In silico Molecular Docking Approach to Identify Potential Antihypertensive Compounds from Buch.-Ham. Ex D. Don (Armagusa).

Background: (Armagusa) is used as a decoction to treat high blood pressure and diabetes, widely in Ethiopia. Specific compounds for anti-hypertension activity were not identified so far. This study aims to provide a scientific basis for the therapeutic use of as an antihypertension agent.

Comparing the oxidative functions of neutrophil myeloperoxidase and cytochrome P450 enzymes in drug metabolism.

Drug metabolism is an essential process that chemically alters xenobiotic substrates to activate or terminate drug activity. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a neutrophil-derived haem-containing enzyme that is involved in killing invading pathogens, although consequentially, this same oxidative activity can produce metabolites that damage host tissue and play a role in various human pathologies. Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are a superfamily of haem-containing enzymes that are significantly involved in the metabolism of drugs by functioning as monooxygenases and can be induced or inhibited, resulting in significant drug-drug interactions that lead to unanticipated adverse drug reactions.

Identification of yam mosaic virus as the main cause of yam mosaic diseases in Ethiopia.

Yam ( spp.) is a staple food crop with cultural, nutritional and economic significance for millions of small-scale farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. While various virus-like symptoms such as mosaic and chlorosis are frequently observed in yam fields in Ethiopia, little information is available on the prevalence, distribution, and molecular characteristics of viruses causing these symptoms.

Individual Survival Distributions Generated by Multi-Task Logistic Regression Yield a New Perspective on Molecular and Clinical Prognostic Factors in Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

Recent advances in our understanding of gastric cancer biology have prompted a shift towards more personalized therapy. However, results are based on population-based survival analyses, which evaluate the average survival effects of entire treatment groups or single prognostic variables. This study uses a personalized survival modelling approach called individual survival distributions (ISDs) with the multi-task logistic regression (MTLR) model to provide novel insight into personalized survival in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Haplotype phasing of CYP2D6: an allelic ratio method using Agena MassARRAY data.

Pharmacogenomics aims to use the genetic information of an individual to personalize drug prescribing. There is evidence that pharmacogenomic testing before prescription may prevent adverse drug reactions, increase efficacy, and reduce cost of treatment. CYP2D6 is a key pharmacogene of relevance to multiple therapeutic areas.

Social determinants of health literacy among parents and caregivers in the US-Affiliated Pacific.

Health literacy is understudied in the US-Affiliated Pacific (USAP), where local populations have historically experienced social marginalization and disproportionate health inequities caused by the social determinants of health (SDOH). This cross-sectional study analyzed several SDOH indicators-acculturation, use of food assistance programs and demographic characteristics (race and ethnicity, household income, primary language spoken at home and educational attainment)-and their relationship to health literacy among 1305 parents/caregivers of young children ages 2-8 years old who participated in the Children's Healthy Living (CHL) program in Alaska, American Samoa, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Guam, and Hawai'i. Significantly increased odds of low health literacy were found among parents/caregivers with households where a language other than English was the primary language compared to English-only households (OR = 1.

Development of functional cookies form wheat-pumpkin seed based composite flour.

To develop high quality cookies, even seemingly smallest changes depended on factors that can affect taste, texture, and nutritional value. In this light, this study aimed to investigate the upshot of refined wheat flour and pumpkin seed flour on properties of cookies such as antioxidant activity, thermal and oxidative stability. In view of the foregoing, the roasted pumpkin seeds of particle size below 500 μm were blended with wheat flour at different ratios (BR) to bake at selected pre-determined temperatures (T) and time durations (TD).

Traders' behavioural practices and hygienic status of vegetable and meat processing surfaces in open markets in Benin city, Nigeria.

This study investigates the hygiene status, behavioral practices, and handling of cutting boards for meat and vegetable processing in selected open markets in Benin City. Utilizing a structured questionnaire and laboratory analysis for Escherichia coli and Aeromonas, the research found prevalent Escherichia coli in all samples, with varying concentrations of Aeromonas, more pronounced in vegetable processing areas. Analysis of the questionnaire revealed that 30% of traders leave cutting boards uncovered, 88% clean them before use (52% with water and detergent), and 12% dust boards before use.

An intriguing vision for transatlantic collaborative health data use and artificial intelligence development.

Our traditional approach to diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, can no longer process and transform the enormous volume of information into therapeutic success, innovative discovery, and health economic performance. Precision health, i.e.

Role of chromium reductases, antioxidants, and biosorption against oxidative damage of metals by Bacillus cereus.

Current research was performed to look for the performance of Bacillus cereus PY3 for metal detoxification. Strain PY3 was recognized as B. cereus using 16 S rRNA.

Effect of tin concentrations on the elemental and optical properties of zinc oxide thin films.

Pure zinc oxide and Sn-doped ZnO thin films were deposited on a pre-heated glass substrate from tin (II) chloride dihydrate (SnCl.2HO) and zinc acetate (Zn(CHCOO)) precursors using spray pyrolysis technique. The doped films were achieved by adding various quantities of (SnCl.

Integration of onchocerciasis morbidity management and disability prevention services in the healthcare system in Tanzania: a call for action and recommendations.

