MLL1 histone methyltransferase and UTX histone demethylase functionally cooperate to regulate the expression of NRF2 in response to ROS-induced oxidative stress.

The transcription factor NRF2 plays a pivotal role in maintaining redox and metabolic homeostasis by orchestrating oxidative stress-dependent transcription programs. Despite growing evidence implicating various cellular components in the regulation of NRF2 activity at the posttranslational stage, relatively less is known about the factors dictating the transcriptional activation of NRF2 in response to oxidative stress. In this study, we report the crucial roles of MLL1, an H3K4-specific methyltransferase, and UTX, an H3K27-specific histone demethylase, in the NRF2-dependent transcription program under oxidative stress.

Evaluation of clinical profiles, surgical experience and outcomes of ileosigmoid knotting in low-resource setup: A retrospective cohort study at Jimma University Medical Center.

Background: Bowel obstruction is a mechanical or functional blockade of intestinal contents from evacuation to the adjacent distal bowel or external environment. It poses significant morbidity and mortality in both high-income and low-to-middle-income countries. Ileosigmoid knotting is a special form of obstruction where the small bowel often ileum wraps around the sigmoid colon or vice versa.

S-nitrosylation-triggered unfolded protein response maintains hematopoietic progenitors in Drosophila.

The Drosophila lymph gland houses blood progenitors that give rise to myeloid-like blood cells. Initially, blood progenitors proliferate, but later, they become quiescent to maintain multipotency before differentiation. Despite the identification of various factors involved in multipotency maintenance, the cellular mechanism controlling blood progenitor quiescence remains elusive.

Differences in patient-reported and clinical characteristics by age group in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The global burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is growing, and the age of onset is widening, resulting in increasing numbers of young adults and elderly patients with T2D. Age-specific diabetes care needs have yet to be fully explored.

Aims: This study examined (1) differences in patient-reported and clinical characteristics by age group and (2) the effect of age on two proxy measures assessing psychological health and self-care adherence after adjusting for potential mediators.

Enhanced delivery of doxorubicin for breast cancer treatment using pH-sensitive starch/PVA/g-CN hydrogel.

This study introduces a starch/PVA/g-CN nanocarrier hydrogel for pH-sensitive DOX delivery in breast cancer. DOX was loaded into the nanocarrier with 44.75 % loading efficiency and 88 % Entrapment Efficiency.

Simultaneous Realization of Multilayer Interphases on a Ni-Rich NCM Cathode and a SiO Anode by the Combination of Vinylene Carbonate with Lithium Difluoro(oxalato)borate.

Ni-rich NCM and SiO electrode materials have garnered the most attention for advanced lithium-ion batteries (LIBs); however, severe parasitic reactions occurring at their interfaces are critical bottlenecks in their widespread application. In this study, an effective additive combination (VL) composed of vinylene carbonate (VC) and lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) is proposed for both Ni-rich NCM and SiO electrode materials. The LiDFOB additive individually delivers inorganic-rich cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) and solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers in anodic and cathodic polarizations before the VC additive.

Overview of the Alaskan Layered Pollution and Chemical Analysis (ALPACA) Field Experiment.

The Alaskan Layered Pollution And Chemical Analysis (ALPACA) field experiment was a collaborative study designed to improve understanding of pollution sources and chemical processes during winter (cold climate and low-photochemical activity), to investigate indoor pollution, and to study dispersion of pollution as affected by frequent temperature inversions. A number of the research goals were motivated by questions raised by residents of Fairbanks, Alaska, where the study was held. This paper describes the measurement strategies and the conditions encountered during the January and February 2022 field experiment, and reports early examples of how the measurements addressed research goals, particularly those of interest to the residents.

Effects of short-term exercise and endurance training on skeletal muscle mitochondria damage induced by particular matter, atmospherically relevant artificial PM2.5.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the potential of short-term aerobic exercise to mitigate skeletal muscle mitochondrial damage following ambient PM2.5 exposure, and how 12 weeks of endurance training can enhance aerobic fitness to protect against such damage.

Methods: Twenty-four male C57BL/6 J mice were split into sedentary (SED,  = 12) and endurance training (ETR,  = 12) groups.

Evaluating injuries and illnesses that occurred during the Yukon Quest International sled dog race, 2018-2020.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate medical record data from the 2018-2020 Yukon Quest International Sled Dog race to examine injury patterns and risk factors for dogs competing in multi-day ultra-endurance events. Specifically, we summarized injuries and illnesses that resulted in canine athletes being removed ("dropped") from competition, and in orthopedic injuries diagnosed in both dropped and finished dogs.

Methods: The records of 989 dogs that started the race were examined, but only records from dogs in teams that went on to finish the race were included, for a total of 711 records.

Inhibition of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 and liver-related complications in individuals with diabetes: a Mendelian randomization and population-based cohort study.

Background And Aims: No medication has been found to reduce liver-related events. We evaluated the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) on liver-related outcomes.

Approach And Results: Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with SGLT2 inhibition were identified, and a genetic risk score (GRS) was computed using the UK Biobank data (n=337,138).

How calorie restriction slows aging: an epigenetic perspective.

Genomic instability and epigenetic alterations are some of the prominent factors affecting aging. Age-related heterochromatin loss and decreased whole-genome DNA methylation are associated with abnormal gene expression, leading to diseases and genomic instability. Modulation of these epigenetic changes is crucial for preserving genomic integrity and controlling cellular identity is important for slowing the aging process.

Effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and both sides up ball exercise on pain level, range of motion, muscle function after total knee arthroplasty.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease caused tearing and progressive wear of articular cartilage, and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is recommended to patients with OA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and both sides up ball (BOSU) exercises on pain, range of motion (ROM), and muscle function in patients following TKA. Ten participants who have limitation of the knee joint from TKA were divided into two groups: the continuous passive motion (CPM)+PNF exercise group (n=5) and the CPM+BOUS exercise group (n=5).

