2,750 results match your criteria: "College of Medicine and Dentistry[Affiliation]"
Oral Yeasts Carriage in Prediabetic Smokers and Nonsmokers.
Int Dent J
October 2024
Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to investigate the relationship between oral yeasts carriage (OYC) and the effects of habitual smoking and prediabetes among cigarette smokers and nonsmokers.
- Four groups were examined: prediabetic smokers, smokers without prediabetes, prediabetic nonsmokers, and nonsmokers without prediabetes, with various oral health metrics assessed.
- Results indicated that prediabetic smokers had the highest OYC, and dental health indicators such as plaque and attachment loss were poorer in smokers, with significant differences between the smoking and nonsmoking groups related to OYC levels.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the prevalence of cardiac diseases among tourists requiring emergency medical evacuation from the Great Barrier Reef to Cairns Hospital.
- Out of 120 retrieved patients, 38% were diagnosed with significant cardiac conditions, with notable cases including type 2 myocardial infarction and cardiac arrhythmias.
- The research highlights the need for improved planning by tourism and health services considering the substantial cardiac-related emergencies observed in this popular tourist destination.
Carrier rates of group A streptococci in Australian wet tropics and their impact on the clinical usefulness of throat swabs.
Aust J Gen Pract
October 2024
MBChB, FRACGP, PhD, Professor in General Practice, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Mackay, Qld.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on assessing the effectiveness of rapid point-of-care tests (POCT) for detecting group A streptococci (GAS) in patients with sore throats and evaluating GAS carrier rates in the wet tropics.* -
- Among 77 patients and 49 healthy controls, GAS carrier rates were found to be 8.3% in healthy children and 2.7% in adults, with high positive etiological predictive values (P-EPV) of 71% for children and 85% for adults.* -
- The negative etiological predictive values (N-EPV) were very high at 99% for both groups, suggesting that the test could effectively rule out GAS and help to
Rapid uptake of adjunctive corticosteroids for critically ill adults with septic shock following publication of ADRENAL trial. A multicenter, retrospective analysis of prescribing practices in Queensland Intensive Care Units.
Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med
December 2024
School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Intensive Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Doctors studied how hydrocortisone, a medicine, is used for patients with septic shock in 12 hospitals to see if its use changed after a big research trial called the ADRENAL trial.
- They found that more patients started getting hydrocortisone after the trial was published, showing an increase from 28% to 43% over time.
- The study showed that the change in how often hydrocortisone was given was significant during two different time periods: right after the trial was published and the transition period before that.
Atrial Fibrillation Surgery in Australia: Are We Doing Enough?
Heart Lung Circ
December 2024
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia.
Aim: This study aimed to examine contemporary burden and treatment trends of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery in Australia and New Zealand. This allows comparison of contemporary practice with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons guideline recommendations for the surgical treatment of AF in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Method: A 10-year retrospective review of the Australian & New Zealand Society of Cardiac & Thoracic Surgeons National Cardiac Surgery Database was performed, examining all adult cardiac surgery patients from 2011 to 2021.
Efficacy and safety of mavacamten for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Ann Med Surg (Lond)
October 2024
Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
The efficacy and safety profile of mavacamten, a cardiac myosin inhibitor for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is not well-established, prompting the need for an updated meta-analysis. The authors conducted an extensive search across multiple electronic databases, including Embase, MEDLINE (via Pubmed), and CENTRAL, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy and safety of mavacamten in HCM. Review Manager 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPodcasts killed the radio star: A potted history of broadcasting in psychiatry.
Australas Psychiatry
December 2024
Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
Interventions for preventing the progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
October 2024
Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a major hereditary kidney disease, with traditional treatment focusing on symptom management rather than disease progression.
- Recent advancements in understanding the disease's mechanisms have led to new medications aimed at halting its progression, though their effectiveness for all patients remains uncertain.
- The review aims to assess the safety and impact of these interventions using patient-focused outcomes while analyzing data from various clinical studies and trials.
Point-of-care creatinine vs. central laboratory creatinine in the critically ill.
Crit Care Resusc
September 2024
Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers conducted a multicenter study to compare point-of-care testing (POCT) and central laboratory testing for creatinine measurement in critically ill patients.
- The study analyzed 79,767 paired creatinine measurements from 19,118 patients in intensive care units, finding that results from POCT were clinically equivalent to central laboratory results.
- This suggests that POCT could be a viable option for more frequent kidney function monitoring, potentially allowing for earlier detection of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients.
Background Community medicine plays a vital role in public health, yet research on medical students' career choices in this field is limited, especially in underserved areas like South Punjab, Pakistan. This study explores the factors that influence undergraduate medical students' interest in pursuing a career in community medicine. Methodology A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 305 fourth- and final-year undergraduate medical students from various colleges in South Punjab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAwareness and Attitude of Oral Biopsy among Dental Practitioners in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.
J Pharm Bioallied Sci
July 2024
Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Background: The role of dental practitioners is crucial in diagnosing oral conditions or lesions.
