Pymetrozine induced remarkable hemato-biochemical modifications and genotoxicity in vital organs of bighead carp ().

Pymetrozine (a pyridine azomethine pesticide) is one of the most commonly and frequently used insecticides. Scanty information is available about the deleterious effects of Pymetrozine on fish especially bighead carp. Hence, the current study investigated chronic toxicological effects of pymetrozine in bighead carp.

Preparation of Cello-Oligosaccharides by Precise-Controlled Enzymatic Depolymerization and Its Amphiphilic Functionalization for High-Oil Load Emulsification.

Cello-oligosaccharides (COS) are gaining great attention for their prebiotic-like properties, e.g., boosting gut health by promoting beneficial bacteria and improving digestion.

Anti-inflammatory, anti-colitis, and antioxidant effects of columbianadin against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via alteration of HO-1/Nrf2 and TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a significant inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that typically arises from chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract. Report suggest that anti-inflammatory drug plays a crucial role in the protection of UC. The recent study demonstrated that columbianadin has a protective effect against UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in rats through the modulation of HO-1/Nrf2 and TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathways.

Preparation of porous carbon derived from a lignin-based polymer through ZnCl activation for effective capture of iodine.

Lignin-based porous carbon, a derivative of lignin, is acknowledged for its cost-effectiveness, stability, and environmental sustainability. It exhibits significant adsorption capacity for the removal of heavy metals and in wastewater treatment, rendering it a highly esteemed adsorbent material. However, the potential of lignin-derived porous carbon for the capture of iodine in environmental contexts has yet to be thoroughly investigated.

eIF2α Phosphorylation-ATF4 Axis-Mediated Transcriptional Reprogramming Mitigates Mitochondrial Impairment During ER Stress.

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) phosphorylation, which regulates all three unfolded protein response pathways, helps maintain cellular homeostasis and overcome endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through transcriptional and translational reprogramming. However, transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis by eIF2α phosphorylation during ER stress is not fully understood. Here, we report that the eIF2α phosphorylation-activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) axis is required for expression of multiple transcription factors (TFs) including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and their target genes responsible for mitochondrial homeostasis during ER stress.

Nuclear receptor PPARγ targets GPNMB to promote oligodendrocyte development and remyelination.

Myelin injury occurs in brain ageing and in several neurological diseases. Failure of spontaneous remyelination is attributable to insufficient differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in CNS demyelinated lesions. Emerging evidence suggests that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is the master gatekeeper of CNS injury and repair and plays an important regulatory role in various neurodegenerative diseases.

Differential regulatory effects of the N-terminal region in SYK-fusion kinases reveal unique activation-inducible nuclear translocation of ITK-SYK.

ITK-SYK and TEL-SYK (also known as ETV6-SYK) are human tumor-causing chimeric proteins containing the kinase region of SYK, and the membrane-targeting, N-terminal, PH-TH domain-doublet of ITK or the dimerizing SAM-PNT domain of TEL, respectively. ITK-SYK causes peripheral T cell lymphoma, while TEL-SYK was reported in myelodysplastic syndrome. BTK is a kinase highly related to ITK and to further delineate the role of the N-terminus, we generated the corresponding fusion-kinase BTK-SYK.

Electroacupuncture attenuates ferroptosis by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation and activating Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway in ischemic stroke.

Objective: Electroacupuncture has been shown to play a neuroprotective role following ischemic stroke, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Ferroptosis has been shown to play a key role in the injury process. In the present study, we wanted to explore whether electroacupuncture could inhibit ferroptosis by promoting nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation.

Cell-free hemoglobin released from hemolysis induces programmed cell death through iron overload and oxidative stress in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

Intravascular hemolysis releases hemoglobin (Hb) from red blood cells under specific conditions, yet the effect of hemolysis in aquaculture systems remain poorly understood. In this study, a continuous hemolysis model for grass carp was established by injection of phenylhydrazine (PHZ) to investigate the mechanistic impacts of sustained hemolysis. PHZ-induced hemolysis altered liver color, and subsequent hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed substantial Hb accumulation in the head kidney, accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration and vacuolization in liver tissue.

Eco-friendly synthesis of CuO/g-C₃N₄/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites for efficient magnetic micro-solid phase extraction (M-μ-SPE) of trace cadmium from food and water samples.

In this study, a green synthesis method for synthesizing a novel nanocomposite (CuO/g-C₃N₄/Fe₃O₄) utilizing renewable dragon fruit peels as the primary raw material was developed. Hydrothermal and thermal decomposition techniques were used for nanocomposite synthesis. This nanocomposite was subsequently employed for the separation and preconcentration of Cd(II) from various environments, including food and water samples.

