics and metagenomics revealed that Malassezia restricta positively correlated with the oxylipin 9,10-DiHOME on adult skin and negatively correlated with its precursor, 9,10-EpOME, on pre-pubescent skin.

Surgical techniques and prognostic nomogram for patients with supravalvular aortic stenosis.

Background: An effective prognostic nomogram to predict the prognosis for supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) patients is lacking.

Methods: A multi-center retrospective study of consecutive SVAS patients with surgery between 2002 and 2020 was conducted. Patients underwent McGoon repairs, Doty repairs, and other repairs.

Prevalence of depressive symptom and its associated factors among epilepsy patients in Amhara region, Ethiopia: cross-sectional study.

Background: Depressive symptom is the most common type of psychiatric co-morbidity among persons with epilepsy. Epilepsy patients are identified as at higher risk of suffering depressive symptom explicitly in low- and middle-income countries due to poor mental health care systems and financial burdens. The co-occurrence of depressive symptom among epilepsy patients deteriorates the prognosis of the disease and diminishes the quality of life of both the patients and their families.

A sensitive post-column derivatization approach for enhancing hydroxyl metabolites detection.

Background: Chemical derivatization is a common technique in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics used to improve the ionizability and chromatographic properties of metabolites in complex biological samples. This process facilitates better detection and separation of a wide array of compounds. The reagent 2-(4-boronobenzyl) isoquinolin-2-ium bromide (BBII), developed as a glucose labeling reagent for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization MS, enhances ionization for glucose and other hydroxyl metabolites.

Characterization of Quality Marker for Mume Fructus Pulp by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry-Based Untargeted Metabolomics Combined With Biological Activities.

Introduction: As a widely used Chinese herbal medicine, Mume Fructus pulp (MFP) has rich nutritional value and biological activity, but its quality control research is relatively scarce.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate the quality difference between MFPs from different origins and its adulterant apricot pulp (APP), and to identify potential quality markers.

Methods: The chemical compositions were identified by untargeted metabolomics analysis based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with feature-based molecular networking.

Use of design thinking to develop a benchmarking tool to assess documentation procedures in a hospital pharmacy aseptic compounding unit: a case study.

Objectives: This paper combines the concepts of design thinking and benchmarking in an aseptic manufacturing context. Design thinking is a problem-solving approach that aims to understand user needs, generate ideas, prototypes and test solutions. There are no published examples in the Irish healthcare setting.

Association of Sugar sweetened, Artificially Sweetened, and Unsweetened Coffee Consumption with Chronic Liver Disease and Liver Related Events: A Large Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Previous observational studies haven't reached an agreement on the association between coffee consumption and risk of liver diseases. Also, none of these studies took sweetener added in coffee into consideration.

Objective: We aim to explore the associations of consumption of sweetened and unsweetened coffee with chronic liver disease (CLD) and liver-related events (LREs), and evaluate the degree to which sweetener added counteracted the effect of coffee.

Evaluating student understanding of core pharmacokinetic concepts.

Both educators and graduates have expressed concern about a perceived pharmacology knowledge gap that includes difficulty applying fundamental principles to clinical and research problems. Consequently, we sought to determine the extent to which current students can explain the meaning of, and appropriately apply, a subset of core concepts, and to identify any misconceptions arising from the responses. Of the twenty-four pharmacology core concepts arising from the recent international collaboration, four pharmacokinetic concepts were chosen, namely drug bioavailability, drug clearance, volume of distribution, and steady-state concentration.

5β-hydroxycostic acid from Laggera alata ameliorates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury through its anti-inflammatory and anti-ferroptosis effects via NF-κB and MAPK pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The whole plant of Laggera alata is frequently utilize to remedy inflammatory diseases including nephritis as a traditional Chinese medicine. However, its active ingredients and mechanism of action against sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) are unknown.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to identify active compounds from L.

Hybrid lipid nanoparticles with tumor antigen-primed dendritic cell membranes for post-surgical tumor immunotherapy.

Post-surgical tumor recurrence poses a major challenge in cancer treatment due to residual tumor cells and surgery-induced immunosuppression. Here, we developed hybrid nanoparticles, termed T-DCNPs, designed to promote antigen-specific activation of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells while concurrently inhibiting immunosuppressive pathways within the tumor microenvironment. T-DCNPs were formulated by co-extruding lipid nanoparticles containing a transforming growth factor β inhibitor with dendritic cells that were pre-treated with autologous neoantigens derived from surgically excised tumors.

Melatonin Low-Dose for Prevention of Delirium in Critically Ill Patients: A Multi-centre, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Feasibility Trial (MELLOW).

Background: Delirium is a common and serious syndrome of acute brain dysfunction associated with negative outcomes. Melatonin may have a role in delirium prevention for critically ill adults based on data from non-critically ill patient populations. Our objective was to assess the feasibility of a multi-centre, randomized, placebo-controlled trial testing the hypothesis that low-dose melatonin prevents delirium in critically ill adults.

Association analysis of genetic polymorphisms of METTL3 with clinical outcomes in a Chinese pediatric population with primary brain tumors.

Background: Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) regulates numerous biological processes and diverse cancers.

Objective: To explore the frequency distribution of METTL3 rs1061026, rs1139130, and rs1263801 polymorphisms, and their potential impacts on clinical outcomes and chemotherapy-induced toxicities in a cohort of Chinese pediatric patients diagnosed with primary brain tumors (PBTs).

Methods: Genotyping for three investigated SNPs was performed in 107 pediatric patients with PBTs using the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform.

Reversible light-responsive protein hydrogel for on-demand cell encapsulation and release.

