Effects of the music tempo during walking exercise on heart rate variation, lactic acid, and aerobic variables in male college students.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of music tempo on heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), lactate levels, and aerobic capacity during walking exercise in male college students. Ten male college students randomly participated in three experiments using various music tempos on a treadmill device to prevent data contamination between measurements by allowing a 2-week interval. Walking exercise was performed at a moderate intensity of 60%-70% maximum HR for 30 min, with participants divided into three groups based on music tempo: exercise group with fast tempo music (ExF, 120-160 bpm), exercise group with slow tempo music (ExS, 60-70 bpm), and exercise group without music (Ex).

Continuous Catheter Versus Single-Shot Interscalene Block in Shoulder Surgery: A Review and Recommendations for Postoperative Pain Management.

Shoulder arthroscopic and arthroplastic surgeries are associated with significant postoperative pain, which can delay recovery and increase opioid consumption. Interscalene blocks (ISBs) are a commonly used method to manage this pain, either as single-shot injections or continuous catheter infusions (CISBs). This review synthesizes findings from studies conducted in the past five years, comparing the efficacy, complications, and outcomes of single-shot ISBs versus CISBs for postoperative pain management in shoulder surgeries.

Bacterial Diversity in the Different Ecological Niches Related to the Yonghwasil Pond (Republic of Korea).

The bacteriome profile was studied in freshwater ecosystems within the Yonghwasil pond, situated at the National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, central western Korea. Six samples from water, mud, and soil niches were assessed, specifically from lake water, bottom mud (sediment), and root-soil samples of Bulrush, wild rice, Reed, and Korean Willow. Notably, the phylum exhibited an upward trend moving from water to mud to soil samples, whereas showed a contrasting decrease.

A review on emerging pharmaceutical residues in Ethiopia: occurrence, ecotoxicological aspects, and regulatory concerns.

Background: Pharmaceuticals are expected to improve human and animal health, but improper management and regulation have led to adverse effects such as reproductive disorders, antibiotic resistance, and biodiversity loss in ecosystems. Their presence in the environment poses significant risks, including a reduction in biodiversity, reproductive issues, and the development of antimicrobial resistance. This review aims to examine the occurrence and sources of pharmaceuticals in the environment and their ecotoxicological and regulatory aspects, with a focus on Ethiopia.

Exposure of Young Mice to Atmospherically Relevant PM Has Sex-Dependent Long-Lasting Impacts on the Skeletal Muscle System.

The negative effects of particulate matter up to 2.5 μm in diameter (PM) and their mediating mechanisms have been studied in various tissues. However, little is known about the mechanism and long-term tracking underlying the sex-dependent effects of PM on skeletal muscle system modulation.

Aerobic exercise attenuates high-fat diet-induced glycometabolism impairments in skeletal muscle of rat: role of EGR-1/PTP1B signaling pathway.

Objective: Impaired skeletal muscle glycogen synthesis contributes to insulin resistance (IR). Aerobic exercise reported to ameliorate IR by augmenting insulin signaling, however the detailed mechanism behind this improvement remains unclear. This study investigated whether aerobic exercise enhances glycogen anabolism and insulin sensitivity via EGR-1/PTP1B signaling pathway in skeletal muscle of rats.

Preclinical Assessment of Safety and Efficacy of Deferoxamine (DFO)-pretreated Feline Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of deferoxamine (DFO) pretreated feline adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (fATMSCs) for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.

Materials And Methods: fATMSCs were isolated from feline adipose tissue and characterized using flow cytometry for surface marker expression and differentiation assays for adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Different concentrations of DFO were used to evaluate its impact on fATMSC activity.

Therapeutic effect of novel drug candidate, PRG-N-01, on NF2 syndrome-related tumor.

Background: NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2-SWN) is associated with multiple benign tumors in the nervous system. NF2-SWN, caused by mutations in the NF2 gene, has developed into intracranial and spinal schwannomas. Because of the high surgical risk and frequent recurrence of multiple tumors, targeted therapy is necessary.

Machine learning approach and geospatial analysis to determine HIV infection, awareness status, and transmission knowledge among adults in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: HIV/AIDS remains a major public health challenge, in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In 2020, 16% of people living with HIV did not know their HIV status in SSA. Understanding the geospatial distribution of HIV infection, awareness status, and transmission knowledge is crucial for designing effective prevention and control strategies to end the HIV/AIDS pandemic by 2030.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare workers towards healthcare- associated infections in Jimma University Medical Center, southwestern Ethiopia: using structural equation model.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) are a common challenge faced in healthcare facilities, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Evaluating the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among healthcare personnel regarding HCAI prevention and identifying the relevant factors is important for handling and controlling these infections. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the direct and indirect effects of knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthcare workers (HCW) towards HCAIs prevention in Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC).

sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov.: three novel species isolated from soil.