Evaluation of the low energy cyclotron production of the gamma emitters Cd and Cd.

Cd (T = 6.5 h) and Cd (T = 461.9 d) are promising non-standard gamma-emitting radionuclides with significant potential for SPECT use.

Structural design and evolution of one-dimensional Cu hydrogen-bonded organic framework for catalyzing the rapid decomposition of ammonium perchlorate.

Enhancing the decomposition rate of ammonium perchlorate (AP), the most common oxidizer in solid propellants, is important for improving propellant performance. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been developed as key materials for catalyzing AP decomposition, as they can achieve good dispersion of active sites through in-situ decomposition. Despite having considerable potential, the structural transformation process and catalytic performance of MOFs in AP decomposition are still unclear, which seriously hinders their application in the field of AP decomposition.

Mapping the knowledge landscape of the PET/MR domain: a multidimensional bibliometric analysis.

Objective: This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to explore research trends, collaboration patterns, and emerging themes in the PET/MR field based on published literature from 2010 to 2024.

Methods: A detailed literature search was performed using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database with keywords related to PET/MR. A total of 4,349 publications were retrieved and analyzed using various bibliometric tools, including VOSviewer and CiteSpace.

Secupyritines A-C, Three Natural Propellane Securinega Alkaloids: Structure Elucidation and Total Synthesis Based on Biogenetic Building Blocks.

Secupyritines A-C are unique polycyclic Securinega alkaloids isolated from medicinal plant Flueggea suffruticosa. They feature a distinctive 6/6/6/5/6 fused pentacyclic ring system with a highly strained 2-oxa-6-aza[4.4.

Altered 3D genome reorganization mediates precocious myeloid differentiation of aged hematopoietic stem cells in inflammation.

Inflammation is a driving force of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) aging, causing irreversible exhaustion of functional HSCs. However, the underlying mechanism of HSCs erosion by inflammatory insult remains poorly understood. Here, we find that transient LPS exposure primes aged HSCs to undergo accelerated differentiation at the expense of self-renewal, leading to depletion of HSCs.

NUFIP1 integrates amino acid sensing and DNA damage response to maintain the intestinal homeostasis.

Nutrient availability strongly affects intestinal homeostasis. Here, we report that low-protein (LP) diets decrease amino acids levels, impair the DNA damage response (DDR), cause DNA damage and exacerbate inflammation in intestinal tissues of male mice with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Intriguingly, loss of nuclear fragile X mental retardation-interacting protein 1 (NUFIP1) contributes to the amino acid deficiency-induced impairment of the DDR in vivo and in vitro and induces necroptosis-related spontaneous enteritis.

Effects of cold-pressed wheat germ oil and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, digestibility, immune status, intestinal microbial enumeration, and gene expression of broilers under heat stress.

This study evaluated the effect of wheat germ oil (WGO), Bacillus subtilis, and their combination on growth performance, immune response, nutrient digestibility, intestinal microbial, oxidative status, and gene expression in heat-stressed broilers. Four hundred one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were distributed into five pens (20 birds/pen) in four experimental groups: a control (CON) without additives, WGO group fed diet with WGO at 200 mg.kg, BS group fed diet with B.

Quantum Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes in Lattice Gauge Theories.

A key objective in nuclear and high-energy physics is to describe nonequilibrium dynamics of matter, e.g., in the early Universe and in particle colliders, starting from the standard model of particle physics.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

R(3780) Resonance Interpreted as the 1^{3}D_{1}-Wave Dominant State of Charmonium from Precise Measurements of the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→Hadrons.

We report the precise measurements of the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV.

LGR4 promotes proliferation and homing via activation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation in the bone marrow (BM). Previously, it was reported that G‑protein‑coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) contributed to early hematopoiesis and was associated with poor prognosis in patients with MM. However, the mechanism of cell homing and migration, which is critical for MM progression, remains unclear.

Aquaporin‑1 regulates microglial polarization and inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury.

The present study investigated the mechanisms by which aquaporin 1 (AQP1) influences microglial polarization and neuroinflammatory processes in traumatic brain injury (TBI). A model of TBI was generated in AQP1‑knockout mice to assess the impact of AQP1 deletion on inflammatory cytokine release, neuronal damage and cognitive function. Immunofluorescence, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blotting and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay were employed to evaluate pro‑inflammatory and anti‑inflammatory markers.

Characterization and Analytical Method Validation for Potential Impurities of a Merchantability Drug Substance Fluoxetine HCl.

A new selective and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the quantification of potential impurities in fluoxetine hydrochloride. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an end-capped octadecylsilyl silica gel (Gemini-C18 150 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.