IL-27-induced PD-L1Sca-1 innate lymphoid cells suppress contact hypersensitivity in an IL-10-dependent manner.

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play an important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and various inflammatory responses. ILCs are typically classified into three subsets, as is the case for T-cells. Recent studies have reported that IL-10-producing type 2 ILCs (ILC2s) have an immunoregulatory function dependent on IL-10.

FoxO6-Mediated TXNIP Induces Lipid Accumulation in the Liver through NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.

Backgruound: Hepatic steatosis, which involves the excessive accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes, presents a significant global health concern due to its association with obesity and metabolic disorders. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the progression of hepatic steatosis; however, the precise molecular mechanisms responsible for this process remain unknown.

Methods: This study investigated the involvement of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and the forkhead box O6 (FoxO6) transcription factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis.

Comparison of Adverse Events Between PARP Inhibitors in Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Nationwide Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Despite improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) as maintenance treatment for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), a comparative analysis of clinical events of interest (CEIs) of different PARPi is scarce.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the safety of different PARPi in patients with EOC.

Patients And Methods: Through analyzing the Korean National Health Insurance Service from January 2009 to January 2022, this study involved BRCA-mutated, platinum-sensitive patients with EOC treated with olaparib (tablet), niraparib, and olaparib (capsule) as first-line or second-line maintenance treatment.

Microbiome structure variation and soybean's defense responses during flooding stress and elevated CO.

Introduction: With current trends in global climate change, both flooding episodes and higher levels of CO have been key factors to impact plant growth and stress tolerance. Very little is known about how both factors can influence the microbiome diversity and function, especially in tolerant soybean cultivars. This work aims to (i) elucidate the impact of flooding stress and increased levels of CO on the plant defenses and (ii) understand the microbiome diversity during flooding stress and elevated CO (eCO).

-Biomediated Synthesis of a Magnetic FeO/NiO Nanoadsorbent for Adsorption of Lead from Wastewater.

Magnetic nanocomposite adsorbents are cost-effective, environmentally friendly, easy to use, and highly efficient at removing metals from large volumes of wastewater in a short time by using an external magnetic field. In this study, an FeO/NiO composite nanoadsorbent was prepared by varying the mass percent ratios of NiO (50, 40, 30, 20%), which are denoted FeO/50%NiO, FeO/40%NiO, FeO/30%NiO, and FeO/20%NiO, respectively, using plant extract as the template/capping agent and a simple mechanical grinding technique. The nanocomposites were characterized using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption, and ζ-potential measurements.

Impact of Different Adulterants on Honey Quality Properties and Evaluating Different Analytical Approaches for Adulteration Detection.

The study was carried out keeping in view the recently emerging concern of adulteration of natural honey on the honey markets. This study intended to investigate honey adulteration detection using physical and chemical composition to achieve a foreign component (a marker) that is present in the honey that confirms either the adulteration or authenticity of the honey. The technique was evaluated on honey samples that were 5-50% adulterated with various common adulterants in Ethiopia.

Machine Learning and Deep Learning Applications in Magnetic Particle Imaging.

In recent years, magnetic particle imaging (MPI) has emerged as a promising imaging technique depicting high sensitivity and spatial resolution. It originated in the early 2000s where it proposed a new approach to challenge the low spatial resolution achieved by using relaxometry in order to measure the magnetic fields. MPI presents 2D and 3D images with high temporal resolution, non-ionizing radiation, and optimal visual contrast due to its lack of background tissue signal.

Hand Washing Practice and Food Insecurity are Associated With Undernutrition of Breastfeeding Mothers in Rural Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Breastfeeding mothers are prone to undernutrition. However, factors contributing to maternal undernutrition are not exhaustively understood. Hence, this study aimed to determine prevalence of undernutrition among breastfeeding mothers and identify associated factors.

Gender-based violence and associated factors among female sex workers in Ethiopia. Evidence from The National Bio-behavioral Survey, 2020.

Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) is usually defined as unequal power relations between men and women, which poses a widespread public health problem. The study evaluated the prevalence and factors associated with GBV among female sex workers (FSWs) in Ethiopia.

Method: We used cross-sectional bio-behavioral data collected using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in 2020 from 16 towns in Ethiopia.

Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Polycyclic Benzosultams from 2-Amino-β-nitrostyrenes with Cyclic -Sulfonyl Ketimines.

A highly efficient enantioselective [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 2-amino-β-nitrostyrenes with cyclic -sulfonyl ketimines has been developed. This reaction utilizes an organocatalytic approach, employing a multiple-hydrogen-bonding bifunctional squaramide-based catalyst. The process allows for the precise synthesis of chiral polycyclic benzosultams, showcasing intricate structures that incorporate chiral quaternary centers.

Activation of zinc uptake regulator by zinc binding to three regulatory sites.

Zur is a Fur-family metalloregulator that is widely used to control zinc homeostasis in bacteria. In Streptomyces coelicolor, Zur (ScZur) acts as both a repressor for zinc uptake (znuA) gene and an activator for zinc exporter (zitB) gene. Previous structural studies revealed three zinc ions specifically bound per ScZur monomer; a structural one to allow dimeric architecture and two regulatory ones for DNA-binding activity.

Comparison of the Antioxidant and Sensorial Properties of Kvass Produced from Mountain Rye Bread with the Addition of Selected Plant Raw Materials.

Consumers' growing awareness of healthy nutrition results in an increase in demand for the production of beverages with health-promoting properties. An example of such a product is kvass produced in the fermentation process. This research aimed to determine the impact of plant additives on the antioxidant and sensorial properties of kvass made from bread based on mountain rye flour.