The design of biomaterials that can reconfigure on-demand in response to external stimuli is an emerging area in materials research. However, achieving reversible assembly of protein-based biomaterials by light input remains a major challenge. Here, we present the engineering of a new protein material that is capable of switching between liquid and solid state reversibly, controlled by lights of different wavelengths.

Structural characterization of an apple polysaccharide and its anti-inflammatory effect through suppressing TLR4/NF-κB signaling.

The current study isolated a homogeneous polysaccharide (AP) with a molecular weight of 7.9 kDa from the pomace of Fuji apples. AP was found to consists of rhamnose, galactose, arabinose, glucose, and galacturonic acid in a ratio of 4.

5-Methylcytosine-modified circRNA-CCNL2 regulates vascular remdeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension through binding to FXR2.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a malignant cardiovascular disease with a complex etiology. 5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is a post-transcriptional RNA modification identified in both stable and highly abundant RNAs, with a lower frequency of occurrence in circular RNAs (circRNAs). Nevertheless, the function of m5C-modified circRNAs in the pathogenesis of PH remains uncertain.

Platinum micromotors for mucosal penetration and colorectal cancer therapy.

The therapeutic outcomes of medications were restricted by the colonic mucosal barrier during the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Micro/nanomotors can overcome the mucus barriers to reach deep colorectal tumors. In this study, we constructed a novel microsized PLGA-Pt micromotor (MM) driven by hydrogen peroxide (HO) to enhance drug delivery to the CRC tissues and achieve effective antitumor therapy.

Sialic Acid-Modified nanomedicines modulate neutrophils for dual therapy of cancer and sepsis: Addressing neglected sepsis comorbidities during cancer treatment.

Advanced cancer patients face a high risk of sepsis due to immune suppression and infection susceptibility. To tackle this challenge, we developed an innovative animal model that simulates the clinical scenario of late-stage cancer complicated by sepsis and designed a sialic acid (SA)-modified paclitaxel (PTX) liposome (PTX-SAL). This formulation specifically targets overactivated peripheral blood neutrophils (PBNs) by binding to L-selectin on their surface.

Thermosensitive-based synergistic antibacterial effects of novel LL37@ZPF-2 loaded poloxamer hydrogel for infected skin wound healing.

Trauma healing is the process of healing after the body has been subjected to an external force and the skin and other tissues have become dissected or defective, showing the synergistic effect of various processes. Therefore, the investigation of innovative wound dressings has significant research and clinical implications. In this study, we constructed a zinc based metal-organic framework (MOF) and loaded with antimicrobial peptide LL37 to prepare LL37@ZPF-2 (ZPF = zeolite pyrimidine backbone), which was subsequently integrated with Poloxamer 407 to fabricate LL37@ZPF-2 thermosensitive hydrogel.

Effect of daphnetin, the coumarin derivative isolated from Daphne genus, on Helicobacter pylori adhesion to gastric epithelial cells.

Background: Adherence of Helicobacter pylori to the surface of the gastric mucosa is the initial and crucial step for its survival and colonization in the harsh conditions of the stomach. We had previously demonstrated that daphnetin has anti-adhesion effect.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the mechanisms of daphnetin to reduce H.

Pharmacological effects of herbal ingredients of Manasamitra vatakam in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A review.

Multi-targeted drug therapy has received substantial attention for the treatment of diseases of multi-factorial origin, including neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. It seems reasonable to argue that the complex pathology of neurodegenerative diseases (ND) cannot be reduced to a single target to modulate a broad range of cellular signaling, associated pathologies, and symptoms. It is this idea that has brought the attention of the scientific world towards phytochemicals and traditional drugs that are notoriously multi-targeted.

Artificial intelligence with wrapper multioutput regression to identify chemical contents of fresh and dried manure samples using NIR spectroscopy.

Analyzing manure nutrients such as total ammonium nitrogen (NH), dry matter (DM), calcium oxide (CaO), total nitrogen (-N), phosphorus pentoxide (PO), magnesium oxide (MgO), and potassium oxide (KO) helps in fulfilling crop nutritional needs while improving the profitability and a lower risk of pollutants. This study used two Near Infra Red (NIR) spectral datasets of fresh and dried manure. The freshly prepared NHCl, CaO, Ca(OH), PO, MgO, and KO samples were used for spectral signature peak identification and calibration.

Multifunctional porphyrinic metal-organic framework-based nanoplatform regulating reactive oxygen species achieves efficient imaging-guided cascaded nanocatalytic therapy.

The integration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) related photodynamic therapy (PDT) with the strategy of reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) has emerged as a potential approach for nanodiagnostic and therapeutic interventions. However, the therapeutic efficacy based on ROS treatments may be hindered by intracellular antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) and tumor hypoxia. To address these challenges, a nanoplatform based on GSH-responsive multifunctional porphyrinic metal-organic framework (PCN-224@Au@MnO@HA, PAMH) was proposed.

Innovative rheumatoid arthritis management using injection replacement approach via dual therapeutic effects of hyalurosomes-encapsulated luteolin and dexamethasone.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a highly prevalent debilitating condition linked to inflammation. The effectiveness of the present therapeutic techniques is constrained; so, there is an urgent requirement for a novel nanoplatform entailing drugs with proven efficacy. The current work highlighted the development of dexamethasone and luteolin co-encapsulated hyalurosomes (LUT-DEX hyalurosomes).

Endothelial Cpt1a Inhibits Neonatal Hyperoxia-Induced Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling by Repressing Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) increases the mortality of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). There are no curative therapies for this disease. Lung endothelial carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (Cpt1a), the rate-limiting enzyme of the carnitine shuttle system, is reduced in a rodent model of BPD.