Onchocerciasis is among the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) responsible for dermatological, ophthalmological, and neurological manifestations. With the ongoing burden of onchocerciasis clinical manifestations, morbidity management, and disability prevention services are required to alleviate the suffering of the affected populations. Unfortunately, despite the ongoing transmission of onchocerciasis, morbidity management, and disability prevention services are limited in Tanzania.

DNA barcoding and delimitation of critically endangered indigenous and introduced tilapias (pisces cichlidae) of Pangani catchment, Northern Tanzania.

The Pangani catchment of Northern Tanzania harbours the critically endangered endemic tilapias of the genus . The introduction of non-native congenerics and consequent hybridization complicates taxa identification and phylogeny based on morphological systematics. We therefore morphologically and molecularly identified these tilapias and delimited their Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) based on Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (CO1) gene for future management and conservation.

Immune boosting and ameliorative properties of aqueous extract of Delile against MSG-induced genotoxicity: An and approach.

(VA) is popularly consumed as food and as medicine due to its nutritional and bioactive constituents. This study assessed the -genotoxic effect of aqueous leaf extract of VA against monosodium (MSG) -induced genotoxicity. Crude extraction and phytochemical analysis were done using standard methods.

Rapid environmental flow assessment for sustainable water resource management in Tanzania's Lower Rufiji River Basin: A scoping review.

The use of Environmental flow (e-Flow) assessment is a widely adopted approach to facilitate informed decision-making concerning sustainable management and utilization of water resources in river systems. The Lower Rufiji River Basin faces various developmental pressures from several sectors, including hydropower, mining, agriculture, livestock, fishing, and tourism, necessitating effective management of the sub-catchment area to prevent significant environmental impacts. Consequently, it is essential to acquire a comprehensive comprehension of the catchment's attributes, encompassing both climatic and non-climatic factors.

A Review of the Resistance Mechanisms for -Lactams, Macrolides and Fluoroquinolones among .

is a bacterial species often associated with the occurrence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). CAP refers to a specific kind of pneumonia that occurs in individuals who acquire the infection outside of a healthcare setting. It represents the leading cause of both death and morbidity on a global scale.

Toxicological assessment of sodium benzoate in Drosophila melanogaster.

Sodium benzoate (SB), the sodium salt of benzoic acid, is a food preservative with wide applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries due to its ability to kill many microorganisms effectively. Experimental evidence however suggests that excessive intake of SB poses detrimental health risks among consumers in the population. The present study investigated the toxic effects of various concentrations of SB using Drosophila melanogaster as a model.

Finnish diabetes risk score outperformed triglyceride-glucose index in diabetes risk prediction.

Purpose: Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index is a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. This study compared the performance of TyG index and the Finnish diabetes risk score (FINDRISC) in diabetes risk prediction.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 122 young adults (aged 15-35 years) in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria.

Attenuating effects of fractions on glycemo-impaired-associated dyslipidemia, hepatopathy, and nephropathy.

Objectives: The use of medicinal plants for diabetes treatment is increasing owing to their effectiveness and safety compared to synthetic drugs. Thus, the ameliorative effects of (F. Hoffm.

Robotics in Nursing: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Background: Globally, health care systems are challenged with the shortage of health care professionals, particularly nurses. The decline in the nursing workforce is primarily attributed to an aging population, increased demand for health care services, and a shortage of qualified nurses. Stressful working conditions have also increased the physical and emotional demands and perceptions of burnout, leading to attrition among nurses.

A Systematic Review of Phytochemistry, Nutritional Composition, and Pharmacologic Application of Species of the Genus in Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs).

L. is the largest genus of the Violaceae family with more than 500 species across the globe. The present extensive literature survey revealed species to be a group of important nutritional and medicinal plants used for the ethnomedicinal treatment of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, asthma, lung diseases, and fatigue.

Status of occupational health and safety in the informal sectors in Tanzania: the case of stone quarrying and soil brickmaking.

. The informal economy in Tanzania, as in many other developing countries, presents numerous workplace safety issues. This study was conducted in stone quarrying (SQ) and soil brickmaking (SBM) sites to assess workers' awareness and perceptions of safety practices, identify common workplace risks and hazards, and evaluate challenges hindering the implementation of workplace safety culture.

Polymer-based nanocomposite adsorbents for resource recovery from wastewater.

Developing mitigation mechanisms for eutrophication caused by the uncontrolled release of nutrients is in the interest of the scientific community. Adsorption, being operationally simple and economical with no significant secondary pollution, has proven to be a feasible technology for resource recovery. However, the utility of adsorption often lies in the availability of effective adsorbents.

A review on current diagnostic tools and potential optical absorption spectroscopy for HFMD detection.

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is an outbreak infectious disease that can easily spread among children under the age of five. The most common causative agents of HFMD are enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), but infection caused by EV71 is more associated with fatalities due to severe neurological disorders. The present diagnosis methods rely on physical examinations by the doctors and further confirmation by laboratories detection methods such as viral culture and polymerase chain reaction.

Prevalence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis B Population within Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 39,050 Participants.

Background And Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant complication of hepatitis B and still poses a global public health concern. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide adequate details on the prevalence of HCC in the HBV population within Southeast Asian countries.

Method: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) criteria, a thorough search for literature discussing the prevalence of HCC in the HBV population within southeast Asia was performed.