Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Accessing High-Quality Home Health Care Among Older Adults With and Without Dementia.

Objectives: Home health care (HHC) plays a pivotal role in serving millions of US adults aging in place. Although the HHC population is growing rapidly in both size and diversity, driven by an aging US population and a changing demographic profile, there are increasing concerns of equity in HHC, particularly regarding how vulnerable populations are affected under current HHC practices. The purpose of this study was to examine the variations in accessing high-quality HHC in racial and ethnic minority groups and persons living with dementia.

Voluntary wheel exercise improves learning and memory impairment caused by hippocampal Hb-α deficiency by reducing microglial activation and reversing synaptic damage.

Decreased hemoglobin (Hb) levels in peripheral blood may be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hb-α is a monomeric form of Hb that exists in the central nervous system. Our previous RNA sequencing results revealed a decrease in the expression of the Hb-α gene in the hippocampus of AD model mice.

Use of automated room disinfection systems in the healthcare environment: A national survey.

Background: Automated room disinfection systems (ARDSs) have been increasingly adopted worldwide to address emerging infectious diseases and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Aim: This study aims to assess the current use of ARDSs in acute healthcare settings across South Korea.

Methods: A nationwide online survey was conducted in 150 tertiary general hospitals.

Shared decision making with older people on treatment escalation planning for acute deterioration in the emergency medical setting: a UK-based qualitative study of patient perspectives (STREAMS-P).

Background: Shared decision making (SDM) in treatment escalation planning (TEP) involves patients and clinicians determining together a contingency for future health deterioration. Patients' role in health-care decision making is subject to ongoing debate. This study aimed to understand the perspectives of older patients in the UK on SDM in TEP for the acute hospital setting.

Harnessing machine learning for predicting successful weaning from mechanical ventilation: A systematic review.

Background: Machine learning (ML) models represent advanced computational approaches with increasing application in predicting successful weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV). Whilst ML itself has a long history, its application to MV weaning outcomes has emerged more recently. In this systematic review, we assessed the effects of ML on the prediction of successful weaning outcomes amongst adult patients undergoing MV.

Optimising invitation and advance notification letters to increase bowel cancer screening participation: A qualitative analysis.

Objectives: To explore how letters distributed in population bowel cancer screening programmes could be modified to increase bowel cancer screening uptake, from the perspective of screening invitees.

Methods: Sixty-three people aged 48-74 years discussed their preferences regarding letter design and content during semi-structured interviews aided by various example letters designed to notify of, or invite participants to, the Australian National Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (NBCSP). Deductive thematic analysis, informed by the Integrated Screening Action Model (I-SAM), was used to interpret participant feedback and provide recommendations for improvements to the letters in alignment with the theoretical stages of bowel cancer screening behaviour (engaging, deciding, and completing the screening kit).

The efficacy of virtual-reality teaching and learning method in enhancing interprofessional knowledge, clinical skill performance, and self-confidence in nursing education: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of virtual reality in enhancing nursing students' knowledge, clinical skill performance, and self-confidence.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Six databases-CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science-were comprehensively searched for randomized controlled trials, published from database inception to May 3, 2024, which investigated virtual reality in nursing education.

The association between childhood maltreatment and school bullying behaviors among Chinese adolescents: A latent class analysis.

Background: Existing studies primarily examine the relationship between childhood maltreatment (CM) and bullying behaviors from an accumulative perspective. However, there is limited understanding of this relationship when adolescents experience combined forms of childhood maltreatment, particularly in the context of varying residential environments.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify latent patterns of childhood maltreatment and examine their association with bullying behaviors among Chinese adolescents.

Monitoring the effects of medications in residential aged care (nursing home) using digital health technologies: insights from the ReMInDAR and ADEPT projects.

The adoption of technology, particularly for monitoring the effects of medications in residential aged care (nursing home), has been slow. Ageing populations have led to increased demand for residential aged care globally, resulting in a growing imperative to implement technological solutions to meet the complex healthcare and medication needs of older people in residential aged care. This commentary explores the potential for and the challenges associated with implementing technological interventions within residential aged care to improve monitoring of medication effects.

Effect of spesolimab on sustained disease control in patients with generalized pustular psoriasis: Post hoc analysis of the EFFISAYIL 2 study.

Background: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an unpredictable disease course. Long-term treatment goals include sustained resolution of skin symptoms, prevention of new flares, and improvement in quality of life (QoL).

Objective: To compare the effect of the interleukin-36 receptor monoclonal antibody spesolimab 600 mg subcutaneous (SC) loading dose (LD) followed by 300 mg SC every 4 weeks (q4w) versus placebo on skin symptoms and QoL burden in patients with GPP.

Perception of simulation-based education among nursing and midwifery students in Tanzania: a qualitative study.