Three Gram-negative, aerobic and non-motile bacterial strains, BT552, BT553 and KR1UV-12, were isolated from soil samples in Gwangju-si and Gangneung-si, the Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strains BT552, BT553 and KR1UV-12 clustered to a distinct clade within the family (order , class ). The strains exhibited the highest genetic similarity with representatives of the genus ; moreover, strains BT552 and BT553 tightly clustered with DAPP-PG 224 (98.

Predictors of neonatal mortality among neonates in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Since 2015, Ethiopia is committed to lowering the death rate for children under five and it is one of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa that has accomplished the fourth Millennium Development Goal. However, in Ethiopia, neonatal death has remained a serious public health concern, with greater rates found in Tigray regional state and the predictors aren't well recognized. The goal of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of neonatal death in the Tigray regional State as well as any relevant risk factors.

Raspberry Pomace as a Good Additive to Apple Freeze-Dried Fruit Bars: Biological Properties and Sensory Evaluation.

This study investigated the impact of adding raspberry pomace to the phenolic content and biological properties of freeze-dried apple/raspberry bars. The bars were prepared by replacing apple puree with raspberry pomace (5-50%), and their phenolic compounds were assessed using ethanol and buffer extracts. This work also explored the potential bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds in enriched bars through a simulated digestion process (digest).

Impact of UPF2 on the levels of CD81 on extracellular vesicles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in cell-to-cell communication. Following uptake, EV cargo molecules, including DNA, RNA, lipids, and proteins, influence gene expression and molecular signaling in recipient cells. Although various studies have identified disease-specific EV molecules, further research into their biogenesis and secretion mechanisms is needed for clinical application.

The impact of atmospheric ultrafine particulate matter on IgE-mediated type 1 hypersensitivity reaction.

The effect of atmospheric ultrafine particulate matter (UPM) on respiratory allergic diseases has been investigated for decades; however, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. In this study, we used a simulated UPM (sUPM) generated via the spark discharge method to refine black carbon, a core particle that closely mimics real-world UPM, including the size (i.e.

Profiling vivax malaria incidence, residual transmission, and risk factors using reactive case detection in low transmission settings of Ethiopia.

Background: Identification of local Plasmodium vivax transmission foci and its hidden reservoirs are crucial to eliminating residual vivax malaria transmission. This study assessed whether reactive case detection (RCD) could better identify P. vivax cases and infection incidences in Arjo-Didessa, Southwestern Ethiopia.

Microbiome diversity and variations in industrial hemp genotypes.

Microbes like bacteria and fungi are crucial for host plant growth and development. However, environmental factors and host genotypes can influence microbiome composition and diversity in plants such as industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.).

Exploring NNMT: from metabolic pathways to therapeutic targets.

Cellular metabolism-related epigenetic modulation plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) serves as a crucial link between cellular metabolism and epigenetics by catalyzing nicotinamide methylation using the universal methyl donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine. This direct connection bridges the methylation-mediated one-carbon metabolism with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels.

Hyperelastic and Stacked Ensemble-Driven Predictive Modeling of PEMFC Gaskets Under Thermal and Chemical Aging.

This study comprehensively investigates the stress distribution and aging effects in Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) and Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR) gasket materials through a novel integration of hyperelastic modeling and advanced machine learning techniques. By employing the Mooney-Rivlin, Ogden, and Yeoh hyperelastic models, we evaluated the mechanical behavior of EPDM and LSR under conditions of no aging, heat aging, and combined heat- and sulfuric-acid exposure. Each model revealed distinct sensitivities to stress distribution and material deformation, with peak von Mises stress values indicating that LSR experiences higher internal stress than EPDM across all conditions.

Brief guide to immunostaining.

Immunostaining is an essential biological technique that determines the localization and level of target antigen molecules using antibodies within cells or tissues. Here, we present a brief guide to immunostaining, including the principles, methods, and different types of immunostaining. This manuscript will also provide common challenges and optimization strategies.

Protective effects of black ginseng on testicular toxicity induced by Di--butyl phthalate in rats.

Di--butyl phthalate (DBP) is a phthalate-based material used as a plasticizer to soften polyvinyl chloride, and classified as an endocrine disruptor with antiandrogen effects. Exposure to DBP induces oxidative stress in rat testes, resulting in testicular toxicity. Black ginseng (BG) exhibits a higher antioxidant activity than white or red ginseng following repeated heat treatment and processing.