Objectives: To evaluate the awareness and attitude of oral biopsy among the sample dental practitioners in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A survey among 369 dental practitioners assessed their knowledge of oral biopsy using a structured questionnaire, with descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests applied.
The Use of Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) in the Management of Dry Socket: A Systematic Review.
Int J Mol Sci
September 2024
Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy.
Dry socket or alveolar osteitis is a common postoperative complication following tooth extraction, characterized by severe pain due to the disintegration of the blood clot within the socket. Various factors contribute to its development, such as traumatic extraction, patient age and sex, smoking, and anesthetic use. To mitigate this condition, socket preservation techniques, including the use of bone substitute materials, have been employed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"Nothing about us, without us": stakeholders perceptions on strategies to improve persons with disabilities' sexual and reproductive health outcomes in Ghana.
Int J Equity Health
September 2024
Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
Background: Persons with disabilities (PwDs) experience various adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the strategies to improve their SRH outcomes. This study, therefore, used a pluralistic approach to explore PwDs and healthcare providers' (HPs) perspectives on how to improve the SRH of PwDs in Ghana.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstimation of Serum Malondialdehyde (a Marker of Oxidative Stress) as a Predictive Biomarker for the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Cardiovascular Outcomes.
Cureus
September 2024
Biochemistry, Pro-Gene Diagnostics and Research Laboratory, Mardan, PAK.
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is influenced by oxidative stress, which is a critical yet often overlooked factor in disease progression. While traditional biomarkers such as cholesterol levels and blood pressure are commonly used, they do not fully capture oxidative damage. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a byproduct of lipid peroxidation, offers additional insights into oxidative stress and CAD severity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Multidisciplinary Approach in the Management of Infectious Diarrhea in the Emergency Department.
Cureus
August 2024
Internal Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, PAK.
Background Globally, infectious diarrhea poses a serious threat to public health, especially in emergency department (ED) settings where timely and efficient treatment is essential. The primary objective of this study was to explore and evaluate the efficacy of a multidisciplinary approach (MDA) in the management of infectious diarrhea within the ED setting. Methodology This prospective cohort study was conducted from January to December 2023 at the Lady Reading Hospital ED in Peshawar, Pakistan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer: Not a Disease of Old Age Anymore?
Asia Pac J Public Health
November 2024
Nishtar Hospital, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan.
Deep brain stimulation: a promising approach to revolutionize the treatment of pediatric epilepsy.
Neurosurg Rev
September 2024
University College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan.
A variety of treatment modalities currently exist for epilepsy, a debilitating disorder. With the emergence of drug-resistant epilepsy, however, new options are being explored. Deep brain stimulation is a neuromodulation technique that can prove to be a ground-breaking treatment option for pediatric epilepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of post-oral bitter compound interventions on the postprandial glycemia response: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Clin Nutr
November 2024
School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Nutrition, Diabetes and Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, SAHMRI, SA 5000, Australia. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: The post-oral sensing of bitter compounds by a family of bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) is suggested to regulate postprandial glycemia in humans. However, reports are inconsistent. This systematic review used meta-analysis to synthesise the impact of bitter compound interventions on the postprandial glycaemic response in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe workforce crisis in public psychiatry can be addressed by asking psychiatrists to focus on psychiatry.
Australas Psychiatry
December 2024
Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
Understanding Network Meta-Analysis: A Practical Introduction for Nurses.
J Adv Nurs
September 2024
School of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Sciences, Central Queensland University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Aims: This paper examines network meta-analysis (NMA) as a methodological advancement in nursing research and discusses considerations for interpreting and applying NMA results in clinical practice.
Design And Methods: Methodological discussion.
Results: The NMA method simultaneously evaluates multiple interventions by combining direct and indirect evidence.
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury in patients with chronic kidney disease: Patient characteristics, prevalence, timing, trajectory, treatment and associated outcomes.
Nephrology (Carlton)
December 2024
Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- The study compared the prevalence and outcomes of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) versus those without.
- Among 84,240 ICU admissions, 8.6% involved CKD patients, who had a higher incidence of SA-AKI (21% vs 14%) and were generally older and sicker.
- Despite worse initial outcomes and higher unadjusted mortality in CKD patients, adjustments showed CKD was not an independent risk factor for increased 90-day mortality or major adverse kidney events.
Breaking barriers: Addressing gender disparity in neurosurgery.
Neurosurg Rev
September 2024
Registrar Neurosurgery, Brain Surgery Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Neurosurgery is still dominated by men, with only 16.7% of neurosurgeons being women and even fewer in leadership roles. This disparity affects research, patient care, and health policy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurological Complications following Surgical Treatments of the Lower Molars.
Int J Dent
September 2024
Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine School of Medicine University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari 70124, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- * Using specific databases and criteria, researchers narrowed down 2,250 articles to 11 highly relevant studies to analyze the risks associated with these surgeries, highlighting temporary and permanent sensory loss as potential outcomes.
- * Despite available treatments like laser therapy and pain management for nerve damage, patients often experience a significant decline in their quality of life post-surgery.