Background: While many nursing programs in developed countries have implemented simulation-based education as a pedagogic method of teaching, implementation of simulation in developing countries like Tanzania is rare. Traditional methods of auditorium lectures are widely conducted in low-income nursing and midwifery education institutions. Such pedagogy provides students with theoretical knowledge yet with limited hands-on exposure for clinical skills, which might affect the professional integration of students and quality care delivery.

Serial multiple mediation of perceived stress and self-control in the relationship between neuroticism and career anxiety among nursing interns in China: a cross-sectional questionnaire survey.

Background: Nursing internship play a crucial role in cultivating nursing students. However, nursing interns often face challenges of career anxiety, which can have negative impacts on their professional development and work quality. Therefore, understanding the factors influencing career anxiety among nursing interns is important.

Longitudinal Dyadic Associations Between Perceived Discrimination and Loneliness Among Midlife and Older Married Couples.

Background And Objectives: Loneliness is a public health concern facing older adults. Although marriage protects against loneliness, a significant percentage of older married persons report feeling lonely. Perceived discrimination is associated with adverse physical and psychological outcomes across the life course among individuals, including loneliness.

The impact of hearing ability on depression among retired middle-aged and elderly individuals in China: the chain mediating role of self-rated health and life satisfaction.

Background: The present study explored the relationship between hearing ability, self-rated health, life satisfaction, and depression among retired middle-aged and older adults in China.

Methods: The research was based on data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). By applying linear regression models, we delved into the key factors influencing depression in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Revelation of the mediation role of moral sensitivity on safety attitude and personality traits among critical care nurses.

Background: Critical care nurses face complex ethical dilemmas and high-pressure situations that require quick ethical decision-making. Personality traits have been recognized as influencing individuals' ethical decision-making processes and attitudes toward safety in healthcare. Moral sensitivity helps nurses recognize ethical issues and respond appropriately to these challenges.

Determinants of implementation of continuous glucose monitoring for patients with Insulin-Treated type 2 diabetes: a national survey of primary care providers.

Objectives: To identify determinants of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) implementation from primary care providers' (PCPs') perspectives and examine the associations of these determinants with both PCP intent to discuss CGM with eligible patients and facility-level uptake of CGM.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods: A survey about CGM implementation for patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin was distributed to all PCPs in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health system from October 2023-April 2024.

Can large language models assist with pediatric dosing accuracy?

Background And Objective: Medication errors in pediatric care remain a significant healthcare challenge despite technological advancements, necessitating innovative approaches. This study aims to evaluate Large Language Models' (LLMs) potential in reducing pediatric medication dosage calculation errors compared to experienced nurses.

Methods: This cross-sectional study (June-August 2024) involved 101 nurses from pediatric and neonatal departments and three LLMs (ChatGPT-4o, Claude-3.

Understanding adherence to guideline-recommended therapy in patients with peripheral artery disease: A qualitative study.

Objectives: Adherence to peripheral arterial disease (PAD) treatment remains low, despite its benefit for secondary disease prevention. Currently, there is no qualitative research exploring why this is the case. This study aimed to explore patients' lived experiences of PAD and its treatment, their motivation to adherence and barriers to non-adherence.

Promoting substance use stigma resistance through an automated text message intervention (project RESTART): Outcomes of a pilot feasibility trial.

Background: Stigma in people who use drugs predicts treatment engagement, psychosocial health, and overdose, yet there are few evidence-based interventions to support people who use drugs in managing and coping with substance-related stigma and even fewer for people in active use. mHealth is one option to engage this hard-to-reach population.

Methods: Premised on the theory of stigma resistance, this mixed-methods study explored the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of Project RESTART, a four-week, automated text message intervention for rural-dwelling people who use drugs (n = 30) using a one-group pre-post design.

Consumer engagement in the design of educational nutrition information for older adults and their caregivers: A scoping review.

Background: Consumer engagement is important to design high-quality educational nutrition information that holistically addresses consumers' needs. This can occur through consultation and feedback mechanisms like surveys or focus groups, consumer expert panels or advisory boards to provide the consumers' perspective, or through participatory research methods. The extent of consumer engagement also varies with differing levels of influence over the decision-making process.

The future midwifery workforce: A survey of the education experiences of midwifery students in Australia.

Aim: To understand students' views on and experiences of their pre-registration midwifery education in Australia, including continuity of care experiences and clinical practice placements and their preferences for future employment.

Background: Increasing the number of midwifery student enrolments and improving student experience are suggested solutions to shortages in the Australian midwifery workforce.

Design: An anonymous online survey.

Climate change perceptions and behaviors among Korean nurses: The role of organizational initiatives.

Background: Climate change poses significant risks to global health, requiring engagement from healthcare professionals, including nurses.

Purpose: To assess Korean nurses' climate change-related perceptions and behaviors, and examine their associations with organizational climate change initiatives.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from March to April 2024, involving 1,022 Korean nurses.